除了執行系統命令外,我們有時還需要動態地執行一些python程式碼,有經驗的朋友就會知道可以使用內建函式eval實現這一需求,如eval("print(__file__)")
,這還是比較簡單的。
但如果要動態執行一個函式,講的資料就會少一點,這次就要看這個需求該如何實現。
一、透過eval實現
1 透過eval呼叫同一個類內的函式
class TestA:
def __init__(self):
self.config_dict = {
"be_called_function_name": "self.be_called_function()",
}
pass
def active_call_function(self):
print("here is active_call_function.")
be_called_function_name = self.config_dict["be_called_function_name"]
# 就直接呼叫。如果有其他引數,一樣地傳就好了
# 另外也可以是"be_called_function_name"是"be_called_function",然後eval(be_called_function_name)()
eval(be_called_function_name)
pass
def be_called_function(self):
print("here is be_called_function.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj = TestA()
obj.active_call_function()
2 透過eval呼叫同一個檔案內的一級函式
class TestA:
def __init__(self):
self.config_dict = {
"be_called_function_name": "be_called_function()",
}
pass
def active_call_function(self):
print("here is active_call_function.")
be_called_function_name = self.config_dict["be_called_function_name"]
# 就直接呼叫。如果有其他引數,一樣地傳就好了
# 另外也可以是"be_called_function_name"是"be_called_function",然後eval(be_called_function_name)()
eval(be_called_function_name)
pass
def be_called_function():
print("here is be_called_function.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj = TestA()
obj.active_call_function()
二、透過getattr實現
1 透過函式名呼叫同一個類內的函式
class TestA:
def __init__(self):
self.config_dict = {
"be_called_function_name": "be_called_function",
}
pass
def active_call_function(self):
print("here is active_call_function.")
# getaattr(module_name, function_name),module_name傳self即可
be_called_function = getattr(self, self.config_dict["be_called_function_name"])
# 就直接呼叫。如果有其他引數,一樣地傳就好了
be_called_function()
pass
def be_called_function(self):
print("here is be_called_function.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj = TestA()
obj.active_call_function()
2 透過函式名呼叫其他類的函式
class TestA:
def __init__(self):
self.config_dict = {
"be_called_function_name": "be_called_function",
}
pass
def active_call_function(self):
print("here is active_call_function.")
# getaattr(module_name, function_name),module_name傳被呼叫的函式所在的類的類例項
testb_obj = TestB()
be_called_function = getattr(testb_obj, self.config_dict["be_called_function_name"])
# 就直接呼叫。如果有其他引數,一樣地傳就好了
be_called_function()
pass
class TestB:
def be_called_function(self):
print("here is be_called_function.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj = TestA()
obj.active_call_function()
3 透過函式名呼叫同檔案的一級函式
import sys
class TestA:
def __init__(self):
self.config_dict = {
"be_called_function_name": "be_called_function",
}
pass
def active_call_function(self):
print("here is active_call_function.")
# getaattr(module_name, function_name),module_name傳當前模組名
module_name = sys.modules['__main__']
be_called_function = getattr(module_name, self.config_dict["be_called_function_name"])
# 就直接呼叫。如果有其他引數,一樣地傳就好了
be_called_function()
pass
def be_called_function():
print("here is be_called_function.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj = TestA()
obj.active_call_function()
4 透過函式名呼叫在其他檔案的一級函式
class TestA:
def __init__(self):
self.config_dict = {
"be_called_function_name": "be_called_function",
}
pass
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def active_call_function(self):
print("here is active_call_function.")
# getaattr(module_name, function_name),module_name傳函式所在模組名
# __import__()傳函式所在檔案
module_name = __import__("test_call_function_by_string1")
be_called_function = getattr(module_name, self.config_dict["be_called_function_name"])
# 就直接呼叫。如果有其他引數,一樣地傳就好了
be_called_function()
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
obj = TestA()
obj.active_call_function()