Vue 高德地圖 API Loca 如何使用 連線線圖層、脈衝連線圖層
閱讀此文你需要已經瞭解並掌握的:
- 已經會使用常規地圖的生成方式
- 已經瞭解如何載入
Loca
外掛
如果不瞭解,可以檢視我之前的文章:
高德地圖 Vue 中 載入 資料視覺化 Loca 的方式
如何使用高德地圖 API 做一個路線規劃應用,展示自定義路線
高德地圖 API Loca 3D動畫的說明
最終實現的效果:
"感謝大哥送來的火箭"
一、基礎知識
官方的連線線例子是一個與我國建交的國家連線圖
其中用到的兩個資料來源是:
建交的連線線資料: https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/diplomacy-line.json
建交的點資料:https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/diplomacy-point.json
1. 這個檢視中包含四個圖層:
- 一個盛放各省名稱的文字圖層
AMap.LabelsLayer
- 一個盛放各省座標點位置動畫的圖層
Loca.ScatterLayer
- 一個盛放目標點座標點位置的圖層
Loca.ScatterLayer
- 一個顯示脈衝連線線的圖層
Loca.PulseLinkLayer
2. 做一個這樣的檢視需要哪幾個步驟:
- 新建一個
map
,並載入Loca
外掛。 - 遍歷所有省份資料,生成省份名稱圖層
AMap.LabelsLayer
- 遍歷所有省份資料,生成省份地理座標標識圖層
Loca.ScatterLayer
- 生成目標點的標識圖層
Loca.ScatterLayer
- 遍歷所有省份資料,每個資料包【含目標點】、【當前省份座標點】兩個座標點的資料,根據兩個地點資料生成一條脈衝連線線。然後生成所有省份的連線線
- 最終使 Loca 的動畫動起來即可
3. 建立脈衝線需要了解的知識
脈衝線的建立過程是這樣的:
// 建立圖層
let pulseLayer = new Loca.PulseLinkLayer(圖層引數)
// 設定資料來源
pulseLayer.setSource(資料引數)
// 設定樣式
pulseLayer.setStyle(樣式引數)
4. 用到的資料如何生成
Loca 圖層接收的資料是 Loca.GeoJSONSource
格式的,而這個物件接收的內容格式是這樣的
let locaLayerData = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: {
'type': 'FeatureCollection', // 固定
'features': [ // 這裡就是點的陣列
{
'type': 'Feature',
// 本例中我們用到的 geometry 有兩個格式,一種是 `Point` 一種是 `LineString`,
'geometry': {
'type': 'Point',
'coordinates': [121.504673, 25.046711], // 地理經緯度
},
},
],
},
})
這是 LineString
格式時的 geometry
結構,
'geometry': {
'type': 'LineString ',
'coordinates': [ // 地理經緯度,這裡有兩個經緯度值
[121.504673, 25.046711], // 連線線的起點
[121.504673, 25.046711] // 連線線的終點
],
},
瞭解了以上的結構,就可以根據自己需要來進行修改,生成資料了。
比如,我們得到官方的省份資料如下:
[
{ "name": "北京市", "center": "116.407394,39.904211" },
{ "name": "天津市", "center": "117.200983,39.084158" },
]
我們就可以根據這個生成點【座標層圖層資料】:
computed: {
// 根據省份地址,生成展示地圖需要的格式化資料
dataPoints(){
let tempData = GEO_PROVINCE_DATA.map(item => {
let co = item.center.split(',').map(item => Number(item)) // 將字串拆分成座標陣列資料
return {
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {"province": item.name},
"geometry": {
"type": "Point", // 點位
"coordinates": co
}
}
})
return {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": tempData
}
},
// 連線線圖層資料
dataLines(){
let tempData = GEO_PROVINCE_DATA.map(item => {
let co = item.center.split(',').map(item => Number(item)) // 將字串拆分成座標陣列資料
return {
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {"province": item.name},
"geometry": {
"type": "LineString", // 線段
"coordinates": [
TARGET_POINT, // target location
co
]
}
}
})
return {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": tempData
}
},
}
使用的時候生成 geo 資料
const geoDataPoints = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: this.dataPoints,
})
const geoDataLines = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: this.dataLines,
})
根據這些資料載入圖層:
// 圖層點座標
let loadLocation = () => {
setLabelsLayer(this.dataPoints)
scatterLayer2.setSource(geoDataPoints)
scatterLayer2.setStyle({
size: [250000, 250000], // 點的大小
unit: 'miter',
animate: true,
duration: 1000,
texture: 'https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/orange.png',
// texture: 'https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/green.png',
})
this.loca.add(scatterLayer2)
// this.loca.animate.start() // 開始動畫
}
loadLocation()
// 連線線圖層
let linkLayer = new Loca.LinkLayer({
zIndex: 20,
opacity: 1,
visible: true,
zooms: [2, 22],
})
let loadLine = () => {
