> 作者：ReganYue
> 
> 來源：[恆生LIGHT雲社群](https://developer.hs.net/thread/1451 "恆生LIGHT雲社群")
### **Windows 環境下安裝Redis**

* **redis-windows：**[https://github.com/ServiceStack/redis-windows/](https://github.com/ServiceStack/redis-windows/)
* **管理工具RDM：**[https://rdm.dev/](https://rdm.dev/)

#### **1. 解壓redis-windows**

![image-20210723164404701.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/HWJPJ6D5nUI2WRShNu75RWnvAoI4uvkh1VhqZyUo_thumb.png "3356")

#### **2. 配置redis-windows**

![image-20210723164842568.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/D7s9NrHjPXoPgDHi0MairW9MSqoEnrwnnR9RbdoU_thumb.png "3357")

**修改redis.windows.conf**

![image-20210723165049590.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/p27fHyVqNKehWCpZw0jvZQk01KfkMe02JeLMfqn0_thumb.png "3358")

**在底部新增上這兩行，代表最大記憶體和設定密碼。**

**然後在命令列模式下進入解壓後的redis目錄，鍵入下面命令**

`redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf`

![image-20210723165539985.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/iO1B4jnFg7qHtdeX0eCwRwlU8JfjJdMXPPJz78fu_thumb.png "3359")

**然後在開啟一個命令列視窗，鍵入** `redis-cli.exe`

**然後就開啟客戶端了。**

![image-20210723165702072.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/WmP1NfWhI5avcnamOc1bHD17DngBxl8EwLbpI8zI_thumb.png "3360")

![image-20210723165753849.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/bBYQzB7Zvre8sUdNThKfpvIuTAcMn9TtM5s3fh5Y_thumb.png "3361")

**然後輸入** `auth 密碼`**就可以連線服務端了。**

![image-20210723165837940.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/pCUBmWYMQx0nj1BVqsmV91rfXRimedeJWiJLgAEn_thumb.png "3362")

**輸入PING，如果返回PONG，那麼就說明連線成功！如果這樣的話，恭喜你！**

### **Linux環境下安裝Redis**

**終端輸入** `sudo apt install redis`**。**

![image-20210723173524306.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/IIbqWm0acr4I0WFUaUFzd161Eq6aQ5V3NU6SLCek_thumb.png "3363")

**然後就輸入** `redis-cli`**進入客戶端即可。**

### **redis字串操作**

1. **設定鍵值：name：ReganYue**

`set name ReganYue`

2. **獲取值：**`get name`![image-20210723183204616.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/5oPFXNtTh4rm0sCPep53Go9ly598dvu23cQSBzgN_thumb.png "3364")
3. **設定持續20秒的鍵值：**`setex wife 20 bingbing`![image-20210723183447335](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ReganYue/ForPicGo/main/image-20210723183447335.png)
4. **設定多個鍵值mset(m代表multiple)：**`mset name Regan wife bingbing age 18`
5. **一次獲取多個鍵值：**`mget name wife age`

![image-20210723183811234.png](https://developer.hs.net/storage/attachments/2021/10/16/027L7fAjPlL07xe4NvVje2UdVdkiBrvmjP1UelPY_thumb.png "3365")

