java-springmvc4-web專案搭建

java-springmvc4-web專案搭建


1.新建一個 maven project web 專案，用 “maven-archetype-webapp”型別，專案名為 mavens-web


2.配置 maven ，新增 spring 需要的 jar 包

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>demo.mavens.parent</groupId>
    <artifactId>mavens-parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <groupId>demo.mavens.parent</groupId>
  <artifactId>mavens-web</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>mavens-web Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
	<!-- 檔案拷貝時的編碼 -->
	<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
	<!-- 編譯時的編碼 -->
	<org.springframework.version>4.3.7.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
	<!-- spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
	<!-- 讀取不同環境配置檔案 -->
	<profiles>
		<profile>
			<id>dev</id>
			<properties>
				<env>dev</env>
			</properties>
			<activation>
				<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
			</activation>
		</profile>
		<profile>
			<id>test</id>
			<properties>
				<env>test</env>
			</properties>
		</profile>
		<profile>
			<id>product</id>
			<properties>
				<env>product</env>
			</properties>
		</profile>
	</profiles>


	<build>
		<finalName>mavens-web</finalName>
	</build>
</project>

3.配置 web.xml

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >


<web-app>
	<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
	<!-- 配置DispatchcerServlet -->
	<servlet>  
	    <servlet-name>demoServlet</servlet-name>  
	    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
	    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
	</servlet>  
	<servlet-mapping>  
	    <servlet-name>demoServlet</servlet-name>
	    <!-- / 表示對於所有的請求的攔截，包括靜態資源如html, js, jpg等 -->
	    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
	</servlet-mapping>	
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

4.在 WEB-INF 目錄下建立 xxxservlet.xml,xxx 為 servlet-name 指定的名

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">


	<!-- 不攔截靜態資源 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven /> 
	<mvc:resources location="/content/" mapping="/content/**"/>
	<!-- 配置自動掃描的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="demo.mvc">
	</context:component-scan>
	<!-- 配置檢視解析器 如何把handler 方法返回值解析為實際的物理檢視 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 拼接物理檢視的地址字首 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/views/"></property>
		<!-- 拼接物理檢視的地址字尾 -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

5.建立一個 controller 控制器檔案，定義和處理請求
注：包名結構這裡將 spring 相關的東西都放到 demo.mvc 下了
控制器都放到 demo.mvc.controllers 包下

package demo.mvc.controllers;


import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;


/** 
*
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {
	/**
	 * 請求地址：專案名/hello/index
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping("index")
	public String index(){
		return "hello/index"; //servlet.xml 中定義的 字首（prefix）+返回值+字尾（suffix）拼接的實體地址
	}
}

6.在 webapp 目錄下建立 views/hello 目錄
views 目錄放所有頁面檔案
hello 目錄對應每個controller控制器，這裡對應 HelloController 這個控制器
目錄結構為：
webapp
--views
----hello
------index.jsp


7.部署到 tomcat 中，看下目錄結構對不
webapps
--mavens-web
----META-INF
----views
------index.jsp //這個是目標頁
----WEB-INF
index.jsp


8.請求 http://localhost:8080/mavens-web/hello/index 檢視效果