oracle 管理常用命令
第一章:日誌管理
1.forcing log switches
sql> alter system switch logfile;
2.forcing checkpoints
sql> alter system checkpoint;
3.adding online redo log groups
sql> alter database add logfile [group 4]
sql> ('/disk3/log4a.rdo','/disk4/log4b.rdo') size 1m;
4.adding online redo log members
sql> alter database add logfile member
sql> '/disk3/log1b.rdo' to group 1,
sql> '/disk4/log2b.rdo' to group 2;
5.changes the name of the online redo logfile
sql> alter database rename file 'c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log'
sql> to 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log';
6.drop online redo log groups
sql> alter database drop logfile group 3;
7.drop online redo log members
sql> alter database drop logfile member 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log';
8.clearing online redo log files
sql> alter database clear [unarchived] logfile 'c:/oracle/log2a.rdo';
9.using logminer analyzing redo logfiles
a. in the init.ora specify utl_file_dir = ' '
b. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('oradb.ora','c:oracleoradblog');
c. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile('c:oracleoradataoradbredo01.log',
sql> dbms_logmnr.new);
d. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('c:oracleoradataoradbredo02.log',
sql> dbms_logmnr.addfile);
e. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=>'c:oracleoradblogoradb.ora');
f. sql> select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary,v$logmnr_parameters
sql> v$logmnr_logs);
g. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr;
第二章:表空間管理
1.create tablespaces
sql> create tablespace tablespace_name datafile 'c:oracleoradatafile1.dbf' size 100m,
sql> 'c:oracleoradatafile2.dbf' size 100m minimum extent 550k [logging/nologging]
sql> default storage (initial 500k next 500k maxextents 500 pctinccease 0)
sql> [online/offline] [permanent/temporary] [extent_management_clause]
2.locally managed tablespace
sql> create tablespace user_data datafile 'c:oracleoradatauser_data01.dbf'
sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m;
3.temporary tablespace
sql> create temporary tablespace temp tempfile 'c:oracleoradatatemp01.dbf'
sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m;
4.change the storage setting
sql> alter tablespace app_data minimum extent 2m;
sql> alter tablespace app_data default storage(initial 2m next 2m maxextents 999);
5.taking tablespace offline or online
sql> alter tablespace app_data offline;
sql> alter tablespace app_data online;
6.read_only tablespace
sql> alter tablespace app_data read only|write;
7.droping tablespace
sql> drop tablespace app_data including contents;
8.enableing automatic extension of data files
sql> alter tablespace app_data add datafile 'c:oracleoradataapp_data01.dbf'size 200m
sql> autoextend on next 10m maxsize 500m;
9.change the size fo data files manually
sql> alter database datafile 'c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf'resize 200m;
10.Moving data files: alter tablespace
sql> alter tablespace app_data rename datafile 'c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf'
sql> to 'c:oracleapp_data.dbf';
11.moving data files:alter database
sql> alter database rename file 'c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf'
sql> to 'c:oracleapp_data.dbf';
第三章:表
1.create a table
sql> create table table_name (column datatype,column datatype]....)
