Oracle效能監控常用命令
Oracle效能監控常用命令
--監控事例的等待
select event,
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 0, 1)) "Prev",
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 1, 0)) "Curr",
count(*) "Tot"
from v$session_Wait
group by event
order by 4;
--回滾段的爭用情況
select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b
where a.usn = b.usn;
--監控表空間的 I/O 比例
select df.tablespace_name name,
df.file_name "file",
f.phyrds pyr,
f.phyblkrd pbr,
f.phywrts pyw,
f.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df
where f.file# = df.file_id
order by df.tablespace_name;
--監控檔案系統的 I/O 比例
select substr(a.file#, 1, 2) "#",
substr(a.name, 1, 30) "Name",
a.status,
a.bytes,
b.phyrds,
b.phywrts
from v$datafile a, v$filestat b
where a.file# = b.file#;
--在某個使用者下找所有的索引
select user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
uniqueness,
column_name
from user_ind_columns, user_indexes
where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name
and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name
order by user_indexes.table_type,
user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
column_position;
--監控 SGA 的命中率
select a.value + b.value "logical_reads",
c.value "phys_reads",
round(100 * ((a.value + b.value) - c.value) / (a.value + b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO"
from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c
where a.statistic# = 38
and b.statistic# = 39
and c.statistic# = 40;
--監控 SGA 中字典緩衝區的命中率
select parameter,
gets,
Getmisses,
getmisses / (gets + getmisses) * 100 "miss ratio",
(1 - (sum(getmisses) / (sum(gets) + sum(getmisses)))) * 100 "Hit ratio"
from v$rowcache
where gets + getmisses <> 0
group by parameter, gets, getmisses;
--監控 SGA 中共享快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
select sum(pins) "Total Pins",
sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) * 100 libcache
from v$librarycache;
select sum(pinhits - reloads) / sum(pins) "hit radio",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) "reload percent"
from v$librarycache;
--顯示所有資料庫物件的類別和大小
select count(name) num_instances,
type,
sum(source_size) source_size,
sum(parsed_size) parsed_size,
sum(code_size) code_size,
sum(error_size) error_size,
sum(source_size) + sum(parsed_size) + sum(code_size) +
sum(error_size) size_required
from dba_object_size
group by type
order by 2;
--監控 SGA 中重做日誌快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
SELECT name,
gets,
misses,
immediate_gets,
immediate_misses,
Decode(gets, 0, 0, misses / gets * 100) ratio1,
Decode(immediate_gets + immediate_misses,
0,
0,
immediate_misses / (immediate_gets + immediate_misses) * 100) ratio2
FROM v$latch
WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');
--監控記憶體和硬碟的排序比率，最好使它小於 .10，增加 sort_area_size
SELECT name, value
FROM v$sysstat
WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');
--監控當前資料庫誰在執行什麼SQL語句
SELECT osuser, username, sql_text
from v$session a, v$sqltext b
where a.sql_address = b.address
order by address, piece;
--監控字典緩衝區
SELECT (SUM(PINS - RELOADS)) / SUM(PINS) "LIB CACHE" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;
SELECT (SUM(GETS - GETMISSES - USAGE - FIXED)) / SUM(GETS) "ROW CACHE" FROM V$ROWCACHE;
SELECT SUM(PINS) "EXECUTIONS", SUM(RELOADS) "CACHE MISSES WHILE EXECUTING" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;
----後者除以前者,此比率小於1%,接近0%為好。
SELECT SUM(GETS) "DICTIONARY GETS",
SUM(GETMISSES) "DICTIONARY CACHE GET MISSES"
FROM V$ROWCACHE
--找ORACLE字符集
select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
--監控 MTS
select busy/(busy+idle) "shared servers busy" from v$dispatcher;
----此值大於0.5時，引數需加大
select sum(wait)/sum(totalq) "dispatcher waits" from v$queue where type='dispatcher';
