頭條地址:https://www.ixigua.com/i677586170644791348...
B站地址:https://www.bilibili.com/video/av81202308/
github地址:https://github.com/anonymousGiga/learn_rus...
1、型別別名
例子:
type Kilometers = i32;
let x: i32 = 5;
let y: Kilometers = 5;
println!("x + y = {}", x + y);
說明:例子中Kilmeters 是i32的同義詞。Kilometers 型別的值完全當作i32型別來對待。
型別別名的主要用途是減少重複。
(1)考慮如下型別:
Box<dyn Fn() + Send + 'static>
如程式碼:
let f: Box<dyn Fn() + Send + 'static> = Box::new(|| println!("hi"));
fn takes_long_type(f: Box<dyn Fn() + Send + 'static>) {
// --snip--
}
fn returns_long_type() -> Box<dyn Fn() + Send + 'static> {
// --snip--
}
使用別名,程式碼:
type Thunk = Box<dyn Fn() + Send + 'static>;
let f: Thunk = Box::new(|| println!("hi"));
fn takes_long_type(f: Thunk) {
// --snip--
}
fn returns_long_type() -> Thunk {
// --snip--
}
(2)考慮如下例子:
use std::io::Error; //標準庫中的std::io::Error結構體代表了所有可能的I/O錯誤
use std::fmt;
pub trait Write {
fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, Error>;
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error>;
fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>;
fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: fmt::Arguments) -> Result<(), Error>;
}
加上如下型別別名宣告:
type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, std::io::Error>;//result<T, E> 中 E 放入了 std::io::Error
程式碼就可以變成:
pub trait Write {
fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize>;
fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<()>;
fn write_all(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<()>;
fn write_fmt(&mut self, fmt: Arguments) -> Result<()>;
}
本作品採用《CC 協議》,轉載必須註明作者和本文連結