sql> tablespace tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [pctused integer]
sql> [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]
sql> storage(initial 200k next 200k pctincrease 0 maxextents 50)
sql> [logging|nologging] [cache|nocache]
2.copy an existing table
sql> create table table_name [logging|nologging] as subquery
3.create temporary table
sql> create global temporary table xay_temp as select * from xay;
on commit preserve rows/on commit delete rows
4.pctfree = (average row size - initial row size) *100 /average row size
pctused = 100-pctfree- (average row size*100/available data space)
5.change storage and block utilization parameter
sql> alter table table_name pctfree=30 pctused=50 storage(next 500k
sql> minextents 2 maxextents 100);
6.manually allocating extents
sql> alter table table_name allocate extent(size 500k datafile 'c:/oracle/data.dbf');
7.move tablespace
sql> alter table employee move tablespace users;
8.deallocate of unused space
sql> alter table table_name deallocate unused [keep integer]
9.truncate a table
sql> truncate table table_name;
10.drop a table
sql> drop table table_name [cascade constraints];
11.drop a column
sql> alter table table_name drop column comments cascade constraints checkpoint 1000;
alter table table_name drop columns continue;
12.mark a column as unused
sql> alter table table_name set unused column comments cascade constraints;
alter table table_name drop unused columns checkpoint 1000;
alter table orders drop columns continue checkpoint 1000
data_dictionary : dba_unused_col_tabs
--分析表
analyze table mzbs.db_code ESTIMATE STATISTICS SAMPLE 20 PERCENT;
--表空間管理和使用者管理
--檢視錶空間和資料檔案
select file_name,tablespace_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files;
--資料表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE USER_DATA
LOGGING
DATAFILE D:ORACLEORADATAORCL est.DBF SIZE 50m REUSE ,
c:USERS01112.DBF SIZE 50m REUSE
AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE 16383M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
--修改表空間資料檔案的路徑
ALTER TABLESPACE app_data
RENAME
DATAFILE /DISK4/app_data_01.dbf
TO /DISK5/app_data_01.dbf;
ALTER DATABASE
RENAME FILE /DISK1/system_01.dbf
TO /DISK2/system_01.dbf;
--臨時表空間
CREATE TEMPORARY
TABLESPACE USER_DATA_TEMP TEMPFILE D:TEMP0111.DBF
SIZE 50M REUSE AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 1024K MAXSIZE 16383M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM
SIZE 1024K
--增加資料檔案
ALTER TABLESPACE USER_DATA
ADD DATAFILE c:USERS01113.DBF SIZE 50M;
ALTER TABLESPACE USER_DATA
ADD DATAFILE c:USERS01114.DBF SIZE 50M
AUTOEXTEND ON
;
--刪除表空間
DROP TABLESPACE USER_DATA INCLUDING CONTENTS;
--修改表空間的儲存引數
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespacename
MINIMUM EXTENT 2M;
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespacename
DEFAULT STORAGE (
INITIAL 2M
NEXT 2M
MAXEXTENTS 999 );
--表空間聯機/離線/只讀
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespacename OFFLINE/ONLINE/READ ONLY;
--修改資料檔案大小
ALTER DATABASE
DATAFILE c:USERS01113.DBF RESIZE 40M;
--建立使用者、賦予許可權
CREATE USER USER_DATA PROFILE DEFAULT IDENTIFIED BY USER_DATA
DEFAULT
TABLESPACE USER_DATA TEMPORARY
TABLESPACE USER_DATA ACCOUNT UNLOCK;
GRANT CONNECT TO USER_DATA;
GRANT RESOURCE TO USER_DATA;
3、表的管理
--建立表
CREAE TABLE TABLENAME
(COLUMN1 COLUTYPE DEFAULT(VALUE) NOT NULL)
(COLUMN2 COLUTYPE DEFAULT(VALUE) NOT NULL);
--建表的索引儲存分配
CREATE TABLE summit.employee(id NUMBER(7) CONSTRAINT employee_id_pk PRIMARY KEY DEFERRABLE USING INDEX STORAGE(INITIAL 100K NEXT 100K)