select count(*) from v$dispatcher;
select servers_highwater from v$mts;
servers_highwater接近mts_max_servers時，引數需加大
--碎片程度
select tablespace_name, count(tablespace_name)
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
having count(tablespace_name) > 10;
alter tablespace name coalesce;
alter table name deallocate unused;
create or replace view ts_blocks_v as
select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space
union all
select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;
select * from ts_blocks_v;
select tablespace_name, sum(bytes), max(bytes), count(block_id)
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
--檢視碎片程度高的表
SELECT segment_name table_name, COUNT(*) extents
FROM dba_segments
WHERE owner NOT IN ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')
GROUP BY segment_name
HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT MAX(COUNT(*))
FROM dba_segments
GROUP BY segment_name);
--表、索引的儲存情況檢查
select segment_name, sum(bytes) space, count(*) ext_quan
from dba_extents
where tablespace_name = '&tablespace_name'
and segment_type = 'TABLE'
group by tablespace_name, segment_name;
select segment_name, count(*)
from dba_extents
where segment_type = 'INDEX'
and owner = '&owner'
group by segment_name;
--檢測資料庫中的事件和等待
SELECT event, total_waits, total_timeouts,time_waited, average_wait FROM v$system_event
--查詢會話中的事件和等待時間
select sid, event, total_waits,average_wait from v$session_event where sid=10;
--查詢等待程式
SELECT sid, seq#, event, wait_time, state FROM v$session_wait;
--當前 sql 語句
select sql_text, users_executing, executions, loads from v$sqlarea;
--查詢快取記憶體中的命中率
select sum(pins) "Executions",
sum(reloads) "Cache Misses",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins)
from v$librarycache;
--查詢全域性字典中的有效裝載次數
select namespace,pins,reloads,invalidations from v$librarycache;
--回滾段的爭用情況
select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b
where a.usn = b.usn;
--監控表空間的 I/O 比例
select df.tablespace_name name,
df.file_name "file",
f.phyrds pyr,
f.phyblkrd pbr,
f.phywrts pyw,
f.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df
where f.file# = df.file_id
order by df.tablespace_name;
--監控檔案系統的 I/O 比例
select substr(a.file#, 1, 2) "#",
substr(a.name, 1, 30) "Name",
a.status,
a.bytes,
b.phyrds,
b.phywrts
from v$datafile a, v$filestat b
where a.file# = b.file#;
--在某個使用者下找所有的索引
select user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
uniqueness,
column_name
from user_ind_columns, user_indexes
where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name
and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name
order by user_indexes.table_type,
user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
column_position;
--監控 SGA 中字典緩衝區的命中率
select parameter,
gets,
Getmisses,
getmisses / (gets + getmisses) * 100 "miss ratio",
(1 - (sum(getmisses) / (sum(gets) + sum(getmisses)))) * 100 "Hit ratio"
from v$rowcache
where gets + getmisses <> 0
group by parameter, gets, getmisses;
--監控 SGA 中共享快取區的命中率，應該小於 1%
select sum(pins) "Total Pins",
sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) * 100 libcache
from v$librarycache;
select sum(pinhits - reloads) / sum(pins) "hit radio",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) "reload percent"
from v$librarycache;
--顯示所有資料庫物件的類別和大小
select count(name) num_instances,
type,
sum(source_size) source_size,
sum(parsed_size) parsed_size,
sum(code_size) code_size,
sum(error_size) error_size,
sum(source_size) + sum(parsed_size) + sum(code_size) +
sum(error_size) size_required
from dba_object_size
group by type
order by 2;
--監控 SGA 中重做日誌快取區的命中率，應該小於 1%
select name,
gets,
misses,
immediate_gets,
immediate_misses,
Decode(gets, 0, 0, misses / gets * 100) ratio1,