linkLayer.setSource(geoDataLines)
linkLayer.setStyle({
lineColors: ['#ff7514', '#ff0008'],
height: (index, item) => {
return item.distance / 2
},
smoothSteps: 300
})
this.loca.add(linkLayer)
}
loadLine()
// pulse layer
let pulseLayer = new Loca.PulseLinkLayer({
zIndex: 20,
opacity: 1,
visible: true,
zooms: [2, 22],
})
let loadPulse = () => {
pulseLayer.setSource(geoDataLinesReverse)
pulseLayer.setStyle({
height: (index, item) => {
return item.distance / 2
},
unit: 'meter',
dash: [40000, 0, 40000, 0],
lineWidth: function () {
return [20000, 2000]; // 始末 節點的線段寬度
},
// altitude: 1000,
smoothSteps: 100, // 曲線圓滑度
speed: function (index, prop) {
return 1000 + Math.random() * 200000;
},
flowLength: 100000,
lineColors: function (index, feat) {
return ['rgb(255,221,0)', 'rgb(255,141,27)', 'rgb(65,0,255)'];
},
maxHeightScale: 0.3, // 弧頂位置比例
headColor: 'rgba(255, 255, 0, 1)', // 線段中流動的
trailColor: 'rgb(255,84,84)',
})
this.loca.add(pulseLayer)
}
loadPulse()
這些結束後,讓動畫動起來
this.map.on('complete', ()=> {
this.loca.animate.start()
})
此時俯檢視是這個樣子:
再加一些 Loca 動畫,就成了這個樣子
備註:用到的官方資料、資源
各省會資料: https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/mock/districts.js
中心點圖示: https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/center-point.png
動畫點(綠色):https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/green.png
動畫點(橙色):https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/green.png
完整程式碼:自行將 appID 替換成自己的
province.json
[
{ "name": "北京市", "center": "116.407394,39.904211" },
{ "name": "天津市", "center": "117.200983,39.084158" },
{ "name": "河北省", "center": "114.530235,38.037433" },
{ "name": "山西省", "center": "112.562678,37.873499" },
{ "name": "內蒙古自治區", "center": "111.76629,40.81739" },
{ "name": "遼寧省", "center": "123.431382,41.836175" },
{ "name": "吉林省", "center": "125.32568,43.897016" },
{ "name": "黑龍江省", "center": "126.661665,45.742366" },
{ "name": "上海市", "center": "121.473662,31.230372" },
{ "name": "江蘇省", "center": "118.762765,32.060875" },
{ "name": "浙江省", "center": "120.152585,30.266597" },
{ "name": "安徽省", "center": "117.329949,31.733806" },
{ "name": "福建省", "center": "119.295143,26.100779" },
{ "name": "江西省", "center": "115.81635,28.63666" },
{ "name": "山東省", "center": "117.019915,36.671156" },
{ "name": "河南省", "center": "113.753394,34.765869" },
{ "name": "湖北省", "center": "114.341745,30.546557" },
{ "name": "湖南省", "center": "112.9836,28.112743" },
{ "name": "廣東省", "center": "113.26641,23.132324" },
{ "name": "廣西壯族自治區", "center": "108.327546,22.815478" },
{ "name": "海南省", "center": "110.349228,20.017377" },
{ "name": "重慶市", "center": "106.551643,29.562849" },
{ "name": "四川省", "center": "104.075809,30.651239" },
{ "name": "貴州省", "center": "106.70546,26.600055" },
{ "name": "雲南省", "center": "102.710002,25.045806" },
{ "name": "西藏自治區", "center": "91.117525,29.647535" },
{ "name": "陝西省", "center": "108.954347,34.265502" },
{ "name": "甘肅省", "center": "103.826447,36.05956" },
{ "name": "青海省", "center": "101.780268,36.620939" },
{ "name": "寧夏回族自治區", "center": "106.259126,38.472641" },
{ "name": "新疆維吾爾自治區", "center": "87.627704,43.793026" },
{ "name": "香港特別行政區", "center": "114.171203,22.277468" },
{ "name": "澳門特別行政區", "center": "113.543028,22.186835" }
]
MapLoca.vue
<template>
<div class="map-container">
<div id="container" :style="`height: ${insets.height}px`"></div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import AMapLoader from '@amap/amap-jsapi-loader'