6. **將值增加/減少1：**
   ```
   127.0.0.1:6379> incr age
   (integer) 19
   127.0.0.1:6379> decr age
   (integer) 18
   ```
7. **將值增加5：**
   ```
   127.0.0.1:6379> incrby age 5
   (integer) 23
   127.0.0.1:6379> get age
   "23"
   ```
8. **將值減少10:**
   ```
   127.0.0.1:6379> decrby age 10
   (integer) 13
   127.0.0.1:6379> get age
   "13"
   ```
9. **將名字增加Yue**
   ```
   127.0.0.1:6379> append name Yue
   (integer) 8
   127.0.0.1:6379> get name
   "ReganYue"
   ```
10. **獲取字串長度**
    ```
    127.0.0.1:6379> get name
    "ReganYue"
    127.0.0.1:6379> strlen name
    (integer) 8
    ```
11. **當鍵不存在時才能新增該鍵值對**
    ```
    127.0.0.1:6379> setnx name yy
    (integer) 0
    127.0.0.1:6379> setnx name1 yy
    (integer) 1
    ```
12. **同時新增多個鍵值對，當所有鍵**都不存在**時才能新增該鍵值對**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx name gg age 1 wife bing
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx myname gg myage 1 mywife bing
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> mget myname myage mywife
1) "gg"
2) "1"
3) "bing"
```

* **返回1 說明如果所有的key被set**
* **返回0 說明沒有key被set(至少其中有一個key是本來就存在的)**

13. **PSETEX**

```
psetex name 5000 ReganYue
```

**PSETEX和SETEX一樣，唯一的區別是到期時間以毫秒為單位,而不是秒。**

14. **擷取字串getrange**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange name 0 2
"Reg"
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange name -1 -3
""
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange name -3 -1
"gan"
```

### **Redis之Key鍵操作**

1. **顯示所有鍵**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
   1) "age"
   2) "wife"
   3) "name"
   4) "name1"
   5) "mywife"
   6) "myage"
   7) "myname"
   ```
2. **顯示m開頭的鍵**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> keys m*
   1) "mywife"
   2) "myage"
   3) "myname"

```
3. **顯示所有以e結尾的鍵**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> keys *e
   1) "age"
   2) "wife"
   3) "name"
   4) "mywife"
   5) "myage"
   6) "myname"

```
4. **判斷存在幾個鍵**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> exists name age
   (integer) 2

```

**此處顯示2說明存在兩個鍵。**
5. **判斷鍵的型別**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> type name
   string
   127.0.0.1:6379> type age
   string

```
6. **刪除鍵**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> del myname mywife
   (integer) 2
   ```
7. **設定鍵的過期時間**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
   (integer) -1
   127.0.0.1:6379> expire name 10
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
   (integer) 8
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
   (integer) 5
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
   (integer) 2
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl name
   (integer) -2
   ```

`ttl name`**的值為-1表示永不過期，**

**-2 表示過期了。**
8. **persist 取消鍵的過期時間**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> expire age 999
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
   (integer) 989
   127.0.0.1:6379> persist age
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> ttl age
   (integer) -1

```
9. **rename 重新命名**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> rename age aaaage
   OK
   127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
   1) "wife"
   2) "aaaage"
   3) "name1"
   4) "myage"
   5) "hash1"

```

**這個操作十分危險！！！慎用！！！ **
10. **renamenx**
    **要更改的鍵不存在才重新命名**
11. **下面說一個非常有趣的randomkey**

```
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "name1"
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "hash1"
    127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
    "wife"
    ```

### **Redis之hash操作**

1. **hset&hmset**

**用來設定hash欄位值。**

**hset 一次設定一個欄位，hmset一次可以設定多個欄位的值。**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hmset wife3 name bingbing age 12
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> hmset wife2 name bing
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> hmset wife2 age 22
OK
```

2. **hget**

**返回雜湊集中某欄位的值**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hget wife2 name
"bing"
127.0.0.1:6379> hget wife3 name
"bingbing"
```

3. **hmget**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hmget wife3 name age
1) "bingbing"
2) "12"

```

**返回雜湊集中指定欄位的值。**

**雜湊集中沒有的欄位，就返回 **`nil`** 。**

4. **hallget**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall wife3
1) "name"
2) "bingbing"
3) "age"
4) "12"
```

**返回所有鍵和值的值，並組成一個列表，當雜湊集不存在時返回空列表。**

5. **hvals**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hvals wife3
1) "bingbing"
2) "12"
```

**返回所有欄位值。**

6. **hlen **

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hlen wife3
(integer) 2
```

