DBA經常需要使用資料泵作一些資料的匯入匯出操作,為此本人編寫了基於資料庫使用者匯入匯出操作的shell指令碼。
丟到伺服器上，直接執行指令碼，方便日常操作。同時開發人員也可以按照提示完成資料匯入匯出操作。（此指令碼應用於IBM? AIX作業系統，所以使用Korn Shell指令碼語法編寫，指令碼內容在此文章附錄）

本章介紹匯出資料指令碼

1. 上傳指令碼檔案expUser_test.ksh到源資料庫伺服器oracle使用者目錄下

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ ls –trl

-rwxr-x--- 1 oracle oinstall 2760 Jul 1 23:45 expUser_test.ksh

2.修改expUser_test.ksh檔案所屬使用者並授予執行許可權

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ su

Password:

[root@ENMOEDU oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall expUser_test.ksh

[root@ENMOEDU oracle]# chmod 770 expUser_test.ksh

[root@ENMOEDU oracle]# su - oracle

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ ll expUser_test.ksh

-rwxrwx--- 1 oracle oinstall 2760 Jul 1 23:45 expUser_test.ksh

3.執行匯出指令碼

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ ksh

$ ./expUser_test.ksh ---執行指令碼

USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESPACE

------------------------------------------------------------

ESO ESO_TS1

T1 TEST1

TEST TEST_SPACE

SCOTT USERS

---以上資訊顯示資料庫所有使用者與所屬表空間

Please specify the username to export

Enter value for username: ESO ----輸入需要匯出的使用者名稱

Username:ESO

estimate export messages...

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 2 11:43:56 2014

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": "/******** AS SYSDBA" ESTIMATE_ONLY=yes schemas=ESO

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. estimated "ESO"."PUB_ONLINE_HIST" 7 MB

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 7 MB

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 11:44:02

DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SHARE_DIR /bidpro

MY_DIR /home/oracle/dmp

---以上顯示資料庫所有目錄資訊

Choose a Directory Name from the list above (case-sensitive).

Enter value for directory_name[DATA_PUMP_DIR]: MY_DIR ---輸入匯出檔案目錄

Directory name :MY_DIR /home/oracle/dmp

Please specify the prefix of the dump file (.dmp) to export

Enter value for file_name[ESO20140702]: ---回車生成預設檔名

File name: ESO20140702.dmp

starting export data...

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 2 11:47:25 2014

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": "/******** AS SYSDBA" dumpfile=ESO20140702.dmp logfile=ESO20140702.log DIRECTORY=MY_DIR schemas=ESO COMPRESSION=all

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 7 MB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "ESO"."PUB_ONLINE_HIST" 1.277 MB 31860 rows

Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/oracle/dmp/ESO20140702.dmp ---匯出完成顯示dmp檔案目錄

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 11:47:57

注：指令碼為按資料庫使用者匯出與匯入。目標資料庫使用者名稱與對應表空間名，必須與源資料庫使用者名稱與對應表空間名相同。

附錄：

expUser_test.ksh

#This shell for export database user

#@Jianjin

#export ORACLE_SID=enmo

#export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

#export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

#export NLS_LANG=American_America.ZHS16CGB231280

#export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

#date format

DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d"`

#select all user

users=`sqlplus -S / as sysdba <

set linesize 300 heading on feedback off pagesize 100

col username for a30

col default_tablespace for a30

select username,default_tablespace from dba_users;

exit

EOF`

#show user list form sqlplus

echo $users|awk '{size=split($0,a," ")

for(i=1;i<=size-1;i=i+2){

printf("%-30s", a[i])

printf("%-30s\n", a[i+1])

if (i==(size-1))

printf("\n")

}}'

#input user

echo -ne "\nPlease specify the username to export\n\n"

read username?"Enter value for username: "

echo "Username:"$username

#

if [[ $username = "" ]];then

echo "database username is null"

exit

fi

#estimate total size of exp dump file

echo "estimate export messages..."

expdp \'/ as sysdba\' ESTIMATE_ONLY=yes schemas=$username

#find directory path

result=`sqlplus -S / as sysdba <

set linesize 300 heading on feedback off pagesize 100

col directory_path for a90

col directory_name for a40

select directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories;

exit

EOF`

#show directory list from sqlplus

echo $result|awk '{size=split($0,a," ")

for(i=1;i<=size-1;i=i+2){

printf("%-40s", a[i])

printf("%-90s\n", a[i+1])

if (i==(size-1))

printf("\n")

}}'

#input directory_name

echo -ne "Choose a Directory Name from the list above (case-sensitive).\n\n"

read directory?"Enter value for directory_name[DATA_PUMP_DIR]: "

#["$directory" -eq ""] && echo "you do not input the directory name for export data file. " && exit 0

#show directory

directory=${directory:-"DATA_PUMP_DIR"}

#find directory path by directory name from sqlplus

dpath=`sqlplus -S / as sysdba <

set linesize 300 heading off feedback off pagesize 0

col directory_path for a90

col directory_name for a40

select directory_path from dba_directories where directory_name='$directory';

exit

EOF`

echo "Directory name :"$directory" "$dpath

#input filename

echo -ne "\nPlease specify the prefix of the dump file (.dmp) to export\n\n"

read filename?"Enter value for file_name[$username$DATE]: "

filename=${filename:-"$username$DATE"}

#show filename

echo "File name:" $filename.dmp

#start run expdp

echo -ne "\nstarting export data...\n"

expdp \'/ as sysdba\' dumpfile=$filename.dmp logfile=$filename.log DIRECTORY=$directory schemas=$username COMPRESSION=all

DBA_建瑾
2014.7.5

資料匯出shell指令碼(上）

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