Entity Framework 6 Code First新特性:支援儲存過程

libingql發表於2014-03-17

  Entity Framework 6提供支援儲存過程的新特性,本文具體演示Entity Framework 6 Code First的儲存過程操作。

Code First的插入/修改/刪除儲存過程

  預設情況下下,Code First配置對全部實體的插入/修改/刪除操作均直接針對表進行。從EF6開始可以配置對全部或部分實體來選擇使用儲存過程。

1. 基本實體對映

1.1 通過Fluent API,配置使用插入/修改/刪除儲存過程

modelBuilder 
    .Entity<Blog>() 
    .MapToStoredProcedures();

1.2 Code First在資料庫中生成儲存過程的約定

  ◊ 生成三個儲存過程,名稱分別為<type_name>_Insert, <type_name>_Update, <type_name>_Delete

  ◊ 引數名對應於屬性名 (注意:如果在 property上使用 HasColumnName() 或者 Column attribute 來重新命名,那麼引數也將使用這個重新命名過的名稱 );

  ◊ The insert stored procedure 為每一個屬性都有一個引數,除了那些標記為資料庫產生的(identity or computed),返回結果為那些標記為資料庫產生的屬性列;

  ◊ The update stored procedure 為每一個屬性都有一個引數,除了那些標記為資料庫產生且模式為 computed 的。一些併發標記的需要一個代表原始值的引數。返回值為那些 computed property 的列;

  ◊ The delete stored procedure 引數為實體主鍵(或者組合主鍵),此外也需要為每一個獨立關聯的外來鍵準備一個引數(指那些沒有在實體上定義相應外來鍵屬性的關係),一些併發標記的需要一個代表原始值的引數。

  示例:

  實體檔案blog.cs:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF6.Models
{
    public partial class Blog
    {
        public int BlogID { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Url { get; set; }
    }
}

  實體對映檔案BlogMap.cs:

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;

namespace EF6.Models.Mapping
{
    public class BlogMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Blog>
    {
        public BlogMap()
        {
            // Primary Key
            this.HasKey(t => t.BlogID);

            // Properties
            this.Property(t => t.Name)
                .HasMaxLength(50);

            this.Property(t => t.Url)
                .HasMaxLength(100);

            // Table & Column Mappings
            this.ToTable("Blog");
            this.Property(t => t.BlogID).HasColumnName("BlogID");
            this.Property(t => t.Name).HasColumnName("Name");
            this.Property(t => t.Url).HasColumnName("Url");

            // Procedures
            this.MapToStoredProcedures();
        }
    }
}

  在程式包管理器控制檯中依次執行:

PM> Enable-Migrations -EnableAutomaticMigrations
PM> Add-Migration InitialCreate
PM> Update-Database -Verbose

  執行完成之後生成資料庫:

  監控生成資料的SQL語句:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Blog] (
    [BlogID] [int] NOT NULL IDENTITY,
    [Name] [nvarchar](50),
    [Url] [nvarchar](100),
    CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.Blog] PRIMARY KEY ([BlogID])
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Blog_Insert]
    @Name [nvarchar](50),
    @Url [nvarchar](100)
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT [dbo].[Blog]([Name], [Url])
    VALUES (@Name, @Url)
    
    DECLARE @BlogID int
    SELECT @BlogID = [BlogID]
    FROM [dbo].[Blog]
    WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogID] = scope_identity()
    
    SELECT t0.[BlogID]
    FROM [dbo].[Blog] AS t0
    WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND t0.[BlogID] = @BlogID
END
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Blog_Update]
    @BlogID [int],
    @Name [nvarchar](50),
    @Url [nvarchar](100)
AS
BEGIN
    UPDATE [dbo].[Blog]
    SET [Name] = @Name, [Url] = @Url
    WHERE ([BlogID] = @BlogID)
END
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[Blog_Delete]
    @BlogID [int]
AS
BEGIN
    DELETE [dbo].[Blog]
    WHERE ([BlogID] = @BlogID)
END

  2、重新預設約定

  2.1、重新命名儲存過程名稱

modelBuilder  
    .Entity<Blog>()  
    .MapToStoredProcedures(s =>  
        s.Update(u => u.HasName("Modify_Blog")));
modelBuilder  
    .Entity<Blog>()  
    .MapToStoredProcedures(s =>  
        s.Update(u => u.HasName("Update_Blog"))  
         .Delete(d => d.HasName("Delete_Blog"))  
         .Insert(i => i.HasName("Insert_Bblog")));
modelBuilder  
    .Entity<Blog>()  
    .MapToStoredProcedures(s =>  
    {  
           s.Update(u => u.HasName("Update_Blog"));  
           s.Delete(d => d.HasName("Delete_Blog"));  
           s.Insert(i => i.HasName("Insert_Blog"));  
     });
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;

namespace EF6.Models.Mapping
{
    public class BlogMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Blog>
    {
        public BlogMap()
        {
            // Primary Key
            this.HasKey(t => t.BlogID);

            // Properties
            this.Property(t => t.Name)
                .HasMaxLength(50);

            this.Property(t => t.Url)
                .HasMaxLength(100);

            // Table & Column Mappings
            this.ToTable("Blog");
            this.Property(t => t.BlogID).HasColumnName("BlogID");
            this.Property(t => t.Name).HasColumnName("Name");
            this.Property(t => t.Url).HasColumnName("Url");

            // Procedures
            this.MapToStoredProcedures(s =>{
                s.Insert(u => u.HasName("Insert_Blog"));
                s.Update(u => u.HasName("Update_Blog"));
                s.Delete(u => u.HasName("Delete_Blog"));
            });
        }
    }
}
View Code