Decode(immediate_gets + immediate_misses,
0,
0,
immediate_misses / (immediate_gets + immediate_misses) * 100) ratio2
FROM v$latch
WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');
--監控記憶體和硬碟的排序比率，最好使它小於 .10 ，增加 sort_area_size
SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');
--監控字典緩衝區
select (sum(pins - reloads)) / sum(pins) "lib cache" from v$librarycache;
select (sum(gets - getmisses - usage - fixed)) / sum(gets) "row cache" from v$rowcache;
select sum(pins) "executions", sum(reloads) "cache misses while executing" from v$librarycache;
----後者除以前者 , 此比率小於 1%, 接近 0% 為好
select sum(gets) "dictionary gets",sum(getmisses) "dictionary cache get misses" from v$rowcache
--找 ORACLE 字符集
select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
--表、索引的儲存情況檢查
select segment_name, sum(bytes), count(*) ext_quan
from dba_extents
where tablespace_name = '&tablespace_name'
and segment_type = 'TABLE'
group by tablespace_name, segment_name;
select segment_name, count(*)
from dba_extents
where segment_type = 'INDEX'
and owner = '&owner'
group by segment_name;
--找使用 CPU 多的使用者 session
----是 cpu used by this session
select a.sid,
spid,
status,
substr(a.program, 1, 40) prog,
a.terminal,
oSUSEr,
value / 60 / 100 value
from v$session a, v$process b, v$sesstat c
where c.statistic# = 12
and c.sid = a.sid
and a.paddr = b.addr
order by value desc;
--檢視錶鎖
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100
--監控事例的等待
select event,
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 0, 1)) "Prev",
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 1, 0)) "Curr",
count(*) "Tot"
from v$session_Wait
group by event
order by 4
--回滾段的爭用情況
select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b
where a.usn = b.usn
--檢視前臺正在發出的SQL語句
select user_name, sql_text
from v$open_cursor
where sid in (select sid
from (select sid, serial#, username, program
from v$session
where status = 'ACTIVE'))
--資料表佔用空間大小情況
select segment_name, tablespace_name, bytes, blocks
from user_segments
where segment_type = 'TABLE'
ORDER BY bytes DESC, blocks DESC
--檢視錶空間碎片大小
select tablespace_name,
round(sqrt(max(blocks) / sum(blocks)) *
(100 / sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))),
2) FSFI
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
order by 1
--檢視錶空間佔用磁碟情況
select b.file_id 檔案ID號,
b.tablespace_name 表空間名,
b.bytes 位元組數,
(b.bytes - sum(nvl(a.bytes, 0))) 已使用,
sum(nvl(a.bytes, 0)) 剩餘空間,
sum(nvl(a.bytes, 0)) / (b.bytes) * 100 剩餘百分比
from dba_free_space a, dba_data_files b
where a.file_id = b.file_id
group by b.tablespace_name, b.file_id, b.bytes
order by b.file_id
--檢視session使用回滾段
SELECT r.name 回滾段名,
s.sid,
s.serial#,
s.username 使用者名稱,
t.status,
t.cr_get,
t.phy_io,
t.used_ublk,
t.noundo,
substr(s.program, 1, 78) 操作程式
FROM sys.v_$session s,sys.v_$transaction t,sys.v_$rollname r
WHERE t.addr = s.taddr and t.xidusn = r.usn
ORDER BY t.cr_get,t.phy_io
--檢視SGA區剩餘可用記憶體
select name,
sgasize/1024/1024 "Allocated(M)",
bytes/1024 "**空間(K)",
round(bytes/sgasize*100, 2) "**空間百分比(%)"
from (select sum(bytes) sgasize from sys.v_$sgastat) s, sys.v_$sgastat f
where f.name = 'free memory'
--監控表空間I/O比例
select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr,
f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df
where f.file# = df.file_id
order by df.tablespace_name
--監控SGA命中率
select a.value + b.value "logical_reads",
c.value "phys_reads",
round(100 * ((a.value+b.value)-c.value) / (a.value+b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO"
from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c
where a.statistic# = 38 and
b.statistic# = 39 and
c.statistic# = 40
--監控 SGA 中字典緩衝區的命中率
select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio",
(1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio"
