自己總結的ORACLE日常運維常用的SQL

-- 會話被阻塞
select t.BLOCKING_SESSION ,t.sid,t.serial# ,t.* from v$session t where t.BLOCKING_SESSION is not null; 

歷史session:
select * from V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY;

-- 當前正在執行的SQL
select sql.INST_ID,sql.SQL_TEXT,sql.SQL_ID,se.* from gv$sqlarea sql ,gv$session se where sql.ADDRESS=se.SQL_ADDRESS and sql.INST_ID=se.INST_ID;

--- 透過程式定位session
select p.SPID,s.* from gv$process p , gv$session s where p.ADDR=s.PADDR and p.INST_ID=s.INST_ID and p.SPID='2394';
select p.SPID  from gv$process p , gv$session s where p.ADDR=s.PADDR and p.INST_ID=s.INST_ID and s.sid in (select sid from v$mystat);

--  併發session
select * from v$px_session

--- 檢視程式正在執行的SQL
select S.EVENT,s.BLOCKING_SESSION,s.BLOCKING_INSTANCE, p.SPID,sql.SQL_TEXT,s.* from gv$process p , gv$session s,gv$sqlarea sql 
where p.ADDR=s.PADDR and p.INST_ID=s.INST_ID  and sql.INST_ID=s.INST_ID
and sql.ADDRESS=s.SQL_ADDRESS
and s.BLOCKING_SESSION is not null
-- and p.SPID='2394';
;

# 檢視阻塞其它session的session
select 'kill -9 ' || p.SPID,p.SPID,s.* from gv$process p ,
  gv$session s where p.ADDR=s.PADDR and p.INST_ID=s.INST_ID
  and (s.sid,s.inst_id) in (select t.BLOCKING_SESSION,t.BLOCKING_INSTANCE 
from gv$session t where t.BLOCKING_SESSION is not null)

--查詢誰鎖定
SELECT /*+ rule */    
lpad(' ', decode(l.xidusn, 0, 3, 0)) || l.oracle_username User_name,o.owner, o.object_name,    
o.object_type, s.sid, s.serial#    
 FROM v$locked_object l, dba_objects o, v$session s    
WHERE l.object_id = o.object_id    
   AND l.session_id = s.sid    
ORDER BY o.object_id, xidusn DESC;    

--釋放session Sql 語法:    
alter system kill session 'sid, serial#'    
--例子：    
alter system kill session '379, 21132'; 

-- 遊標
select * from gv$open_cursor;
select inst_id,sid,count(1) from gv$open_cursor group by  inst_id,sid order by count(1) desc;
select inst_id, substr(sql_text,1,80),count(1)  from gv$open_cursor group by inst_id, substr(sql_text,1,80) order by count(1) desc;

-- 閃回查詢
select * from t as of timestamp to_timestamp('2010-06-29 22:57:47', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');
select * from t as of scn 1060174;
select * from t as of timestamp  sysdate-5/24/60;

撤銷表空間使用情況：
SELECT sess.inst_id,sess.SID,sess.serial#, sess.osuser, sess.username,
  rseg.segment_name SEGMENT, rseg.tablespace_name, trans.used_ublk,
  trans.used_ublk*8 "UNDO SIZE(KB)", rseg.STATUS, sa.sql_text
FROM gv$session sess, gv$transaction trans, dba_rollback_segs rseg, gv$sqlarea sa
WHERE sess.inst_id=trans.inst_id and trans.inst_id=sa.inst_id
and sess.taddr=trans.addr AND trans.xidusn=rseg.segment_id(+) 
AND sa.ADDRESS=sess.SQL_ADDRESS
ORDER BY sql_text;

SELECT * FROM dba_rollback_segs rseg;
SELECT * FROM gv$transaction ;
SELECT * FROM DBA_UNDO_EXTENTS t where t.status='ACTIVE';
SELECT t.STATUS,sum(t.BYTES)/1024/1024/1024 FROM DBA_UNDO_EXTENTS t group by t.STATUS
select * from dba_segments t where t.segment_name='_SYSSMU10_1197734989$';

--檢視當前哪些使用者使用撤銷段以及段的大小，啟動時間，活動狀態等
SELECT t.xidusn,t.start_time,t.used_ublk,t.status, s.username,r.segment_name
  FROM v$transaction t 
  JOIN v$session s  ON t.ses_addr = s.saddr
  JOIN dba_rollback_segs r  ON r.segment_id = t.xidusn ;