**返回wife3所有屬性數**

7. **hexists **

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hexists wife3 name
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hexists wife3 money
(integer) 0
```

**判斷雜湊集裡面是否存在該鍵。**

8. **hdel**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hdel wife3 name 
(integer) 1
```

**刪除雜湊集裡面的鍵值對**

**一次可以刪除多個。**

9. **hstrlen**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hset wife3 money 12222222222
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hstrlen wife3 money
(integer) 11
```

**hstrlen可以求某鍵的值的長度。**

10. **hincrby **

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hincrby wife3 money 11
(integer) 12222222233
```

11. **hincrbyfloat**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> hincrbyfloat wife3 money 0.231231
"12222222233.23123100027441978"
```

### **Redis之list操作**

1. **lpush&rpush**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lpush mlist 2
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> lpush mlist 1
   (integer) 2
   127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mlist 3
   (integer) 3
   127.0.0.1:6379> rpush mlist 4 5 6
   (integer) 6

```

**lpush表示在列表的左邊push進去，rpush表示從列表的右邊push進去。**
2. **lrange**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "1"
   2) "2"
   3) "3"
   4) "4"
   5) "5"
   6) "6"
   ```

**表示檢視該列表從第一個到最後一個的值。**
3. **linsert**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "1"
   2) "2"
   3) "2.5"
   4) "3"
   5) "4"
   6) "5"
   7) "6"
   127.0.0.1:6379> linsert mlist after 3 2.
   (integer) 8
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "1"
   2) "2"
   3) "2.5"
   4) "3"
   5) "2."
   6) "4"
   7) "5"
   8) "6"
   127.0.0.1:6379> linsert mlist after 3 2.6
   (integer) 9
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "1"
   2) "2"
   3) "2.5"
   4) "3"
   5) "2.6"
   6) "2."
   7) "4"
   8) "5"
   9) "6"

```

**表示在該列表的某個數後面追加元素。**
4. **lset**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lset mlist 5 333
   OK
   127.0.0.1:6379> linsert mlist after 3 2.6
   (integer) 10
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
    1) "1"
    2) "2"
    3) "2.5"
    4) "3"
    5) "2.6"
    6) "2.6"
    7) "333"
    8) "4"
    9) "5"
   10) "6"
   ```

**lset表示設定第幾個元素為多少。**
5. **lpop和rpop**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
    1) "1"
    2) "2"
    3) "2.5"
    4) "3"
    5) "2.6"
    6) "2.6"
    7) "333"
    8) "4"
    9) "5"
   10) "6"
   127.0.0.1:6379> lpop mlist
   "1"
   127.0.0.1:6379> rpop mlist
   "6"
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "2"
   2) "2.5"
   3) "3"
   4) "2.6"
   5) "2.6"
   6) "333"
   7) "4"
   8) "5"

```

**如字面意思，就是從列表彈出值，lpop是從左邊彈出，rpop是從右邊彈出。**
6. **ltrim**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "2"
   2) "2.5"
   3) "3"
   4) "2.6"
   5) "2.6"
   6) "333"
   7) "4"
   8) "5"
   127.0.0.1:6379> ltrim mlist 1 4
   OK
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "2.5"
   2) "3"
   3) "2.6"
   4) "2.6"

```

**ltrim是剪下出來然後儲存。**
7. **mlist**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> lrange mlist 0 -1
   1) "2.5"
   2) "3"
   3) "2.6"
   4) "2.6"
   127.0.0.1:6379> llen mlist
   (integer) 4

```

**求列表的元素個數。**

---

### **Redis之set操作**

1. **sadd**
   **往set中新增元素**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> sadd mset 1234 342 234 111
   (integer) 4
   127.0.0.1:6379> sadd mset ni wo ta
   (integer) 3
   127.0.0.1:6379> smembers mset
   1) "342"
   2) "1234"
   3) "ni"
   4) "111"
   5) "234"
   6) "wo"
   7) "ta"

```
2. **smembers**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> smembers mset
   1) "342"
   2) "1234"
   3) "ni"
   4) "111"
   5) "234"
   6) "wo"
   7) "ta"