from v$rowcache
where gets+getmisses <>0
group by parameter, gets, getmisses
--監控 SGA **享快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",
sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache
from v$librarycache
--監控 SGA 中重做日誌快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
SELECT name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses,
Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1,
Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0,
immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2
FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy')
--監控記憶體和硬碟的排序比率，最好使它小於 .10
SELECT name, value
FROM v$sysstat
WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)')
--監控字典緩衝區
SELECT SUM(GETS) "DICTIONARY GETS",SUM(GETMISSES) "DICTIONARY CACHE GET MISSES"
FROM V$ROWCACHE
--非系統使用者建在SYSTEM表空間中的表
SELECT owner,table_name
FROM DBA_TABLES
WHERE tablespace_name in('SYSTEM','USER_DATA') AND
owner NOT IN('SYSTEM','SYS','OUTLN', 'ORDSYS','MDSYS','SCOTT', 'HOSTEAC')
--效能最差的SQL
SELECT * FROM ( SELECT PARSING_USER_ID EXECUTIONS,SORTS,COMMAND_TYPE,DISK_READS,sql_text
FROM v$sqlarea
ORDER BY disk_reads DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM<100
--讀磁碟數超100次的sql
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100
--最頻繁執行的sql
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where executions>100
--查詢使用CPU多的使用者session
select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value
from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c
where c.statistic#=12 and
c.sid=a.sid and
a.paddr=b.addr
order by value desc
--當前每個會話使用的物件數
SELECT a.sid,s.terminal,s.program,count(a.sid)
FROM V$ACCESS a,V$SESSION s
WHERE a.owner <> 'SYS'AND s.sid = a.sid
GROUP BY a.sid,s.terminal,s.program
ORDER BY count(a.sid)
--監控事例的等待
select event,
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 0, 1)) "Prev",
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 1, 0)) "Curr",
count(*) "Tot"
from v$session_Wait
group by event
order by 4;
--回滾段的爭用情況
select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b
where a.usn = b.usn;
--監控表空間的 I/O 比例
select df.tablespace_name name,
df.file_name "file",
f.phyrds pyr,
f.phyblkrd pbr,
f.phywrts pyw,
f.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df
where f.file# = df.file_id
order by df.tablespace_name;
--監控檔案系統的 I/O 比例
select substr(a.file#, 1, 2) "#",
substr(a.name, 1, 30) "Name",
a.status,
a.bytes,
b.phyrds,
b.phywrts
from v$datafile a, v$filestat b
where a.file# = b.file#;
--在某個使用者下找所有的索引
select user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
uniqueness,
column_name
from user_ind_columns, user_indexes
where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name
and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name
order by user_indexes.table_type,
user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
column_position;
--監控 SGA 的命中率
select a.value + b.value "logical_reads",
c.value "phys_reads",
round(100 * ((a.value + b.value) - c.value) / (a.value + b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO"
from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c
where a.statistic# = 38
and b.statistic# = 39
and c.statistic# = 40;
--監控 SGA 中字典緩衝區的命中率
select parameter,
gets,
Getmisses,
getmisses / (gets + getmisses) * 100 "miss ratio",
(1 - (sum(getmisses) / (sum(gets) + sum(getmisses)))) * 100 "Hit ratio"
from v$rowcache
where gets + getmisses <> 0
group by parameter, gets, getmisses;
--監控 SGA 中共享快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
select sum(pins) "Total Pins",
sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) * 100 libcache
from v$librarycache;
