Linux下oracle庫自啟動

步驟：

1.修改/etc/oratab引數值，如下紅字所示

[root@Vaxph49 etc]# vi oratab 

#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.


# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME::
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively.  The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
orcl:/apps/oracle/product/10.2.0:Y

2.修改$ORACLE_HOME下bin目錄下的dbstart引數，如下紅體字部分

[oracle@Vaxph49 bin]$ vi dbstart 


#!/bin/sh
#
# $Id: dbstart.sh.pp /st_buildtools_10.2/4 2009/01/30 14:18:48 jboyce Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.
#


###################################
#
# usage: dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used to start ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY be executed as part of the system boot procedure.
#
# This script will start all databases listed in the oratab file
# whose third field is a "Y".  If the third field is set to "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (the first field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
#
# This script requires that ASM ORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do not start with a +.
#
# If ASM instances are to be started with this script, it cannot
# be used inside an rc*.d directory, and should be invoked from
# rc.local only. Otherwise, the CSS service may not be available
# yet, and this script will block init from completing the boot
# cycle.
#
# If you want dbstart to auto-start a single-instance database that uses
# an ASM server that is auto-started by CRS (this is the default behavior
# for an ASM cluster), you must change the database's ORATAB entry to use
# a third field of "W" and the ASM's ORATAB entry to use a third field of "N".
# These values specify that dbstart auto-starts the database only after
# the ASM instance is up and running.
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
#
# The progress log for each instance bringup plus Error and Warning message[s]
# are logged in file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log. The error messages related to
# instance bringup are also logged to syslog (system log module).
# The Listener log is located at $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
#
# To configure:
# 1) Set ORATAB:
#    On Solaris
#      ORATAB=/var/opt/oracle/oratab
#    All other UNIX platforms
#      ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# 2) Update $ORATAB/oratab with Database Instances that need to be started up.
#    Entries are of the form:
#    $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME::
#    An example entry:
#    main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
# Overall algorithm:
# 1) Bring up all ASM instances with 'Y' entry in status field in oratab entry
# 2) Bring up all Database instances with 'Y' entry in status field in
#    oratab entry
# 3) If there are Database instances with 'W' entry in status field
#    then
#      iterate over all ASM instances (irrespective of 'Y' or 'N') AND
#      wait for all of them to be started
#    fi
# 4) Bring up all Database instances with 'W' entry in status field in
#    oratab entry
#
#####################################
LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "


trap 'exit' 1 2 3


# for script tracing
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
    T) set -x ;;
esac


# Set path if path not set (if called from /etc/rc)
case $PATH in
    "") PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc
        export PATH ;;
esac
# Save LD_LIBRARY_PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH


# First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
  echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener"
  echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
  LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log


  # Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
  # a different ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
  export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER


  # Start Oracle Net Listener
  if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
    echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1
    $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 &
    export VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTL for " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1`
  else
    echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listener using $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
  fi
fi


# Set this in accordance with the platform


ORATAB=/etc/oratab


if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
  echo "Set ORATAB to dir where oratab file is located"
  exit 1;
fi


# Checks Version Mismatch between Listener and Database Instance.
# A version 10 listener is required for an Oracle Database 10g database.
# Previous versions of the listener are not supported for use with an Oracle
# Database 10g database. However, it is possible to use a version 10 listener
# with previous versions of the Oracle database.
checkversionmismatch() {
  if [ $VER10LIST ] ; then
    VER10INST=`sqlplus -V | grep "Release " | cut -d' ' -f3 | cut -d'.' -f1`
    case $VER10INST in
      "10")
      if [ $VER10LIST != "10" ] ; then
        $LOGMSG "Warning: Version 10 listener is required for Oracle Database 10g"
        $LOGMSG "Version $VER10LIST for Listener is NOT supported with Database version $VER10INST"
        $LOGMSG "Restart Oracle Net Listener using an alternate ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER: lsnrctl start"
      fi
      ;;
      *) ;;
    esac
  fi
}


# Starts a Database Instance
startinst() {
  # Called programs use same database ID
  export ORACLE_SID


  # Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH and export.
  PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/etc ; export PATH
  # add for bug # 652997
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${SAVE_LLP}:${ORACLE_HOME}/lib ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
  PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
  SPFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.ora
  SPFILE1=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile.ora


  echo ""
  echo "$0: Starting up database \"$ORACLE_SID\""
  date
  echo ""


  checkversionmismatch


  # See if it is a V6 or V7 database
  VERSION=undef
  if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
    SQLDBA=sqldba
    VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
      /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
      print V[1]}'`
    case $VERSION in
      "6") ;;
      *) VERSION="internal" ;;
    esac
  else
    if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
      SQLDBA=svrmgrl
"dbstart" 467L, 14146C written                                                 
[oracle@Vaxph49 bin]$ 

3.修改/etc/rc.local引數，修改部分如下述紅體字所示

~
[root@Vaxph49 etc]# vi rc.local 


#!/bin/sh
#
# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.
# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't
# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.


touch /var/lock/subsys/local
su - oracle -c"/apps/oracle/product/10.2.0/bin/dbstart"
su - oracle -c"/apps/oracle/product/10.2.0/bin/emctl start dbconsole"
~
~

4.重啟即可自動啟動資料庫


解釋：

/etc/oratab 由root.sh 指令碼建立，在用DBCA 建立例項時也會更新這個檔案。

當$ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME: 設定為Y時，允許例項自啟動，當設定為N時，則不允許自啟動。 這個檔案裡的配置僅僅起一個開關的作用，其並不會具體的執行啟動和關閉，具體的操作由$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart和dbshut 指令碼來實現。 這2個指令碼在執行時會檢查/etc/oratab 檔案裡的配置，為Y時才能繼續執行。