【Flutter 專題】73 圖解自定義 ACECheckBox 核取方塊｜8月更文挑戰

阿策小和尚發表於2021-08-14
Flutter圖解

      “這是我參與8月更文挑戰的第15天，活動詳情檢視： 8月更文挑戰” juejin.cn/post/698796…

      CheckBox 核取方塊對於所有的開發朋友並不陌生，Flutter 提供了簡單便捷的使用方法，但針對不同的業務場景，可能會有些許的不同，例如圓角矩形替換為圓形，核取方塊尺寸調整等；       小菜今天通過對 CheckBox 進行研究擴充套件實現如下功能的 自定義 ACECheckBox 核取方塊；

  1. 核取方塊可變更未選中狀態顏色；
  2. 核取方塊支援圓形樣式；
  3. 核取方塊支援自定義尺寸；

CheckBox

原始碼分析

const Checkbox({
    Key key,
    @required this.value,       // 核取方塊狀態 true/false/null
    this.tristate = false,      // 是否為三態
    @required this.onChanged,   // 狀態變更回撥
    this.activeColor,           // 選中狀態填充顏色
    this.checkColor,            // 選中狀態對號顏色
    this.materialTapTargetSize, // 點選範圍
})
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      分析原始碼可知，tristate 為 true 時核取方塊有三種狀態；為 false 時 value 不可為 null；

案例嘗試

return Checkbox( value: state, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => state = value));

return Checkbox(value: state, checkColor: Colors.purpleAccent.withOpacity(0.7),
      onChanged: (value) => setState(() => state = value));

return Checkbox(value: state, activeColor: Colors.teal.withOpacity(0.3), checkColor: Colors.purpleAccent.withOpacity(0.7),
      onChanged: (value) => setState(() => state = value));

return Checkbox(tristate: true, value: _triState == null ? _triState : state, 
      activeColor: Colors.teal.withOpacity(0.3), checkColor: Colors.purpleAccent.withOpacity(0.7),
      onChanged: (value) => setState(() {
            if (value == null) {
              _triState = value;
            } else {
              _triState = ''; state = value;
            }
          }));
}
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ACECheckBox

擴充套件一：變更未選中顏色

原始碼分析
// CheckBox
inactiveColor: widget.onChanged != null ? themeData.unselectedWidgetColor : themeData.disabledColor,
// ACECheckBox
inactiveColor: widget.onChanged != null
    ? widget.unCheckColor ?? themeData.unselectedWidgetColor
    : themeData.disabledColor,
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      分析 CheckBox 原始碼，其中核取方塊未選中顏色通過 ThemeData.unselectedWidgetColor 設定，修改顏色成本較大，小菜新增了 unCheckColor 屬性，可自由設定未選中狀態顏色，未設定時預設為 ThemeData.unselectedWidgetColor；

案例嘗試
return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.7),
      unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, activeColor: Colors.indigoAccent.withOpacity(0.3), checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.7),
      unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(tristate: true, value: _triAceState == null ? _triAceState : aceState,
      activeColor: Colors.indigoAccent.withOpacity(0.7), checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.4),
      unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, onChanged: (value) {
        setState(() {
          if (value == null) {
            _triAceState = value;
          } else {
            _triAceState = ''; aceState = value;
          }
        });
      });
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擴充套件二：新增圓形樣式

原始碼分析
// 繪製邊框
_drawBorder(canvas, outer, t, offset, type, paint) {
  assert(t >= 0.0 && t <= 0.5);
  final double size = outer.width;
  if ((type ?? ACECheckBoxType.normal) == ACECheckBoxType.normal) {
    canvas.drawDRRect(
        outer, outer.deflate(math.min(size / 2.0, _kStrokeWidth + size * t)),
        paint..strokeWidth = _kStrokeWidth / 2.0..style = PaintingStyle.fill);
  } else {
    canvas.drawCircle(
        Offset(offset.dx + size / 2.0, offset.dy + size / 2.0), size / 2.0,
        paint..strokeWidth = _kStrokeWidth..style = PaintingStyle.stroke);
  }
}
// 繪製填充
_drawInner(canvas, outer, offset, type, paint) {
  if ((type ?? ACECheckBoxType.normal) == ACECheckBoxType.normal) {
    canvas.drawRRect(outer, paint);
  } else {
    canvas.drawCircle(
        Offset(offset.dx + outer.width / 2.0, offset.dy + outer.width / 2.0),
        outer.width / 2.0, paint);
  }
}
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      分析原始碼可知，CheckBox 邊框和內部填充以及對號全是通過 Canvas 進行繪製，其中繪製邊框時，採用雙層圓角矩形方式 drawDRRect，預設兩層圓角矩形之間是填充方式；小菜新增 ACECheckBoxType 屬性，允許使用者設定圓角樣式；       繪製邊框時畫筆屬性要與 drawDRRect 進行區分；其中核取方塊邊框和內部填充兩部分需要進行樣式判斷；