```

**檢視集合mset的元素。**
3. **scard**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> scard mset
   (integer) 7
   ```

**檢視集合mset的元素個數**
4. **sinter**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> sadd mset2 a b c d
   (integer) 4
   127.0.0.1:6379> sadd mset2 ni 111
   (integer) 2
   127.0.0.1:6379> sinter mset mset2
   1) "ni"
   2) "111"
   ```

**sinter求兩集合的並集。**
5. **sdiff**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff mset mset2
   1) "1234"
   2) "wo"
   3) "234"
   4) "342"
   5) "ta"

```

**sdiff求差集**
6. **sismember**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> sismember mset 1234
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> sismember mset 12345
   (integer) 0
   ```

**看是否是集合中的元素**
7. **sdiffstore**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore mset3 mset mset2
   (integer) 5
   127.0.0.1:6379> smembers mset3
   1) "1234"
   2) "wo"
   3) "234"
   4) "342"
   5) "ta"
   ```

**把兩個集合的差集存在一個集合裡面。**
8. **smove**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> smove mset2 mset1 a
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> smembers mset2
   1) "c"
   2) "ni"
   3) "b"
   4) "111"
   5) "d"
   127.0.0.1:6379> smembers mset1
   1) "a"

```

**將mset2裡面的元素a移到mset1裡面。**
9. **spop**
   **隨機彈出一個或多個**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> spop mset1
   "a"
   127.0.0.1:6379> spop mset1
   (nil)
   127.0.0.1:6379> spop mset2
   "b"
   127.0.0.1:6379> spop mset2
   "ni"
   127.0.0.1:6379> spop mset2 3
   1) "c"
   2) "d"
   3) "111
   ```

### **Redis之zset**

1. **zadd **

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> zadd MZ 10 Regan 8 jackmac 9 bill 12 jobs 
   (integer) 4
   127.0.0.1:6379> zrange MZ 0 -1 
   1) "jackmac"
   2) "bill"
   3) "Regan"
   4) "jobs"
   ```

**新增元素及其權重到zset裡面。**
2. **zrange**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> zrange MZ 0 -1 
   1) "jackmac"
   2) "bill"
   3) "Regan"
   4) "jobs"
   ```

**檢視所有元素。**
3. **zcard**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> zrange MZ 0 -1 
   1) "jackmac"
   2) "bill"
   3) "Regan"
   4) "jobs"
   127.0.0.1:6379> zcard MZ
   (integer) 4

```

**zcard可以檢視zset的元素個數。**
4. **zcount**

```
   127.0.0.1:6379> zadd MZ 10 Regan 8 jackmac 9 bill 12 jobs 
   (integer) 4
   127.0.0.1:6379> zcount MZ 9 10
   (integer) 2

```

**檢視所在權重範圍的個數。**
5. **zscore**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> zscore MZ Regan
"10"

```

**檢視元素的權重。**

6. **zinterstore**
   ```
   127.0.0.1:6379> zinterstore iz 2 MZ mz2
   (integer) 1
   127.0.0.1:6379> zrange iz 0 -1
   1) "Regan"

```

**將兩個zset合併並儲存。**

7. **zunionstore**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> zunionstore uz 2 iz mz2
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange uz 0 -1 
1) "xiao"
2) "jackma"
3) "Regan"
127.0.0.1:6379> zscore uz xiao
"1"
127.0.0.1:6379> zscore uz Regan
"30"

```

**zunionstore是求並集，並且會將相同元素的權重相加。**

8. **zrank&zrevrank**

```
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange uz 0 -1
1) "xiao"
2) "jackma"
3) "Regan"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrank uz xiao
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank uz xiao
(integer) 2

```

**zrank是求zset內元素的編號。**

**zrevrank是求zset內元素逆序編號。**

手把手教你在Windows和Linux下安裝Redis及瞭解Redis基本操作

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