  執行之後執行的SQL語句:

EXECUTE sp_rename @objname = N'dbo.Blog_Insert', @newname = N'Insert_Blog', @objtype = N'OBJECT'
EXECUTE sp_rename @objname = N'dbo.Blog_Update', @newname = N'Update_Blog', @objtype = N'OBJECT'
EXECUTE sp_rename @objname = N'dbo.Blog_Delete', @newname = N'Delete_Blog', @objtype = N'OBJECT'

  2.2、重新命名儲存過程引數名稱

modelBuilder  
  .Entity<Blog>()  
  .MapToStoredProcedures(s =>  
    s.Update(u => u.Parameter(b => b.BlogID, "Blog_ID")));
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;

namespace EF6.Models.Mapping
{
    public class BlogMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Blog>
    {
        public BlogMap()
        {
            // Primary Key
            this.HasKey(t => t.BlogID);

            // Properties
            this.Property(t => t.Name)
                .HasMaxLength(50);

            this.Property(t => t.Url)
                .HasMaxLength(100);

            // Table & Column Mappings
            this.ToTable("Blog");
            this.Property(t => t.BlogID).HasColumnName("BlogID");
            this.Property(t => t.Name).HasColumnName("Name");
            this.Property(t => t.Url).HasColumnName("Url");

            // Procedures
            this.MapToStoredProcedures(s =>
            {
                s.Update(u => u.Parameter(b => b.BlogID, "Blog_ID"));
            });
        }
    }
}
View Code

  執行之後執行的SQL語句:

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[Blog_Update]
    @Blog_ID [int],
    @Name [nvarchar](50),
    @Url [nvarchar](100)
AS
BEGIN
    UPDATE [dbo].[Blog]
    SET [Name] = @Name, [Url] = @Url
    WHERE ([BlogID] = @Blog_ID)
END
modelBuilder  
  .Entity<Blog>()  
  .MapToStoredProcedures(s =>  
    s.Update(u => u.HasName("Update_Blog")  
                   .Parameter(b => b.BlogID, "Blog_ID")  
                   .Parameter(b => b.Name, "Blog_Name")  
                   .Parameter(b => b.Url, "Blog_Url"))  
     .Delete(d => d.HasName("Delete_Blog")  
                   .Parameter(b => b.BlogID, "Blog_ID"))  
     .Insert(i => i.HasName("Insert_Blog")  
                   .Parameter(b => b.Name, "Blog_Name")  
                   .Parameter(b => b.Url, "Blog_Url")));

  2.3、重新命名資料庫自動生成列的返回值的列名

modelBuilder 
  .Entity<Blog>() 
  .MapToStoredProcedures(s => 
    s.Insert(i => i.Result(b => b.BlogID, "generated_blog_identity")));
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;

namespace EF6.Models.Mapping
{
    public class BlogMap : EntityTypeConfiguration<Blog>
    {
        public BlogMap()
        {
            // Primary Key
            this.HasKey(t => t.BlogID);

            // Properties
            this.Property(t => t.Name)
                .HasMaxLength(50);

            this.Property(t => t.Url)
                .HasMaxLength(100);

            // Table & Column Mappings
            this.ToTable("Blog");
            this.Property(t => t.BlogID).HasColumnName("BlogID");
            this.Property(t => t.Name).HasColumnName("Name");
            this.Property(t => t.Url).HasColumnName("Url");

            // Procedures
            this.MapToStoredProcedures(s =>
            {
                s.Insert(i => i.Result(b => b.BlogID, "generated_blog_identity"));
            });
        }
    }
}
View Code

  執行之後執行的SQL語句:

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[Blog_Insert]
    @Name [nvarchar](50),
    @Url [nvarchar](100)
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT [dbo].[Blog]([Name], [Url])
    VALUES (@Name, @Url)
    
    DECLARE @BlogID int
    SELECT @BlogID = [BlogID]
    FROM [dbo].[Blog]
    WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND [BlogID] = scope_identity()
    
    SELECT t0.[BlogID] AS generated_blog_identity
    FROM [dbo].[Blog] AS t0
    WHERE @@ROWCOUNT > 0 AND t0.[BlogID] = @BlogID
END

  3、多對多關係

  兩個多對多的實體類:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF6.Models
{
    public partial class Post
    {
        public int PostID { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public string Content { get; set; }
        public virtual ICollection<Tag> Tags { get; set; }
    }
}
View Code
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace EF6.Models
{
    public partial class Tag
    {
        public int TagID { get; set; }
        public string TagName { get; set; }
        public virtual ICollection<Post> Posts { get; set; }
    }
}
View Code

  對映儲存過程:

protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
    modelBuilder.Entity<Post>()
        .HasMany(p => p.Tags)
        .WithMany(t => t.Posts)
        .MapToStoredProcedures();
}

  預設生成的儲存過程:

  ◊ 生成兩個儲存過程,命名為 <type_one><type_two>_Insert 和 <type_one><type_two>_Delete

  ◊ 引數為每一型別的主鍵(或組合主鍵),命名為 <type_name>_<property_name>

  程式碼執行後生成的儲存過程:

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[PostTag_Insert]
    @Post_PostID [int],
    @Tag_TagID [int]
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT [dbo].[PostTags]([Post_PostID], [Tag_TagID])
    VALUES (@Post_PostID, @Tag_TagID)
END
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[PostTag_Delete]
    @Post_PostID [int],
    @Tag_TagID [int]
AS
BEGIN
    DELETE [dbo].[PostTags]
    WHERE (([Post_PostID] = @Post_PostID) AND ([Tag_TagID] = @Tag_TagID))
END

   參考資料:

  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/dn468673

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