【RabbitMQ】topic type exchange example in golang
【RabbitMQ】核心概念講到,Exchange有三種型別:
- fanout
- direct
- topic
本篇為第三篇,介紹topic型別(topic型別的exchange,會將訊息傳送到指定routingkey的queue,這裡的routingkey跟direct型別的routingkey有所不同,可以指定類似:*.black.rabbit
, quick.*.rabbit
等)
在我的開發環境中,GOPATH=C:\Users${user_name}\go,在GOPATH\src 目錄下新建topic專案。在topic專案中新建兩個檔案:
- producer.go。負責傳送訊息
- consumer.go。負責接收訊息
在producer.go中寫入以下程式碼:
package main
import (
"log"
"os"
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func exit_on_error(err error) {
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://<username>:<password>@<host>:<port>/")
exit_on_error(err)
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
exit_on_error(err)
defer ch.Close()
err = ch.ExchangeDeclare(
"example.topic", // name
"topic", // type
true, // durable
false, // auto-deleted
false, // internal
false, // no-wait
nil, // arguments
)
exit_on_error(err)
routingkey := os.Args[1]
message := os.Args[2]
err = ch.Publish(
"example.topic", // exchange
routingkey, // routing key
false, // mandatory
false, // immediate
amqp.Publishing {
ContentType: "text/plain",
Body: []byte(message),
},
)
exit_on_error(err)
log.Printf(" [x] Sent %s", message)
}
producer流程:
- 建立exchange
- 傳送訊息到exchange(指定routingkey)
在consumer.go中寫入以下程式碼:
package main
import (
"log"
"os"
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func exit_on_error(err error) {
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://<username>:<password>@<host>:<port>/")
exit_on_error(err)
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
exit_on_error(err)
defer ch.Close()
err = ch.ExchangeDeclare(
"example.topic", // name
"topic", // type
true, // durable
false, // auto-deleted
false, // internal
false, // no-wait
nil, // arguments
)
exit_on_error(err)
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"", // name
false, // durable
false, // delete when usused
true, // exclusive
false, // no-wait
nil, // arguments
)
exit_on_error(err)
routingkey := os.Args[1]
err = ch.QueueBind(
q.Name, // queue name
routingkey, // routing key
"example.topic", // exchange
false,
nil,
)
exit_on_error(err)
msgs, err := ch.Consume(
q.Name, // queue
"", // consumer
true, // auto-ack
false, // exclusive
false, // no-local
false, // no-wait
nil, // args
)
exit_on_error(err)
forever := make(chan bool)
go func() {
for d := range msgs {
log.Printf(" [x] %s", d.Body)
}
}()
log.Printf(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C")
<-forever
}
說明:conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://<username>:<password>@<host>:<port>/")
使用<username>
等變數,需要替換成實際環境引數
consumer流程:
- 申明exchange
- 宣告queue
- 將queue繫結到exchange
- 訂閱queue
特別說明:如果將producer.go和consumer.go放到同一個目錄下,IDE會報錯,同一個main package中有兩個main function,可以忽略
執行producer:
go run producer.go <routingkey> <message>
執行consumer(為了測試效果,開啟兩個以上終端,執行以下命令):
go run consumer.go <routingkey>
執行結果示例:
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