下面我們看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了幾個常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：

名稱	命令表示式
建立表	create '表名稱', '列名稱1','列名稱2','列名稱N'
新增記錄	put '表名稱', '行名稱', '列名稱:', '值'
檢視記錄	get '表名稱', '行名稱'
檢視錶中的記錄總數	count '表名稱'
刪除記錄	delete '表名' ,'行名稱' , '列名稱'
刪除一張表	先要遮蔽該表，才能對該表進行刪除，第一步 disable '表名稱' 第二步 drop '表名稱'
檢視所有記錄	scan "表名稱"
檢視某個表某個列中所有資料	scan "表名稱" , ['列名稱:']
更新記錄	就是重寫一遍進行覆蓋

下面是一些常見命令的說明，在hbaseshell中輸入help的幫助資訊，在本文中，我們先介紹前3個，後面2個，將在下一篇博文中介紹。

點選(此處)摺疊或開啟

輸入help,檢視命令幫助
hbase(main):001:0> help
HBase Shell, version 1.2.0, r25b281972df2f5b15c426c8963cbf77dd853a5ad, Thu Feb 18 23:01:49 CST 2016
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.
COMMAND GROUPS:
Group name: general
Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami
Group name: ddl
Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, locate_region, show_filters
Group name: namespace
Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables
Group name: dml
Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve
Group name: tools
Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, compact_rs, flush, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump
Group name: replication
Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs
Group name: snapshots
Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot
Group name: configuration
Commands: update_all_config, update_config
Group name: quotas
Commands: list_quotas, set_quota
Group name: security
Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission
Group name: procedures
Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures
Group name: visibility labels
Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility
SHELL USAGE:
Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names. Commas delimit
command parameters. Type <RETURN> after entering a command to run it.
Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are
Ruby Hashes. They look like this:
{'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...}
and are opened and closed with curley-braces. Key/values are delimited by the
'=>' character combination. Usually keys are predefined constants such as
NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc. Constants do not need to be quoted. Type
'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment.
If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use
double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example:
hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd"
hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011"
hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1:

一、一般操作

1.查詢伺服器狀態

hbase(main):024:0>status

3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load

2.查詢hbase版本

hbase(main):025:0>version

0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011

二、DDL操作

1.建立一個表

hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info'

0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds

2.獲得表的描述

hbase(main):012:0>list

TABLE

member

1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION ENABLED

{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true

VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa

lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI

ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',

BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}

1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

3.刪除一個列族，alter，disable，enable

我們之前建了3個列族，但是發現member_id這個列族是多餘的，因為他就是主鍵，所以我們要將其刪除。

hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.

報錯，刪除列族的時候必須先將表給disable掉。

hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member'

0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds

hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds

hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION ENABLED

{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false

VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa

lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI

ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',

BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}

1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

該列族已經刪除，我們繼續將表enable

hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member'

0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds

4.列出所有的表

hbase(main):028:0>list

TABLE

member

temp_table

2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

5.drop一個表

hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'

0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds

hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'

0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds

6.查詢表是否存在

hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'

Table member doesexist

0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds

7.判斷表是否enable

hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'

true

0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

8.判斷表是否disable

hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'

false

0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

三、DML操作

1.插入幾條記錄

put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'

put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'

put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'

2.獲取一條資料

獲取一個id的所有資料

hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'

COLUMN CELL

address:city timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou

address:contry timestamp=1321586239126, value=china

address:province timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17

info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba

6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds

獲取一個id，一個列族的所有資料

hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17

info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba

3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

獲取一個id，一個列族中一個列的所有資料

hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds

6.更新一條記錄

將scutshuxue的年齡改成99

hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'

0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99

1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

3.透過timestamp來獲取兩個版本的資料

hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24

1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99

1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

4.全表掃描：

hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'

ROW COLUMN+CELL

scutshuxue column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou

scutshuxue column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china

scutshuxue column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang

scutshuxue column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99

scutshuxue column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17

scutshuxue column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba

temp column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59

xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang

xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china

xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong

xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao

xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17

xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba

xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie

3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds

5.刪除id為temp的值的‘info:age’欄位

hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'

0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'

COLUMN CELL

0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

6.刪除整行

hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'

0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds

7.查詢表中有多少行：

hbase(main):019:0>count 'member'

2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

8.給‘xiaofeng’這個id增加'info:age'欄位，並使用counter實現遞增

hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 1

hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01

1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 2

hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COLUMN CELL

info:age timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02

1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

獲取當前count的值

hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 2

9.將整張表清空：

hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'

Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):

- Disabling table...

- Dropping table...

- Creating table...

0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds

可以看出，hbase是先將掉disable掉，然後drop掉後重建表來實現truncate的功能的。

Hbase shell 常用命令1

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