su - oracle 切換到oracle賬戶
lsnrctl start 啟動監聽
sqlplus /nolog 登陸sqlplus
conn /as sysdba 或者 sqlplus / as sysdba sysdba登陸到本機的資料庫
startup 啟動資料
shutdown immediate 關閉資料庫
lsnrctl stop 關閉監聽
一、啟動監聽與資料庫
1、啟動監聽：
su - oracle
lsnrctl start
說明：
su後面追加 -，-l,--login，表示切換使用者時，使環境變數(home，shell，user，logname，path等）和欲切換的使用者相同、
結果如下，則啟動成功：
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-APR-2014 16:15:25
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /home/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /home/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /home/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/JTWF/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=JTWF)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=JTWF)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 04-APR-2014 16:15:25
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/JTWF/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=JTWF)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
2、啟動資料庫：
連線到sqlplus
sqlplus /nolog
結果如下：
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Apr 4 16:15:52 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL>
以sysdba登陸，並執行命令startup
SQL>conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
結果如下：
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes
Fixed Size 2217992 bytes
Variable Size 578815992 bytes
Database Buffers 251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers 6590464 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
二、關閉資料庫、監聽
1、關閉資料庫
使用oracle賬號登陸sqlplus，
su - oracle
sqlplus /nolog
結果如下：
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Apr 4 15:10:59 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL>
sysdba登陸：
SQL>conn /as sysdba
Connected.
關閉資料庫：
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
關閉資料庫後，若執行查詢命令， 則會報如下錯誤：
SQL> select * from vio_business_request;
select * from vio_business_request
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 14138
Session ID: 75 Serial number: 503
SQL>
退出sqlplus：
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
2、關閉監聽：
bash-4.1$ lsnrctl stop // oracle使用者下執行
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-APR-2014 15:17:00
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=JTWF)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfullybash-4.1$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-APR-2014 15:17:00
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=JTWF)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully