在SQL Server資料庫中如何檢視一個登入名(login)的具體許可權呢，如果使用SSMS的UI介面檢視登入名的具體許可權的話，使用者資料庫非常多的話，要梳理完它所有的許可權，操作又耗時又麻煩，個人十分崇尚簡潔、高效的方法，反感那些需要大量手工操作的UI介面操作方式，哪怕就是指令碼，如果不能一次搞定，手工多操作幾次(例如，切換資料庫)，都是不可接受的。最近遇到這個需求，就完善了一下之前的指令碼get_login_rights_script.sql，輸入登入名引數，將這個登入名所擁有的伺服器角色、資料庫角色、以及所授予具體物件的相關許可權使用指令碼查詢出來，指令碼分享如下：
--==================================================================================================================
-- ScriptName : get_login_rights_script.sql
-- Author : 瀟湘隱者
-- CreateDate : 2015-12-18
-- Description : 檢視某個登入名被授予的資料庫物件的許可權的指令碼（授權指令碼和回收許可權指令碼）
-- Note :
/******************************************************************************************************************
Parameters : 引數說明
********************************************************************************************************************
@login_name : 你要檢視許可權的登入名(需要輸入替換的引數)
********************************************************************************************************************
Modified Date Modified User Version Modified Reason
********************************************************************************************************************
2018-08-03 瀟湘隱者 V01.00.00 新建該指令碼。
2019-04-04 瀟湘隱者 V01.01.00 Fix掉一個bug，某個表只允許更新某個欄位，但是這裡顯示更新整個表。
2019-09-25 瀟湘隱者 V01.02.00 解決只能檢視某個使用者資料庫，不能檢視所有資料庫的許可權問題。
2019-09-25 瀟湘隱者 V01.03.00 解決資料庫名包含中劃線[-], 出現下面錯誤問題
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Msg 911, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Database 'xxxx' does not exist. Make sure that the name is entered correctly.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*******************************************************************************************************************/
DECLARE @login_name NVARCHAR(32)= 'test1';
DECLARE @database_name NVARCHAR(64);
DECLARE @cmdText NVARCHAR(MAX);
IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB.dbo.#databases') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#databases;
CREATE TABLE #databases
(
database_id INT,
database_name sysname
);
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_db_roles') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_db_roles;
CREATE TABLE dbo.#user_db_roles
(
[DB_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
,[USER_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
,[ROLE_NAME] NVARCHAR(64)
);
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_object_rights') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_object_rights;
CREATE TABLE dbo.#user_object_rights
(
[DATABASE_NAME] NVARCHAR(128),
[SCHEMA_NAME] NVARCHAR(64),
[OBJECT_NAME] NVARCHAR(128),
[USER_NAME] NVARCHAR(32),
[PERMISSIONS_TYPE] CHAR(12),
[PERMISSION_NAME] NVARCHAR(128),
[PERMISSION_STATE] NVARCHAR(64),
[CLASS_DESC] NVARCHAR(64),
[COLUMN_NAME] NVARCHAR(32),
[STATE_DESC] NVARCHAR(64),
[GRANT_STMT] NVARCHAR(MAX),
[REVOKE_STMT] NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
INSERT INTO #databases
SELECT database_id ,
name
FROM sys.databases
WHERE name NOT IN ('model') AND state = 0; --state_desc=ONLINE
--登入名授予的伺服器角色
SELECT UserName = u.name ,
ServerRole = g.name ,
Type = u.type,
Type_Desc = u.Type_Desc,
Create_Date = u.create_date,
Modify_Date = u.modify_date,
DenyLogin = l.denylogin
FROM sys.server_role_members m
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals g ON g.principal_id = m.role_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals u ON u.principal_id = m.member_principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.syslogins l ON u.name = l.name
