fdisk 磁碟裝置檢視分割槽資訊

fdisk m 檢視操作指令的幫助資訊

p 列表檢視分割槽資訊

n 新建分割槽

d 刪除分割槽

t 變更分割槽型別

w 儲存分割槽設定並退出

q 放棄分割槽設定並退出

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(1)fdisk只能建立3個主分割槽和一個擴充套件分割槽.

[root@weblogic dev]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,

until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous

content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): m --->列出所有幫助

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m print this menu

n add a new partition

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table

q quit without saving changes

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit

x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n --->輸入n新建分割槽

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

p --->輸入p建立主分割槽

Partition number (1-4): 1 --->輸入分割槽編號1，最多為4個編號

First cylinder (1-261, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-261, default 261): +1000M

Command (m for help): p -->輸入p，列出分割槽

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

e --->輸入e，簡歷擴充套件分割槽

Partition number (1-4): 1 --->其中不能輸入1了，因為已經重複了

Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it.

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

e --->輸入e，簡歷擴充套件分割槽

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (124-261, default 124):

Using default value 124

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124-261, default 261): +600M

Command (m for help): p -->輸入p，列出分割槽

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended

Command (m for help): n

Command action

l logical (5 or over)

p primary partition (1-4)

l

First cylinder (124-197, default 124):

Using default value 124

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124-197, default 197): +400M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended

/dev/sdb5 124 173 401593+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): n

Command action

l logical (5 or over)

p primary partition (1-4)

l

First cylinder (174-197, default 174):

Using default value 174

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (174-197, default 197):

Using default value 197

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended

/dev/sdb5 124 173 401593+ 83 Linux

/dev/sdb6 174 197 192748+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): n

Command action

l logical (5 or over)

p primary partition (1-4)

p

Partition number (1-4): 3 --->建立最後一個分割槽3

First cylinder (198-261, default 198):

Using default value 198

Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (198-261, default 261):

Using default value 261

Command (m for help): p -->輸入p，列出分割槽

Disk /dev/sdb: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 261 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 123 987966 83 Linux

/dev/sdb2 124 197 594405 5 Extended

/dev/sdb3 198 261 514080 83 Linux

/dev/sdb5 124 173 401593+ 83 Linux

/dev/sdb6 174 197 192748+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w --->w儲存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

---=====================================================

(3)格式化分割槽

mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1

mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb5

---=====================================================

(4)為swap增加空間

[root@weblogic ~]# mkswap /dev/sdb5 --->格式化交換分割槽

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 411226 kB

[root@weblogic ~]# free -m

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 1470 393 1076 0 33 272

-/+ buffers/cache: 87 1382

Swap: 2000 0 2000

[root@weblogic ~]# swapon /dev/sdb5 --->啟用交換分割槽

[root@weblogic ~]# free -m

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 1470 393 1076 0 33 272

-/+ buffers/cache: 87 1382

Swap: 2392 0 2392

[root@weblogic ~]# swapoff /dev/sdb5 --->停用交換分割槽

[root@weblogic ~]# free -m

total used free shared buffers cached

Mem: 1470 393 1076 0 33 272

-/+ buffers/cache: 87 1382

Swap: 2000 0 2000

---===================================================

(5)掛載，解除安裝檔案系統

mount [-t] 儲存裝置掛載點目錄

mount -o loop iso映象檔案掛載點目錄

unmount

mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 /disk1

mount /dev/sdb5 /disk2

mount 顯示所有mount的目錄

光碟的掛載:

mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom & mount /dev/cdrom /disk4

映象檔案的掛載：

mount -o loop 映象 /disk5

---======================================================

(6)配置檔案系統自動掛載

系統掛載配置檔案主要讀取 /etc/fstab,

倒數第二列，表示是否需要轉儲，0表示不需要。倒數第一列，表示是否要檢測，0表示不需要。

[root@weblogic ~]# more /etc/fstab

LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1

LABEL=/u01 /u01 ext3 defaults 1 2

LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

LABEL=SWAP-sda3 swap swap defaults 0 0

/dev/sdb1 /disk1 ext3 defaults 0 0

/dev/sdb3 /disk2 ext3 defaults 0 0

linux磁碟和檔案系統

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