DBA經常需要使用資料泵作一些資料的匯入匯出操作,為此本人編寫了基於資料庫使用者匯入匯出操作的shell指令碼。
丟到伺服器上，直接執行指令碼，方便日常操作。同時開發人員也可以按照提示完成資料匯入匯出操作。（此指令碼應用於IBM? AIX作業系統，所以使用Korn Shell指令碼語法編寫，指令碼內容在此文章附錄）

本章介紹匯入資料指令碼

1.上傳指令碼檔案impUser_test.ksh到目標資料庫伺服器oracle使用者目錄下

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ ls –trl

-rwxrwx--- 1 oracle oinstall 3200 Jul 2 00:26 impUser_test.ksh

2.修改指令碼所屬使用者並增加執行許可權

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ su

Password:

[root@ENMOEDU oracle]# chown oracle:oinstall impUser_test.ksh

[root@ENMOEDU oracle]# chmod 770 impUser_test.ksh

[root@ENMOEDU oracle]# su - oracle

3.執行匯入指令碼

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ ksh

$ ./impUser_test.ksh ---執行指令碼

USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESPACE

------------------------------------------------------------

ESO27 ESO_TS1

TEST TEST_SPACE

SCOTT USERS

---以上資訊顯示資料庫所有使用者與所屬表空間

Please specify the username to export

Enter value for username: ESO27 ---輸入匯入使用者名稱

Username:ESO27

DIRECTORY_NAME DIRECTORY_PATH

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SHARE_DIR /bidpro

MY_DIR /home/oracle/dmp

DATA_PUMP_DIR /u01/app/oracle/admin/enmo/dpdump/

---以上顯示資料庫所有目錄資訊

Choose a Directory Name from the list above (case-sensitive).

Enter value for directory_name[DATA_PUMP_DIR]: MY_DIR ---輸入dmp檔案目錄

MY_DIR:/home/oracle/dmp ---注：一定要把dmp檔案放在此目錄

Please specify the prefix of the dump file (.dmp) to import

Enter value for filename[ESO20140702]: ---輸入dmp檔名

File name:ESO20140702.dmp

starting backup old data...

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 2 14:14:31 2014

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": "/******** AS SYSDBA" dumpfile=backup_ESO20140702.dmp logfile=backup_ESO20140702.log DIRECTORY=MY_DIR schemas=ESO27 compression=all

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 7 MB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported "ESO27"."PUB_ONLINE_HIST" 1.277 MB 31860 rows

Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/home/oracle/dmp/backup_ESO2720140702.dmp ---在匯入之前備份原有資料

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 14:15:07

Continue the import[y or n]: y ---是否執行匯入操作

starting import new data...

Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jul 2 14:17:07 2014

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02": "/******** AS SYSDBA" dumpfile=ESO20140702.dmp logfile=ESO20140702.log DIRECTORY=MY_DIR table_exists_action=replace remap_schema=ESO7:ESO27

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

ORA-31684: Object type USER:"ESO27" already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported "ESO27"."PUB_ONLINE_HIST" 1.277 MB 31860 rows

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Job "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" completed with 1 error(s) at 14:17:16

end for import data. ---匯入完成

注：指令碼為按資料庫使用者匯出與匯入。目標資料庫使用者名稱與對應表空間名，必須與源資料庫使用者名稱與對應表空間名相同。

附錄：

impUser_test.ksh
#This shell for import database user
#@Jianjin
#export ORACLE_SID=enmo
#export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
#export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
#export NLS_LANG=American_America.ZHS16CGB231280
#export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
#date format
DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d"`
#select all user
users=`sqlplus -S / as sysdba <
set linesize 300 heading on feedback off pagesize 100
col username for a30
col default_tablespace for a30
select username,default_tablespace from dba_users;
exit
EOF`
#show user list form sqlplus
echo $users|awk '{size=split($0,a," ")
for(i=1;i<=size-1;i=i+2){
printf("%-30s", a[i])
printf("%-30s\n", a[i+1])
if (i==(size-1))
printf("\n")
}}'
#input user
echo -ne "\nPlease specify the username to export\n\n"
read username?"Enter value for username: "
echo "Username:"$username
if [[ $username = "" ]];then
echo "database username is null"
exit
fi
#find directory path
result=`sqlplus -S / as sysdba <
set linesize 300 heading on feedback off pagesize 100
col directory_path for a90
col directory_name for a40
select directory_name,directory_path from dba_directories;
exit
EOF`
#show directory list from sqlplus
echo $result|awk '{size=split($0,a," ")
for(i=1;i<=size-1;i=i+2){
printf("%-40s", a[i])
printf("%-90s\n", a[i+1])
if (i==(size-1))
printf("\n")
}}'
#input directory_name
echo -ne "Choose a Directory Name from the list above (case-sensitive).\n\n"
read directory?"Enter value for directory_name[DATA_PUMP_DIR]: "
directory=${directory:-"DATA_PUMP_DIR"}
#find directory path by directory name from sqlplus
dpath=`sqlplus -S / as sysdba <
set linesize 300 heading off feedback off pagesize 0
col directory_path for a90
col directory_name for a40
select directory_path from dba_directories where directory_name='$directory';
exit
EOF`
#show directory
#$path=${path/%s/\/\//\//g}
#$path=$dpath/
echo $directory:$dpath
#input filename
echo -ne "\nPlease specify the prefix of the dump file (.dmp) to import\n\n"
read filename?"Enter value for filename[$username$DATE]: "
filename=${filename:-"$username$DATE"}
#show filename
echo "File name:"$filename.dmp
#test file exist
if test -e $dpath/$filename.dmp
#if import file is exist
then
#backup old data
echo -ne "\nstarting backup old data...\n"
expdp \'/ as sysdba\' dumpfile=backup_$username$DATE.dmp logfile=backup_$username$DATE.log DIRECTORY=$directory schemas=$username compression=all
#
# echo "Press enter to continue the import:"
#while read answer;do
# if [ -z "$answer" ];then
# echo 'you hit enter'
# break
# fi
#done
read key?" Continue the import[y or n]: "
if [[ $key = "n" ]];then
echo "You interrupted the import operation"
exit
fi
#import new data
echo -ne "\nstarting import new data...\n"
impdp \'/ as sysdba\' dumpfile=$filename.dmp logfile=$filename.log DIRECTORY=$directory table_exists_action=replace remap_schema=$username:$username
echo "end for import data."
#if import file is not exist
else
echo "$dpath/$filename.dmp file is not exist!"
fi

DBA_建瑾
2014.7.12

資料匯入shell指令碼(下）

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