select sum(pinhits - reloads) / sum(pins) "hit radio",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) "reload percent"
from v$librarycache;
--顯示所有資料庫物件的類別和大小
select count(name) num_instances,
type,
sum(source_size) source_size,
sum(parsed_size) parsed_size,
sum(code_size) code_size,
sum(error_size) error_size,
sum(source_size) + sum(parsed_size) + sum(code_size) +
sum(error_size) size_required
from dba_object_size
group by type
order by 2;
--監控 SGA 中重做日誌快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
SELECT name,
gets,
misses,
immediate_gets,
immediate_misses,
Decode(gets, 0, 0, misses / gets * 100) ratio1,
Decode(immediate_gets + immediate_misses,
0,
0,
immediate_misses / (immediate_gets + immediate_misses) * 100) ratio2
FROM v$latch
WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');
--監控記憶體和硬碟的排序比率，最好使它小於 .10，增加 sort_area_size
SELECT name, value
FROM v$sysstat
WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');
--監控當前資料庫誰在執行什麼SQL語句
SELECT osuser, username, sql_text
from v$session a, v$sqltext b
where a.sql_address = b.address
order by address, piece;
--監控字典緩衝區
SELECT (SUM(PINS - RELOADS)) / SUM(PINS) "LIB CACHE" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;
SELECT (SUM(GETS - GETMISSES - USAGE - FIXED)) / SUM(GETS) "ROW CACHE" FROM V$ROWCACHE;
SELECT SUM(PINS) "EXECUTIONS", SUM(RELOADS) "CACHE MISSES WHILE EXECUTING" FROM V$LIBRARYCACHE;
----後者除以前者,此比率小於1%,接近0%為好。
SELECT SUM(GETS) "DICTIONARY GETS",
SUM(GETMISSES) "DICTIONARY CACHE GET MISSES"
FROM V$ROWCACHE
--找ORACLE字符集
select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
--監控 MTS
select busy/(busy+idle) "shared servers busy" from v$dispatcher;
----此值大於0.5時，引數需加大
select sum(wait)/sum(totalq) "dispatcher waits" from v$queue where type='dispatcher';
select count(*) from v$dispatcher;
select servers_highwater from v$mts;
servers_highwater接近mts_max_servers時，引數需加大
--碎片程度
select tablespace_name, count(tablespace_name)
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
having count(tablespace_name) > 10;
alter tablespace name coalesce;
alter table name deallocate unused;
create or replace view ts_blocks_v as
select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,'free space' segment_name from dba_free_space
union all
select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;
select * from ts_blocks_v;
select tablespace_name, sum(bytes), max(bytes), count(block_id)
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name;
--檢視碎片程度高的表
SELECT segment_name table_name, COUNT(*) extents
FROM dba_segments
WHERE owner NOT IN ('SYS', 'SYSTEM')
GROUP BY segment_name
HAVING COUNT(*) = (SELECT MAX(COUNT(*))
FROM dba_segments
GROUP BY segment_name);
--表、索引的儲存情況檢查
select segment_name, sum(bytes) space, count(*) ext_quan
from dba_extents
where tablespace_name = '&tablespace_name'
and segment_type = 'TABLE'
group by tablespace_name, segment_name;
select segment_name, count(*)
from dba_extents
where segment_type = 'INDEX'
and owner = '&owner'
group by segment_name;
--檢測資料庫中的事件和等待
SELECT event, total_waits, total_timeouts,time_waited, average_wait FROM v$system_event
--查詢會話中的事件和等待時間
select sid, event, total_waits,average_wait from v$session_event where sid=10;
--查詢等待程式
SELECT sid, seq#, event, wait_time, state FROM v$session_wait;
--當前 sql 語句
select sql_text, users_executing, executions, loads from v$sqlarea;
--查詢快取記憶體中的命中率
select sum(pins) "Executions",
sum(reloads) "Cache Misses",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins)
from v$librarycache;
--查詢全域性字典中的有效裝載次數
select namespace,pins,reloads,invalidations from v$librarycache;
--回滾段的爭用情況
select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b
where a.usn = b.usn;
--監控表空間的 I/O 比例
select df.tablespace_name name,
df.file_name "file",
f.phyrds pyr,
f.phyblkrd pbr,
