MySQL 5.7主從新增新從庫

ywxj_001發表於2020-01-14
MySql
MySQL 主從複製，不停機新增新從節點：
1、主庫建立賬號：
修改主庫repl密碼：
show master status;
alter user repl@'%' identified by '123456';
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'%';
flush privilegs;
2、從庫配置（建立從庫資料庫過程簡略）：
開啟binlog
[root@centos_TP data1]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data1/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
port=3306
server-id =60182
replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=performance_schema.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%
replicate-wild-ignore-table=sys.%
log-bin = /data1/log/mysql-bin
binlog_format = MIXED
skip-slave-start = 1
expire_logs_days=3
#validate_password_policy=0
#validate_password_length=3
relay-log-index=/data1/log/mysql-relay
relay-log=/data1/log/mysql-relay
log-bin=/data1/log/mysql-bin
#log-error=log.err
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data1/log/mysql.err
pid-file=/data1/tmp/mysqld.pid
初始化資料庫：
正常初始化：
[root@centos_TP bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --initialize  --user=mysql
2020-01-14T08:48:27.965207Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-01-14T08:48:28.175008Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-01-14T08:48:28.270192Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a2408f8d-36aa-11ea-a1c6-00505695cefc.
2020-01-14T08:48:28.273709Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-01-14T08:48:28.278708Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (,%E6LnwWrrq
指定初始化配置檔案：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf  --initialize  --user=mysql
#開啟資料庫
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
#登入資料庫，修改root密碼
mysql -p
之前初始化的密碼
set sql_log_bin=0;
mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by '123456';
mysql>flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin=1;
增加root遠端登入使用者：
mysql> create user root@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%';
mysql> flush privileges;
#建立slave賬號
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repl'@'%' identified by '123456';
#在slave節點上執行
mysql> set global read_only=1;
#由於從庫隨時會提升成主庫，不能寫在配置檔案裡
3、備份主庫：
[root@localhost dbdata]# mysqldump -uroot -p --routines --single_transaction --master-data=2 -B cat qc_bh > all.sql
引數說明：
--routines：匯出儲存過程和函式
--single_transaction：匯出開始時設定事務隔離狀態，並使用一致性快照開始事務，然後unlock tables;而lock-tables是鎖住一張表不能寫操作，直到dump完畢。
--master-data：預設等於1，將dump起始（change master to）binlog點和pos值寫到結果中，等於2是將change master to寫到結果中並註釋。
4、從庫建立資料庫，並匯入資料
將dump的資料複製到從庫後開始導資料
mysql>
create database  cat;
create database  qc_bh;
mysql> source /data1/all.sql
...
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
5、檢視備份檔案的binlog 和 pos值
[root@centos_TP data1]# head -25 all.sql
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.7.20, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost    Database: cat
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version       5.7.20-log
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
--
-- Position to start replication or point-in-time recovery from
--
-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000037', MASTER_LOG_POS=621697642;
--
-- Current Database: `cat`
可以看到 MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000037', MASTER_LOG_POS= 621697642 ;
6、啟動從庫
mysql> change master to
   -> master_host='192.168.60.181',
   -> master_user='repl',
   -> master_password='123456',
   -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000037',
   -> master_log_pos=621697642;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
              Slave_IO_State: Queueing master event to the relay log
                 Master_Host: 192.168.60.181
                 Master_User: repl
                 Master_Port: 3306
               Connect_Retry: 60
             Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000037
         Read_Master_Log_Pos: 677960018
              Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay.000002
               Relay_Log_Pos: 24887
       Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000037
            Slave_IO_Running: Yes
           Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
             Replicate_Do_DB:
         Replicate_Ignore_DB:
          Replicate_Do_Table:
      Replicate_Ignore_Table:
     Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
 Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%,performance_schema.%,information_schema.%,sys.%
                  Last_Errno: 0
                  Last_Error:
                Skip_Counter: 0
         Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 621722209
             Relay_Log_Space: 56262899
             Until_Condition: None
              Until_Log_File:
               Until_Log_Pos: 0
          Master_SSL_Allowed: No
          Master_SSL_CA_File:
          Master_SSL_CA_Path:
             Master_SSL_Cert:
           Master_SSL_Cipher:
              Master_SSL_Key:
       Seconds_Behind_Master: 6606
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
               Last_IO_Errno: 0
               Last_IO_Error:
              Last_SQL_Errno: 0
              Last_SQL_Error:
 Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
            Master_Server_Id: 60181
                 Master_UUID: a524c954-c8a8-11e9-8082-00505697e9db
            Master_Info_File: /data1/data/master.info
                   SQL_Delay: 0
         SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
     Slave_SQL_Running_State: Reading event from the relay log
          Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                 Master_Bind:
     Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
    Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
              Master_SSL_Crl:
          Master_SSL_Crlpath:
          Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
           Executed_Gtid_Set:
               Auto_Position: 0
        Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                Channel_Name:
          Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
顯示：
看到IO和SQL執行緒均為YES，說明主從配置成功。
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 677960018表示一直在追binlog日誌。


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