import {mapState} from "vuex"
import GEO_PROVINCE_DATA from './province.json'
import LaunchButton from "@/components/LaunnchButton";
let AMap = null
const TARGET_POINT = [121.504673, 25.046711] // 目標座標 臺灣
const DESTINATION_POINT = [110.504673, 28.046711] // 目標座標
export default {
name: "MapLoca",
components: {LaunchButton},
data() {
return {
isLoading: false,
contentHeight: 400,
map: null,
loca: null,
}
},
mounted() {
this.contentHeight = window.innerHeight
AMapLoader.load({
key: "替換成自己申請的高德web app id", // 開發應用的 ID
version: "2.0", // 指定要載入的 JSAPI 的版本,預設時預設為 1.4.15
plugins: [],
Loca:{
version: '2.0.0',
},
AMapUI: { // 是否載入 AMapUI,預設不載入
version: '1.1', // AMapUI 預設 1.1
plugins: [], // 需要載入的 AMapUI ui外掛
},
}).then(map => {
AMap = map
this.map = new AMap.Map('container', {
viewMode: '3D',
zoom: 6,
pitch: 32,
center: TARGET_POINT,
mapStyle: 'amap://styles/grey',
showBuildingBlock: true, // 顯示建築物
showLabel: false, // 不顯示地名什麼的
})
// 文字圖層
let labelLayer = new AMap.LabelsLayer({
rejectMapMask: true,
collision: true,
animation: true,
})
this.map.add(labelLayer)
this.loca = new Loca.Container({
map: this.map,
})
let scatterLayer2 = new Loca.ScatterLayer({
zIndex: 10,
opacity: 0.8,
visible: true,
zooms: [2, 22],
})
let scatterLayer3 = new Loca.ScatterLayer({
zIndex: 10,
opacity: 0.8,
visible: true,
zooms: [2, 22],
})
let centerPoint = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: {
'type': 'FeatureCollection',
'features': [
{
'type': 'Feature',
'geometry': {
'type': 'Point',
'coordinates': TARGET_POINT,
},
},
],
},
})
scatterLayer3.setSource(centerPoint)
scatterLayer3.setStyle({
size: [300000, 300000],
unit: 'meter',
texture: 'https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/center-point.png',
})
this.loca.add(scatterLayer3)
let lineGeoMap
let scatterGeoMap
let setLabelsLayer = (data) => {
labelLayer.clear()
data.features.forEach((item) => {
let labelsMarker = new AMap.LabelMarker({
name: item.properties.province,
position: item.geometry.coordinates,
zooms: [2, 22],
opacity: 1,
zIndex: 10,
text: {
content: item.properties.province,
direction: 'bottom',
offset: [0, -5],
style: {
fontSize: 13,
fontWeight: 'normal',
fillColor: '#fff',
},
},
})
labelLayer.add(labelsMarker)
})
labelLayer.add(
new AMap.LabelMarker({
name: '臺灣',
position: TARGET_POINT,
zooms: [2, 22],
opacity: 1,
zIndex: 10,
rank: 100,
text: {
content: '臺灣',
direction: 'bottom',
offset: [0, -5],
style: {
fontSize: 13,
fontWeight: 'normal',
fillColor: '#fff',
},
},
}),
)
}
const geoDataPoints = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: this.dataPoints,
});
const geoDataLines = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: this.dataLines,
});
const geoDataLinesReverse = new Loca.GeoJSONSource({
data: this.dataLinesReverse,
});
let loadLocation = () => {
setLabelsLayer(this.dataPoints)
scatterLayer2.setSource(geoDataPoints)
scatterLayer2.setStyle({
size: [250000, 250000],
unit: 'miter',
animate: true,
duration: 1000,
texture: 'https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/orange.png',
// texture: 'https://a.amap.com/Loca/static/static/green.png',
})
this.loca.add(scatterLayer2)
// this.loca.animate.start() // 開始動畫
}
loadLocation()
let linkLayer = new Loca.LinkLayer({
zIndex: 20,
opacity: 1,
visible: true,
zooms: [2, 22],
})
let loadLine = () => {