TABLESPACE indx,
last_name VARCHAR2(25) CONSTRAINT employee_last_name_nn NOT NULL,
dept_id NUMBER(7))
TABLESPACE data;
--修改表的儲存分配
ALTER TABLE tablename
PCTFREE 30
PCTUSED 50
STORAGE(NEXT 500K
MINEXTENTS 2
MAXEXTENTS 100);
ALTER TABLE tablename
ALLOCATE EXTENT(SIZE 500K
DATAFILE /DISK3/DATA01.DBF);
--把表移到另一個表空間
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME MOVE TABLESPACE TABLESPACENAME;
--回收空閒的空間(回收到High-water mark)
全部回收需要TRUNCATE TABLE tablename
ALTER TABLE tablename
DEALLOCATE UNUSED;
--刪除表(連同所用constraint)
DROP TABLE tablename
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
--給表增加列
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME
ADD COLUMN COLUTYPE DEFAULT(VALUE) NOT NULL;
--刪除表中的列
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP COLUMN columnname;
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP COLUMN columnname
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS CHECKPOINT 1000;
--標記列不可用
ALTER TABLE tablename
SET UNUSED COLUMN columnname
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
--刪除標記為不可用的列
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP UNUSED COLUMNS CHECKPOINT 1000;
--繼續刪除列選項
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP COLUMNS CONTINUE CHECKPOINT 1000;
--把表放到BUFFER_POOL中去
ALTER TABLE tablename
STORAGE (BUFFER_POOL RECYCLE);
--避免動態分配EXTENT
ALTER TABLE tablename ALLOCATE EXTENT;
--把表放到CACHE中去
ALTER TABLE tablename ALLOCATE CACHE/NOCACHE;
4、索引管理
--建立索引
CREATE INDEX indexname ON TABLENAME(COLUMNNAME);
CREATE INDEX indexname ON TABLENAME(COLUMNNAME) TABLESPACE TABLESPACENAME;
--重新建立索引
ALTER INDEX indexname REBUILD TABLESPACE TABLESPACE;
--索引分配引數
ALTER INDEX indexname
STORAGE(NEXT 400K
MAXEXTENTS 100);
--釋放索引空間
ALTER INDEX indexname
ALLOCATE EXTENT (SIZE 200K
DATAFILE /DISK6/indx01.dbf);
ALTER INDEX indexname
DEALLOCATE UNUSED;
--重新整理索引表空間碎片
ALTER INDEX indexname COALESCE;
--刪除索引
DROP INDEX indexname
--把索引放到BUFFER_POOL中
ALTER INDEX cust_name_idx
REBUILD
STORAGE (BUFFER_POOL KEEP);
5、約束管理
--建立主鍵
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME
ADD CONSTRAINT CONSTRAINTNAME PRIMARY KEY(COLUMN1,COLUMN2)
--使約束無效
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME ENABLE NOVALIDATE CONSTRAINT constraintname;
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME ENABLE VALIDATE CONSTRAINT constraintname;
--刪除約束
ALTER TABLE tablename DROP CONSTRAINT constraintname;
DROP TABLE tablename CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;(刪除表後將所用的外來鍵刪除)
--給列增加預設值
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME
MODIFY columnname DEFAULT(value) NOT NULL;
--給表增加外來鍵
ALTER TABLE tablename
ADD CONSTRAINT constraintname
FOREIGN KEY(column) REFERENCES table1name(column1);
6、安全策略
--加密傳輸
把客戶端環境變數ora_encrypt_login設為true
把伺服器端引數dblink_encypt_login設為true
--資料庫管理員安全策略
a、建庫後立即修改SYS/SYSTEM的口令(9.2後必須修改其口令)
b、只有資料庫管理員才能以SYSDBA登入系統
c、建立不同角色的管理員,分配不同的許可權
比如:物件建立於維護
資料庫的調整與維護
建立使用者分配角色
啟動關閉
恢復備份
--應用開發者的安全策略
a、開發者的特權只能在測試開發的資料庫中賦予許可權
b、自由開發者、受控開發者
自由開發者:create tableindexprocedurepackage
受控開發者:沒有以上許可權
7、日誌檔案管理
--切換日誌檔案
ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
--增加日誌檔案
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE
(/DISK3/log3a.rdo,
/DISK4/log3b.rdo) size 1M;
--增加日誌成員
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER
/DISK4/log1b.rdo TO GROUP 1
/DISK4/log2b.rdo TO GROUP 2;
--刪除日誌檔案
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE GROUP 3;
--刪除日誌成員
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER /DISK4/log2b.dbf;