案例嘗試
return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, type: ACECheckBoxType.circle, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.7),
      unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, type: ACECheckBoxType.circle,
      onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(
      value: aceState, activeColor: Colors.indigoAccent.withOpacity(0.3), checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.7),
      unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, type: ACECheckBoxType.circle,
      onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(tristate: true, value: _triAceState == null ? _triAceState : aceState,
      activeColor: Colors.indigoAccent.withOpacity(0.7), checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.4),
      unCheckColor: Colors.amberAccent, type: ACECheckBoxType.circle,
      onChanged: (value) {
        setState(() {
          if (value == null) {
            _triAceState = value;
          } else {
            _triAceState = ''; aceState = value;
          }
        });
      });
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擴充套件三：自定義尺寸

原始碼分析
@override
void paint(PaintingContext context, Offset offset) {
  final Canvas canvas = context.canvas;
  paintRadialReaction(canvas, offset, size.center(Offset.zero));
  
  final Paint strokePaint = _createStrokePaint(checkColor);
  final Offset origin = offset + (size / 2.0 - Size.square(width) / 2.0);
  final AnimationStatus status = position.status;
  final double tNormalized = status == AnimationStatus.forward || status == AnimationStatus.completed ? position.value : 1.0 - position.value;
  if (_oldValue == false || value == false) {
    final double t = value == false ? 1.0 - tNormalized : tNormalized;
    final RRect outer = _outerRectAt(origin, t);
    final Paint paint = Paint()..color = _colorAt(t);
    if (t <= 0.5) {
      _drawBorder(canvas, outer, t, origin, type, paint);
    } else {
      _drawInner(canvas, outer, origin, type, paint);
      final double tShrink = (t - 0.5) * 2.0;
      if (_oldValue == null || value == null)
        _drawDash(canvas, origin, tShrink, width, strokePaint);
      else
        _drawCheck(canvas, origin, tShrink, width, strokePaint);
    }
  } else {
    final RRect outer = _outerRectAt(origin, 1.0);
    final Paint paint = Paint()..color = _colorAt(1.0);
    _drawInner(canvas, outer, origin, type, paint);
    if (tNormalized <= 0.5) {
      final double tShrink = 1.0 - tNormalized * 2.0;
      if (_oldValue == true)
        _drawCheck(canvas, origin, tShrink, width, strokePaint);
      else
        _drawDash(canvas, origin, tShrink, width, strokePaint);
    } else {
      final double tExpand = (tNormalized - 0.5) * 2.0;
      if (value == true)
        _drawCheck(canvas, origin, tExpand, width, strokePaint);
      else
        _drawDash(canvas, origin, tExpand, width, strokePaint);
    }
  }
}
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      分析原始碼 CheckBox 尺寸是固定的 Checkbox.width = 18.0，無法調整尺寸，小菜新增一個 width 引數，預設為 18.0 允許使用者按需調整尺寸；如上是繪製核取方塊的三態情況；

案例嘗試
return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, width: 10.0, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.7), width: 18.0,
      onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(value: aceState, activeColor: Colors.indigoAccent.withOpacity(0.3), checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.7),
      width: 28.0, onChanged: (value) => setState(() => aceState = value));

return ACECheckbox(tristate: true, value: _triAceState == null ? _triAceState : aceState,
      activeColor: Colors.indigoAccent.withOpacity(0.7), checkColor: Colors.red.withOpacity(0.4),
      type: ACECheckBoxType.normal, width: 38.0, onChanged: (value) {
        setState(() {
          if (value == null) {
            _triAceState = value;
          } else {
            _triAceState = ''; aceState = value;
          }
        });
      });
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      ACECheckBox 原始碼

      小菜在擴充套件過程中，學習 CheckBox 原始碼，還有很多有意思的地方，包括對 true/false/null 三態的處理方式，以及 .lerp 動畫效果的應用，在實際應用中都很有幫助；       小菜自定義 ACECheckBox 的擴充套件還不夠完善，目前暫未新增圖片或 Icon 的樣式，以後有機會一同擴充套件；如有錯誤請多多指導！

來源： 阿策小和尚

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