-- SQL
SELECT seg.BYTES/1024/1024/1024, sql.SQL_TEXT, t.xidusn,t.start_time,t.used_ublk,t.status, s.username,r.segment_name
  FROM gv$transaction t 
  JOIN gv$session s  ON t.ses_addr = s.saddr and t.INST_ID = s.INST_ID
  JOIN dba_rollback_segs r  ON r.segment_id = t.xidusn 
  JOIN  gV$sqlarea sql on sql.ADDRESS=s.SQL_ADDRESS and sql.INST_ID = s.INST_ID
  JOIN dba_segments seg on r.segment_name=seg.segment_name

 select t.TABLESPACE_NAME,t.STATUS,sum(t.BYTES)/1024/1024 from DBA_UNDO_EXTENTS t
  group by t.TABLESPACE_NAME,t.STATUS
  order by t.TABLESPACE_NAME,t.STATUS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 檢視錶空間使用率

select a.tablespace_name,
       round(a.maxbytes /1024/1024/1024) "Sum GB",
       round((a.bytes - b.free_bytes) /1024/1024/1024) "used GB",
       (a.bytes - b.free_bytes) "used ",
       round((a.maxbytes-(a.bytes - b.free_bytes)) /1024/1024/1024) "free_all GB",
       round(((a.bytes - b.free_bytes) / a.maxbytes) * 100, 2) "percent_used"
  from (select tablespace_name, sum(decode(maxbytes,0,decode(autoextensible,'YES',34359721984,bytes),maxbytes)) maxbytes,sum(bytes) bytes
          from dba_data_files
         group by tablespace_name) a,
       (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) free_bytes
          from dba_free_space
         group by tablespace_name) b
 where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
 and a.tablespace_name in ('USERS')
 order by ((a.bytes - b.free_bytes) / a.maxbytes) desc;
 
-- 檢視哪個表的記錄數最多
select t.num_rows,t.* from dba_tables t where owner='AMRDCS' order by t.num_rows desc;
-- 查詢空塊多的TABLE
select ex.owner,ex.segment_name,ex.segment_type,round(sum(ex.bytes)/1024/1024) tab_free from dba_free_space sp, dba_extents ex
 where sp.block_id=ex.block_id 
group by ex.owner,ex.segment_name,ex.segment_type
order by tab_free desc;

-- 檢視資料庫整體各個時間段的負載，每小時一天記錄
WITH sysstat AS
(select sn.begin_interval_time begin_interval_time,
 sn.end_interval_time end_interval_time,
 ss.stat_name stat_name,
 ss.value e_value,
 lag(ss.value, 1) over(order by ss.snap_id) b_value
 from dba_hist_sysstat ss, dba_hist_snapshot sn
 where trunc(sn.begin_interval_time) >= sysdate - 7
 and ss.snap_id = sn.snap_id
 and ss.dbid = sn.dbid
 and ss.instance_number = sn.instance_number
 and ss.dbid = (select dbid from v$database)
 and ss.instance_number = (select instance_number from v$instance)
 and ss.stat_name = 'DB time')
select to_char (BEGIN_INTERVAL_TIME, 'mm-dd hh24:mi') || to_char (END_INTERVAL_TIME, '
hh24:mi') date_time, stat_name, round((e_value - nvl(b_value, 0)) / (extract(day
 from(end_interval_time - begin_interval_time)) * 24 * 60 * 60 + extract(hour
 from(end_interval_time - begin_interval_time)) * 60 * 60 + extract(minute
 from(end_interval_time - begin_interval_time)) * 60 + extract(second
 from(end_interval_time - begin_interval_time))), 0) per_sec
 from sysstat
where(e_value - nvl(b_value, 0)) > 0 and nvl(b_value, 0) > 0 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
查詢歸檔日誌大小
select  t.thread#,sum(t.BLOCKS*t.BLOCK_SIZE/1024/1024/1024) from v$archived_log t where t.FIRST_TIME > sysdate-1 group by t.thread#;

SELECT * FROM table(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('0jytavpsa7yaj',0));

select  t.thread#,to_char(t.FIRST_TIME,'yyyymmdd hh24'),round(sum(t.BLOCKS*t.BLOCK_SIZE/1024/1024/1024)) from v$archived_log t
 where t.FIRST_TIME > sysdate-1 group by t.thread#,to_char(t.FIRST_TIME,'yyyymmdd hh24')
 order by 1,2 ;

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
sql最佳化相關包
DBMS_ADVISOR, DBMS_SQLTUNE, DBMS_AUTO_SQLTUNE, and DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY packages
select * from dba_advisor_definitions;  
select * from DBA_ADVISOR_FINDINGS;  
select dbms_space.asa_recommendations('TRUE', 'TRUE', 'FALSE') from dual;

根據SQL_ID檢視執行計劃
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_awr('sql_id'));
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('sql_id'))
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('sql_id',null,'ADVANCED ALLSTATS LAST PEEKED_BINDS'));

select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_awr('sql_id'));

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關聯關係查詢：
select t.name,t.referenced_owner,t.referenced_name,s.type,s.text
 from user_dependencies t,user_source s 
where s.name=t.name and upper(s.text) like '%'||t.referenced_name ||'%'
--and t.name=upper('sa_customer_analysis_pkg')
and t.referenced_name=upper('hp_customer_temp_rec');
------------------------------------------------------------

檢視備份進度（查詢v$session_longops）
select sid,serial#,context,sofar,totalwork round(sofar/totalwork*100,2) "% Complete",
from v$session_longops
where opname like 'RMAN:%'
and opname NOT LIKE 'RMAN: aggregate%';

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12c 審計
select * from UNIFIED_AUDIT_TRAIL order by event_timestamp desc

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查詢繫結變數值
SELECT SQL_ID,NAME, POSITION, value_string, ANYDATA.accesstimestamp(value_anydata)
  From gV$sql_Bind_Capture A
 Where sql_id='aqfcs7drzzcfw';