--清除日誌檔案內容
ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE /DISK3/log2a.rdo;[@more@]
1.forcing log switches
sql> alter system switch logfile;
2.forcing checkpoints
sql> alter system checkpoint;
3.adding online redo log groups
sql> alter database add logfile [group 4]
sql> ('/disk3/log4a.rdo','/disk4/log4b.rdo') size 1m;
4.adding online redo log members
sql> alter database add logfile member
sql> '/disk3/log1b.rdo' to group 1,
sql> '/disk4/log2b.rdo' to group 2;
5.changes the name of the online redo logfile
sql> alter database rename file 'c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo01.log'
sql> to 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log';
6.drop online redo log groups
sql> alter database drop logfile group 3;
7.drop online redo log members
sql> alter database drop logfile member 'c:/oracle/oradata/redo01.log';
8.clearing online redo log files
sql> alter database clear [unarchived] logfile 'c:/oracle/log2a.rdo';
9.using logminer analyzing redo logfiles
a. in the init.ora specify utl_file_dir = ' '
b. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d.build('oradb.ora','c:oracleoradblog');
c. sql> execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile('c:oracleoradataoradbredo01.log',
sql> dbms_logmnr.new);
d. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.add_logfile('c:oracleoradataoradbredo02.log',
sql> dbms_logmnr.addfile);
e. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.start_logmnr(dictfilename=>'c:oracleoradblogoradb.ora');
f. sql> select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary,v$logmnr_parameters
sql> v$logmnr_logs);
g. sql> execute dbms_logmnr.end_logmnr;
第二章:表空間管理
1.create tablespaces
sql> create tablespace tablespace_name datafile 'c:oracleoradatafile1.dbf' size 100m,
sql> 'c:oracleoradatafile2.dbf' size 100m minimum extent 550k [logging/nologging]
sql> default storage (initial 500k next 500k maxextents 500 pctinccease 0)
sql> [online/offline] [permanent/temporary] [extent_management_clause]
2.locally managed tablespace
sql> create tablespace user_data datafile 'c:oracleoradatauser_data01.dbf'
sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m;
3.temporary tablespace
sql> create temporary tablespace temp tempfile 'c:oracleoradatatemp01.dbf'
sql> size 500m extent management local uniform size 10m;
4.change the storage setting
sql> alter tablespace app_data minimum extent 2m;
sql> alter tablespace app_data default storage(initial 2m next 2m maxextents 999);
5.taking tablespace offline or online
sql> alter tablespace app_data offline;
sql> alter tablespace app_data online;
6.read_only tablespace
sql> alter tablespace app_data read only|write;
7.droping tablespace
sql> drop tablespace app_data including contents;
8.enableing automatic extension of data files
sql> alter tablespace app_data add datafile 'c:oracleoradataapp_data01.dbf'size 200m
sql> autoextend on next 10m maxsize 500m;
9.change the size fo data files manually
sql> alter database datafile 'c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf'resize 200m;
10.Moving data files: alter tablespace
sql> alter tablespace app_data rename datafile 'c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf'
sql> to 'c:oracleapp_data.dbf';
11.moving data files:alter database
sql> alter database rename file 'c:oracleoradataapp_data.dbf'
sql> to 'c:oracleapp_data.dbf';
第三章:表
1.create a table
sql> create table table_name (column datatype,column datatype]....)