f.phywrts pyw,
f.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df
where f.file# = df.file_id
order by df.tablespace_name;
--監控檔案系統的 I/O 比例
select substr(a.file#, 1, 2) "#",
substr(a.name, 1, 30) "Name",
a.status,
a.bytes,
b.phyrds,
b.phywrts
from v$datafile a, v$filestat b
where a.file# = b.file#;
--在某個使用者下找所有的索引
select user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
uniqueness,
column_name
from user_ind_columns, user_indexes
where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name
and user_ind_columns.table_name = user_indexes.table_name
order by user_indexes.table_type,
user_indexes.table_name,
user_indexes.index_name,
column_position;
--監控 SGA 中字典緩衝區的命中率
select parameter,
gets,
Getmisses,
getmisses / (gets + getmisses) * 100 "miss ratio",
(1 - (sum(getmisses) / (sum(gets) + sum(getmisses)))) * 100 "Hit ratio"
from v$rowcache
where gets + getmisses <> 0
group by parameter, gets, getmisses;
--監控 SGA 中共享快取區的命中率，應該小於 1%
select sum(pins) "Total Pins",
sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) * 100 libcache
from v$librarycache;
select sum(pinhits - reloads) / sum(pins) "hit radio",
sum(reloads) / sum(pins) "reload percent"
from v$librarycache;
--顯示所有資料庫物件的類別和大小
select count(name) num_instances,
type,
sum(source_size) source_size,
sum(parsed_size) parsed_size,
sum(code_size) code_size,
sum(error_size) error_size,
sum(source_size) + sum(parsed_size) + sum(code_size) +
sum(error_size) size_required
from dba_object_size
group by type
order by 2;
--監控 SGA 中重做日誌快取區的命中率，應該小於 1%
select name,
gets,
misses,
immediate_gets,
immediate_misses,
Decode(gets, 0, 0, misses / gets * 100) ratio1,
Decode(immediate_gets + immediate_misses,
0,
0,
immediate_misses / (immediate_gets + immediate_misses) * 100) ratio2
FROM v$latch
WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy');
--監控記憶體和硬碟的排序比率，最好使它小於 .10 ，增加 sort_area_size
SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)');
--監控字典緩衝區
select (sum(pins - reloads)) / sum(pins) "lib cache" from v$librarycache;
select (sum(gets - getmisses - usage - fixed)) / sum(gets) "row cache" from v$rowcache;
select sum(pins) "executions", sum(reloads) "cache misses while executing" from v$librarycache;
----後者除以前者 , 此比率小於 1%, 接近 0% 為好
select sum(gets) "dictionary gets",sum(getmisses) "dictionary cache get misses" from v$rowcache
--找 ORACLE 字符集
select * from sys.props$ where name='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
--表、索引的儲存情況檢查
select segment_name, sum(bytes), count(*) ext_quan
from dba_extents
where tablespace_name = '&tablespace_name'
and segment_type = 'TABLE'
group by tablespace_name, segment_name;
select segment_name, count(*)
from dba_extents
where segment_type = 'INDEX'
and owner = '&owner'
group by segment_name;
--找使用 CPU 多的使用者 session
----是 cpu used by this session
select a.sid,
spid,
status,
substr(a.program, 1, 40) prog,
a.terminal,
oSUSEr,
value / 60 / 100 value
from v$session a, v$process b, v$sesstat c
where c.statistic# = 12
and c.sid = a.sid
and a.paddr = b.addr
order by value desc;
--檢視錶鎖
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100
--監控事例的等待
select event,
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 0, 1)) "Prev",
sum(decode(wait_Time, 0, 1, 0)) "Curr",
count(*) "Tot"
from v$session_Wait
group by event
order by 4
--回滾段的爭用情況
select name, waits, gets, waits / gets "Ratio"
from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b
where a.usn = b.usn
--檢視前臺正在發出的SQL語句
select user_name, sql_text
from v$open_cursor
where sid in (select sid
from (select sid, serial#, username, program
from v$session
where status = 'ACTIVE'))
--資料表佔用空間大小情況
select segment_name, tablespace_name, bytes, blocks
from user_segments
where segment_type = 'TABLE'