linkLayer.setSource(geoDataLines)
linkLayer.setStyle({
lineColors: ['#ff7514', '#ff0008'],
height: (index, item) => {
return item.distance / 2
},
smoothSteps: 300
})
this.loca.add(linkLayer)
}
// loadLine()
// pulse layer
let pulseLayer = new Loca.PulseLinkLayer({
zIndex: 20,
opacity: 1,
visible: true,
zooms: [2, 22],
})
let loadPulse = () => {
pulseLayer.setSource(geoDataLinesReverse)
pulseLayer.setStyle({
height: (index, item) => {
return item.distance / 2
},
unit: 'meter',
dash: [40000, 0, 40000, 0],
lineWidth: function () {
return [20000, 2000]; // 始末 節點的線段寬度
},
// altitude: 1000,
smoothSteps: 100, // 曲線圓滑度
speed: function (index, prop) {
return 1000 + Math.random() * 200000;
},
flowLength: 100000,
lineColors: function (index, feat) {
return ['rgb(255,221,0)', 'rgb(255,141,27)', 'rgb(65,0,255)'];
},
maxHeightScale: 0.3, // 弧頂位置比例
headColor: 'rgba(255, 255, 0, 1)',
trailColor: 'rgb(255,84,84)',
})
this.loca.add(pulseLayer)
}
loadPulse()
this.animateStart()
this.map.on('complete', ()=> {
this.loca.animate.start()
})
}).catch(e => {
console.log(e)
})
},
computed: {
...mapState(['insets']),
// 根據省份地址,生成展示地圖需要的格式化資料
dataPoints(){
let tempData = GEO_PROVINCE_DATA.map(item => {
let co = item.center.split(',').map(item => Number(item))
return {
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {"province": item.name},
"geometry": {
"type": "Point", // 點位
"coordinates": co
}
}
})
return {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": tempData
}
},
dataLines(){
let tempData = GEO_PROVINCE_DATA.map(item => {
let co = item.center.split(',').map(item => Number(item))
return {
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {"province": item.name},
"geometry": {
"type": "LineString", // 線段
"coordinates": [
TARGET_POINT, // target location
co
]
}
}
})
return {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": tempData
}
},
dataLinesReverse(){
let tempData = GEO_PROVINCE_DATA.map(item => {
let co = item.center.split(',').map(item => Number(item))
return {
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {"province": item.name},
"geometry": {
"type": "LineString", // 線段
"coordinates": [
co,
TARGET_POINT // target location
]
}
}
})
return {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": tempData
}
},
},
methods: {
animateStart(){
this.loca.viewControl.addAnimates([{
center: {
value: DESTINATION_POINT, // 動畫終點的經緯度
control: [TARGET_POINT, DESTINATION_POINT], // 過渡中的軌跡控制點,地圖上的經緯度
timing: [0.42, 0, 0.4, 1], // 動畫時間控制點
duration: 5000, // 過渡時間,毫秒(ms)
},
// 俯仰角動畫
pitch: {
value: 60, // 動畫終點的俯仰角度
control: [[0, 0], [1, 60]], // 控制器,x是0~1的起始區間,y是pitch值
timing: [0, 0, 1, 1], // 這個值是線性過渡
duration: 5000,
},
// 縮放等級動畫
zoom: {
value: 5, // 動畫終點的地圖縮放等級
control: [[0, 8], [1, 5]], // 控制器,x是0~1的起始區間,y是zoom值
timing: [0, 0, 1, 1],
duration: 8000,
},
// 旋轉動畫
rotation: {
value: -30, // 動畫終點的地圖旋轉角度
control: [[0, 0], [1, -30]], // 控制器,x是0~1的起始區間,y是rotation值
timing: [0, 0, 1, 1],
duration: 8000,
}
}],
() => {})
},
resizeMap() {
let mapContainer = document.getElementById('container')
mapContainer.style.height = window.innerHeight + "px"
mapContainer.style.width = window.innerWidth + "px"
},
},
beforeUnmount() {
this.loca.destroy() // 需要先銷燬 Loca 再銷燬 Map
this.map.destroy() // 銷燬地圖,釋放記憶體
this.map = null
}
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.map-container {
position: relative;
}
</style>