sql> tablespace tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [pctused integer]
sql> [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]
sql> storage(initial 200k next 200k pctincrease 0 maxextents 50)
sql> [logging|nologging] [cache|nocache]
2.copy an existing table
sql> create table table_name [logging|nologging] as subquery
3.create temporary table
sql> create global temporary table xay_temp as select * from xay;
on commit preserve rows/on commit delete rows
4.pctfree = (average row size - initial row size) *100 /average row size
pctused = 100-pctfree- (average row size*100/available data space)
5.change storage and block utilization parameter
sql> alter table table_name pctfree=30 pctused=50 storage(next 500k
sql> minextents 2 maxextents 100);
6.manually allocating extents
sql> alter table table_name allocate extent(size 500k datafile 'c:/oracle/data.dbf');
7.move tablespace
sql> alter table employee move tablespace users;
8.deallocate of unused space
sql> alter table table_name deallocate unused [keep integer]
9.truncate a table
sql> truncate table table_name;
10.drop a table
sql> drop table table_name [cascade constraints];
11.drop a column
sql> alter table table_name drop column comments cascade constraints checkpoint 1000;
alter table table_name drop columns continue;
12.mark a column as unused
sql> alter table table_name set unused column comments cascade constraints;
alter table table_name drop unused columns checkpoint 1000;
alter table orders drop columns continue checkpoint 1000
data_dictionary : dba_unused_col_tabs
--分析表
analyze table mzbs.db_code ESTIMATE STATISTICS SAMPLE 20 PERCENT;
--表空間管理和使用者管理
--檢視錶空間和資料檔案
select file_name,tablespace_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files;
--資料表空間
CREATE TABLESPACE USER_DATA
LOGGING
DATAFILE D:ORACLEORADATAORCL est.DBF SIZE 50m REUSE ,
c:USERS01112.DBF SIZE 50m REUSE
AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 1280K MAXSIZE 16383M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
--修改表空間資料檔案的路徑
ALTER TABLESPACE app_data
RENAME
DATAFILE /DISK4/app_data_01.dbf
TO /DISK5/app_data_01.dbf;
ALTER DATABASE
RENAME FILE /DISK1/system_01.dbf
TO /DISK2/system_01.dbf;
--臨時表空間
CREATE TEMPORARY
TABLESPACE USER_DATA_TEMP TEMPFILE D:TEMP0111.DBF
SIZE 50M REUSE AUTOEXTEND
ON NEXT 1024K MAXSIZE 16383M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM
SIZE 1024K
--增加資料檔案
ALTER TABLESPACE USER_DATA
ADD DATAFILE c:USERS01113.DBF SIZE 50M;
ALTER TABLESPACE USER_DATA
ADD DATAFILE c:USERS01114.DBF SIZE 50M
AUTOEXTEND ON
;
--刪除表空間
DROP TABLESPACE USER_DATA INCLUDING CONTENTS;
--修改表空間的儲存引數
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespacename
MINIMUM EXTENT 2M;
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespacename
DEFAULT STORAGE (
INITIAL 2M
NEXT 2M
MAXEXTENTS 999 );
--表空間聯機/離線/只讀
ALTER TABLESPACE tablespacename OFFLINE/ONLINE/READ ONLY;
--修改資料檔案大小
ALTER DATABASE
DATAFILE c:USERS01113.DBF RESIZE 40M;
--建立使用者、賦予許可權
CREATE USER USER_DATA PROFILE DEFAULT IDENTIFIED BY USER_DATA
DEFAULT
TABLESPACE USER_DATA TEMPORARY
TABLESPACE USER_DATA ACCOUNT UNLOCK;
GRANT CONNECT TO USER_DATA;
GRANT RESOURCE TO USER_DATA;
3、表的管理
--建立表
CREAE TABLE TABLENAME
(COLUMN1 COLUTYPE DEFAULT(VALUE) NOT NULL)
(COLUMN2 COLUTYPE DEFAULT(VALUE) NOT NULL);
--建表的索引儲存分配
CREATE TABLE summit.employee(id NUMBER(7) CONSTRAINT employee_id_pk PRIMARY KEY DEFERRABLE USING INDEX STORAGE(INITIAL 100K NEXT 100K)
TABLESPACE indx,
last_name VARCHAR2(25) CONSTRAINT employee_last_name_nn NOT NULL,
dept_id NUMBER(7))
TABLESPACE data;
--修改表的儲存分配