ORDER BY bytes DESC, blocks DESC
--檢視錶空間碎片大小
select tablespace_name,
round(sqrt(max(blocks) / sum(blocks)) *
(100 / sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))),
2) FSFI
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name
order by 1
--檢視錶空間佔用磁碟情況
select b.file_id 檔案ID號,
b.tablespace_name 表空間名,
b.bytes 位元組數,
(b.bytes - sum(nvl(a.bytes, 0))) 已使用,
sum(nvl(a.bytes, 0)) 剩餘空間,
sum(nvl(a.bytes, 0)) / (b.bytes) * 100 剩餘百分比
from dba_free_space a, dba_data_files b
where a.file_id = b.file_id
group by b.tablespace_name, b.file_id, b.bytes
order by b.file_id
--檢視session使用回滾段
SELECT r.name 回滾段名,
s.sid,
s.serial#,
s.username 使用者名稱,
t.status,
t.cr_get,
t.phy_io,
t.used_ublk,
t.noundo,
substr(s.program, 1, 78) 操作程式
FROM sys.v_$session s,sys.v_$transaction t,sys.v_$rollname r
WHERE t.addr = s.taddr and t.xidusn = r.usn
ORDER BY t.cr_get,t.phy_io
--檢視SGA區剩餘可用記憶體
select name,
sgasize/1024/1024 "Allocated(M)",
bytes/1024 "**空間(K)",
round(bytes/sgasize*100, 2) "**空間百分比(%)"
from (select sum(bytes) sgasize from sys.v_$sgastat) s, sys.v_$sgastat f
where f.name = 'free memory'
--監控表空間I/O比例
select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr,
f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw
from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df
where f.file# = df.file_id
order by df.tablespace_name
--監控SGA命中率
select a.value + b.value "logical_reads",
c.value "phys_reads",
round(100 * ((a.value+b.value)-c.value) / (a.value+b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO"
from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c
where a.statistic# = 38 and
b.statistic# = 39 and
c.statistic# = 40
--監控 SGA 中字典緩衝區的命中率
select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio",
(1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio"
from v$rowcache
where gets+getmisses <>0
group by parameter, gets, getmisses
--監控 SGA **享快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads",
sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache
from v$librarycache
--監控 SGA 中重做日誌快取區的命中率，應該小於1%
SELECT name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses,
Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1,
Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0,
immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2
FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy')
--監控記憶體和硬碟的排序比率，最好使它小於 .10
SELECT name, value
FROM v$sysstat
WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)')
--監控字典緩衝區
SELECT SUM(GETS) "DICTIONARY GETS",SUM(GETMISSES) "DICTIONARY CACHE GET MISSES"
FROM V$ROWCACHE
--非系統使用者建在SYSTEM表空間中的表
SELECT owner,table_name
FROM DBA_TABLES
WHERE tablespace_name in('SYSTEM','USER_DATA') AND
owner NOT IN('SYSTEM','SYS','OUTLN', 'ORDSYS','MDSYS','SCOTT', 'HOSTEAC')
--效能最差的SQL
SELECT * FROM ( SELECT PARSING_USER_ID EXECUTIONS,SORTS,COMMAND_TYPE,DISK_READS,sql_text
FROM v$sqlarea
ORDER BY disk_reads DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM<100
--讀磁碟數超100次的sql
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100
--最頻繁執行的sql
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where executions>100
--查詢使用CPU多的使用者session
select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value
from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c
where c.statistic#=12 and
c.sid=a.sid and
a.paddr=b.addr
order by value desc
--當前每個會話使用的物件數
SELECT a.sid,s.terminal,s.program,count(a.sid)
FROM V$ACCESS a,V$SESSION s
WHERE a.owner <> 'SYS'AND s.sid = a.sid
GROUP BY a.sid,s.terminal,s.program
ORDER BY count(a.sid)
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/29674916/viewspace-2122780/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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