WHERE l.name=@login_name
ORDER BY u.name,g.name;
WHILE 1= 1
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @database_name= database_name
FROM #databases
ORDER BY database_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT =0
BREAK;
SET @cmdText = N'USE ' + QUOTENAME(@database_name) + N';' +CHAR(10)
--登入名授予的資料庫角色
SELECT @cmdText += N'INSERT INTO #user_db_roles
SELECT DB_NAME() AS [DB_NAME]
,M.NAME AS [USER_NAME]
,R.NAME AS [ROLE_NAME]
FROM sys.DATABASE_ROLE_MEMBERS RM
INNER JOIN sys.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS R ON RM.ROLE_PRINCIPAL_ID = R.PRINCIPAL_ID
INNER JOIN sys.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS M ON RM.MEMBER_PRINCIPAL_ID = M.PRINCIPAL_ID
WHERE M.NAME=@p_login_name' + CHAR(10);
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText, N'@p_login_name NVARCHAR(32)',@p_login_name=@login_name;
SET @cmdText = N'USE ' +QUOTENAME(@database_name) + N';' +CHAR(10);
--檢視具體物件的授權問題
SELECT @cmdText +=N'INSERT INTO dbo.#user_object_rights
( [DATABASE_NAME] ,
[SCHEMA_NAME] ,
[OBJECT_NAME] ,
[USER_NAME] ,
[PERMISSIONS_TYPE] ,
[PERMISSION_NAME] ,
[PERMISSION_STATE] ,
[CLASS_DESC] ,
[COLUMN_NAME] ,
[STATE_DESC] ,
[GRANT_STMT] ,
[REVOKE_STMT]
)
SELECT DB_NAME() AS [DATABASE_NAME]
, SYS.SCHEMAS.NAME AS [SCHEMA_NAME]
, ob.NAME AS [OBJECT_NAME]
, SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS.NAME AS [USER_NAME]
, dp.TYPE AS [PERMISSIONS_TYPE]
, dp.PERMISSION_NAME AS [PERMISSION_NAME]
, dp.STATE AS [PERMISSION_STATE]
, dp.CLASS_DESC AS [CLASS_DESC]
, sc.name AS [COLUMN_NAME]
, dp.STATE_DESC AS [STATE_DESC]
, dp.STATE_DESC + '' '' + dp.PERMISSION_NAME + '' ON [''+ SYS.SCHEMAS.NAME + ''].['' + ob.NAME + ''] TO ['' + SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS.NAME + ''];'' COLLATE LATIN1_GENERAL_CI_AS
AS [GRANT_STMT]
, ''REVOKE '' + dp.PERMISSION_NAME + '' ON [''+ SYS.SCHEMAS.NAME + ''].['' + ob.NAME + ''] FROM ['' + SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS.NAME + ''];'' COLLATE LATIN1_GENERAL_CI_AS
AS [REVOKE_STMT]
FROM SYS.DATABASE_PERMISSIONS dp
LEFT OUTER JOIN SYS.OBJECTS ob ON dp.MAJOR_ID = ob.OBJECT_ID
LEFT OUTER JOIN SYS.SCHEMAS ON ob.SCHEMA_ID = SYS.SCHEMAS.SCHEMA_ID
LEFT OUTER JOIN SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS ON dp.GRANTEE_PRINCIPAL_ID = SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS.PRINCIPAL_ID
LEFT OUTER JOIN SYS.columns sc ON ob.object_id = sc.object_id AND sc.column_id = dp.minor_id
WHERE SYS.DATABASE_PRINCIPALS.NAME =@p_login_name
ORDER BY PERMISSIONS_TYPE;'
PRINT(@cmdText);
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @cmdText, N'@p_login_name NVARCHAR(32)',@p_login_name=@login_name;
DELETE FROM #databases WHERE database_name=@database_name;
END
SELECT * FROM tempdb.dbo.#user_db_roles;
SELECT * FROM dbo.#user_object_rights;
IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB.dbo.#databases') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#databases;
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_db_roles') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_db_roles;
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb.dbo.#user_object_rights') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE dbo.#user_object_rights;
總結
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的SQL Server檢視login所授予的具體許可權問題,希望對大家有所幫助，