ALTER TABLE tablename
PCTFREE 30
PCTUSED 50
STORAGE(NEXT 500K
MINEXTENTS 2
MAXEXTENTS 100);
ALTER TABLE tablename
ALLOCATE EXTENT(SIZE 500K
DATAFILE /DISK3/DATA01.DBF);
--把表移到另一個表空間
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME MOVE TABLESPACE TABLESPACENAME;
--回收空閒的空間(回收到High-water mark)
全部回收需要TRUNCATE TABLE tablename
ALTER TABLE tablename
DEALLOCATE UNUSED;
--刪除表(連同所用constraint)
DROP TABLE tablename
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
--給表增加列
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME
ADD COLUMN COLUTYPE DEFAULT(VALUE) NOT NULL;
--刪除表中的列
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP COLUMN columnname;
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP COLUMN columnname
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS CHECKPOINT 1000;
--標記列不可用
ALTER TABLE tablename
SET UNUSED COLUMN columnname
CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;
--刪除標記為不可用的列
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP UNUSED COLUMNS CHECKPOINT 1000;
--繼續刪除列選項
ALTER TABLE tablename
DROP COLUMNS CONTINUE CHECKPOINT 1000;
--把表放到BUFFER_POOL中去
ALTER TABLE tablename
STORAGE (BUFFER_POOL RECYCLE);
--避免動態分配EXTENT
ALTER TABLE tablename ALLOCATE EXTENT;
--把表放到CACHE中去
ALTER TABLE tablename ALLOCATE CACHE/NOCACHE;
4、索引管理
--建立索引
CREATE INDEX indexname ON TABLENAME(COLUMNNAME);
CREATE INDEX indexname ON TABLENAME(COLUMNNAME) TABLESPACE TABLESPACENAME;
--重新建立索引
ALTER INDEX indexname REBUILD TABLESPACE TABLESPACE;
--索引分配引數
ALTER INDEX indexname
STORAGE(NEXT 400K
MAXEXTENTS 100);
--釋放索引空間
ALTER INDEX indexname
ALLOCATE EXTENT (SIZE 200K
DATAFILE /DISK6/indx01.dbf);
ALTER INDEX indexname
DEALLOCATE UNUSED;
--重新整理索引表空間碎片
ALTER INDEX indexname COALESCE;
--刪除索引
DROP INDEX indexname
--把索引放到BUFFER_POOL中
ALTER INDEX cust_name_idx
REBUILD
STORAGE (BUFFER_POOL KEEP);
5、約束管理
--建立主鍵
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME
ADD CONSTRAINT CONSTRAINTNAME PRIMARY KEY(COLUMN1,COLUMN2)
--使約束無效
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME ENABLE NOVALIDATE CONSTRAINT constraintname;
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME ENABLE VALIDATE CONSTRAINT constraintname;
--刪除約束
ALTER TABLE tablename DROP CONSTRAINT constraintname;
DROP TABLE tablename CASCADE CONSTRAINTS;(刪除表後將所用的外來鍵刪除)
--給列增加預設值
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME
MODIFY columnname DEFAULT(value) NOT NULL;
--給表增加外來鍵
ALTER TABLE tablename
ADD CONSTRAINT constraintname
FOREIGN KEY(column) REFERENCES table1name(column1);
6、安全策略
--加密傳輸
把客戶端環境變數ora_encrypt_login設為true
把伺服器端引數dblink_encypt_login設為true
--資料庫管理員安全策略
a、建庫後立即修改SYS/SYSTEM的口令(9.2後必須修改其口令)
b、只有資料庫管理員才能以SYSDBA登入系統
c、建立不同角色的管理員,分配不同的許可權
比如:物件建立於維護
資料庫的調整與維護
建立使用者分配角色
啟動關閉
恢復備份
--應用開發者的安全策略
a、開發者的特權只能在測試開發的資料庫中賦予許可權
b、自由開發者、受控開發者
自由開發者:create tableindexprocedurepackage
受控開發者:沒有以上許可權
7、日誌檔案管理
--切換日誌檔案
ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
--增加日誌檔案
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE
(/DISK3/log3a.rdo,
/DISK4/log3b.rdo) size 1M;
--增加日誌成員
ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER
/DISK4/log1b.rdo TO GROUP 1
/DISK4/log2b.rdo TO GROUP 2;
--刪除日誌檔案
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE GROUP 3;
--刪除日誌成員
ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER /DISK4/log2b.dbf;
--清除日誌檔案內容
ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE /DISK3/log2a.rdo;[@more@]
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ,連結:http://blog.itpub.net/11423276/viewspace-985631/,如需轉載,請註明出處,否則將追究法律責任。
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