環境：
作業系統為：SunOS 5.10
資料庫版本：ORACLE RAC 11.2.0.3.0
該主機上有2個庫，一套RAC的節點1在上面，還有另外一個庫，之所以使用的是DB下的監聽而沒用GRID下的監聽，
是為了避免停掉CRS時影響另外一個庫的使用。

故障現象：
資料庫監聽不定期出現異常 ,從應用tnsping資料庫，時間花費很長甚至連不上

故障分析處理過程：

從應用主機tnsping如下：

racdb1_scenemon$tnsping racdb_new

TNS Ping Utility for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-2月 -2014 15:46:23

Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

已使用的引數檔案:

已使用 TNSNAMES 介面卡來解析別名
嘗試連線 (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11.111.11.1)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 11.111.11.2)(PORT = 1521)) (LOAD_BALANCE = yes) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = racdb) (FAILOVER_MODE = (TYPE = SELECT) (METHOD = BASIC) (RETRIES = 180) (DELAY = 5))))

OK (60000 毫秒)

從資料庫伺服器上檢視監聽狀態：

$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2014 15:45:58

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))

TNS-12535: TNS:operation timed out
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00505: Operation timed out

將監聽程式予以kill並重啟監聽：

$ ps -ef |grep tns
oracle 18504 18468 0 15:45:15 pts/10 0:00 grep tns
oracle 24037 1 0 Nov 28 ? 6:08 /oracle/app/asm/11.2.0/grid/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle 9488 1 3 Jan 24 ? 4447:11 /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
$
$ kill -9 9488
$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 19-FEB-2014 15:48:22

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Starting /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Log messages written to /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/log/diag/tnslsnr/racdb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=racdb)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Solaris: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 19-FEB-2014 15:48:22
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Log File /oracle/app/db/product/11.2.0/db/log/diag/tnslsnr/racdb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=racdb)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

檢查listener.log如下：

17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41603)) * establish * racdb * 0
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41659)) * establish * racdb * 12518
TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00530: Protocol adapter error
Solaris Error: 24: Too many open files <<<<<<<<<
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41652)) * establish * racdb * 0
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41669)) * establish * racdb * 0
17-FEB-2014 16:02:26 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=racdb)(FAILOVER_MODE=(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=180)(DELAY=5))(CID=(PROGRAM=sqlplus@racdb1)(HOST=racdb1)(USER=tmn))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=11.111.11.89)(PORT=41682)) * establish * racdb * 12518
TNS-12518: TNS:listener could not hand off client connection
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00530: Protocol adapter error
Solaris Error: 24: Too many open files <<<<<<<<<<

Too many open files意味著Maximum Number Of Open Files Per Process 達到了上限。因此listener hang住的原因可能是該limit設定過小，進一步檢視硬體限制如下：

$ ulimit -Ha
time(seconds) unlimited
file(blocks) unlimited
data(kbytes) unlimited
stack(kbytes) unlimited
coredump(blocks) unlimited
nofiles(descriptors) 65536
memory(kbytes) unlimited

檢視軟體限制如下：

$ ulimit -Sa
time(seconds) unlimited
file(blocks) unlimited
data(kbytes) unlimited
stack(kbytes) 8192
coredump(blocks) unlimited
nofiles(descriptors) 256
memory(kbytes) unlimited

檢視/etc/system如下：

*ident "@(#)system 1.18 97/06/27 SMI" /* SVR4 1.5 */

*

* SYSTEM SPECIFICATION FILE

*

* moddir:

*

* Set the search path for modules. This has a format similar to the

* csh path variable. If the module isn't found in the first directory

* it tries the second and so on. The default is /kernel /usr/kernel

*

* Example:

* moddir: /kernel /usr/kernel /other/modules

* root device and root filesystem configuration:

*

* The following may be used to override the defaults provided by

* the boot program:

*

* rootfs: Set the filesystem type of the root.

*

* rootdev: Set the root device. This should be a fully

* expanded physical pathname. The default is the

* physical pathname of the device where the boot

* program resides. The physical pathname is

* highly platform and configuration dependent.

*

* Example:

* rootfs:ufs

* rootdev:/sbus@1,f8000000/esp@0,800000/sd@3,0:a

*

* (Swap device configuration should be specified in /etc/vfstab.)

* exclude:

*

* Modules appearing in the moddir path which are NOT to be loaded,

* even if referenced. Note that `exclude' accepts either a module name,

* or a filename which includes the directory.

*

* Examples:

* exclude: win

* exclude: sys/shmsys

* forceload:

*

* Cause these modules to be loaded at boot time, (just before mounting

* the root filesystem) rather than at first reference. Note that

* forceload expects a filename which includes the directory. Also

* note that loading a module does not necessarily imply that it will

* be installed.

*

* Example:

* forceload: drv/foo

* set:

*

* Set an integer variable in the kernel or a module to a new value.

* This facility should be used with caution. See system(4).

*

* Examples:

*

* To set variables in 'unix':

*

* set nautopush=32

* set maxusers=40

*

* To set a variable named 'debug' in the module named 'test_module'

*

* set test_module:debug = 0x13

* Begin FJSVssf (do not edit)

set ftrace_atboot = 1

set kmem_flags = 0x100

set kmem_lite_maxalign = 8192

* End FJSVssf (do not edit)

forceload: drv/fjpfca

* Begin MDD root info (do not edit)

rootdev:/pseudo/md@0:0,0,blk

* End MDD root info (do not edit)

*** Begin EMCpower added lines *** DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE ***

forceload: drv/emcpsf

forceload: drv/sd

forceload: drv/ssd

forceload: drv/emcp

forceload: misc/emcpgpx

forceload: misc/emcpmpx

forceload: misc/emcpvlumd

forceload: misc/emcpxcrypt

forceload: misc/emcpdm

forceload: misc/emcpioc

set emcp:bPxEnableInit=1

*** End EMCpower added lines *** DO NOT EDIT ABOVE THIS LINE ***

exec_user_stack = 1

set noexec_user_stack_log = 1

檢視/etc/project如下：

system:0::::

user.root:1::::

noproject:2::::

default:3::::

group.staff:10::::

user.oracle:100::oracle::

綜上所述，從listener.log的輸出看，nofiles的soft limit過小，只有256，這會導致Solaris Error: 24: Too many open files 錯誤。從/etc/system和/etc/project，我們沒有看到設定了soft limit。

故障處理小結及後續建議

將oracle使用者的soft limit提升為至少1024，然後重新oracle使用者登入，檢驗ulimit合格後，重新啟動資料庫和監聽。

具體解決辦法如下：

1、在/etc/system增加以下行

set rlim_fd_max=65536

set rlim_fd_cur=4096

2、重新登入ORACLE並檢驗oracle使用者的限制

su – oracle

ulimit -Ha

ulimit –Sa

3、重新啟動資料庫和監聽

資料庫監聽不定期出現異常故障處理

故障分析處理過程：

從應用主機tnsping如下：

故障處理小結及後續建議

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