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這兩天51cto上的一個粉絲朋友問了我一個問題,Ability之間使用Sequenceable序列化傳遞資料,如何傳遞Uri型別資料?網上確實也沒有介紹這個使用的demo,為了幫他解決問題,自己幫他寫了一個demo,順手釋出一篇部落格和原始碼。
seralizable是在java api中的類,用它也可以實現序列化,而在android中也有一個類使物件序列化,那就是parcelable,而在HarmonyOS中用Sequenceable來進行序列化。
那麼它們之間有什麼區別呢?
seralizable:序列化到本地,是一個持久化的操作,效率慢一點
parcelable:只存在於記憶體,程式結束,序列化後的物件就不存在了。效率快一點
Sequenceable:等同parcelable在Android中的作用。
下面我編寫兩個AbilitySlice之間互相跳轉來傳遞資料
MainAbilitySlice對應的佈局檔案程式碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayout
xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
ohos:height="match_parent"
ohos:width="match_parent"
ohos:orientation="vertical">
<Text
ohos:id="$+id:text_helloworld"
ohos:height="match_content"
ohos:width="match_content"
ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"
ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
ohos:text="Hello World"
ohos:text_size="50"
/>
</DirectionalLayout>
就是系統自動生成的helloworld,我偷懶就沒修改了,核心不在這裡。
再建立一個TestSlice,佈局程式碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<DirectionalLayout
xmlns:ohos="http://schemas.huawei.com/res/ohos"
ohos:height="match_parent"
ohos:width="match_parent"
ohos:orientation="vertical">
<Text
ohos:id="$+id:text_helloworld"
ohos:height="match_content"
ohos:width="match_content"
ohos:background_element="$graphic:background_ability_main"
ohos:layout_alignment="horizontal_center"
ohos:text="TEST"
ohos:text_size="50"
/>
</DirectionalLayout>
為了要在兩個Slice中間傳遞一個序列化物件資料,需要先建立一個實體類,並且實現Sequenceable介面,這裡才是整個的核心程式碼,如下:
package com.xdw.sequencedemo;
import ohos.utils.Parcel;
import ohos.utils.Sequenceable;
import ohos.utils.net.Uri;
/**
* Created by 夏德旺 on 2021/2/26 10:39
*/
public class Student implements Sequenceable {
private int number;
private String name;
private Uri uri;
public Student() {
}
public Student(int number, String name, Uri uri) {
this.number = number;
this.name = name;
this.uri = uri;
}
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Uri getUri() {
return uri;
}
public void setUri(Uri uri) {
this.uri = uri;
}
//上面是傳統的實體類的建構函式和getter、setter
//下面是序列化的核心
//向包裹中寫入資料,包裹可以理解為一塊記憶體區
public boolean marshalling(Parcel out) {
out.writeSequenceable(uri); //注意Uri型別的寫法和普通資料型別有所不同
return out.writeInt(number) && out.writeString(name);
}
//從包裹中讀取資料
public boolean unmarshalling(Parcel in) {
this.number = in.readInt();
this.name = in.readString();
return in.readSequenceable(uri); //注意Uri型別的寫法和普通資料型別有所不同
}
//序列化物件的內部構造器,必須實現
public static final Sequenceable.Producer
PRODUCER = new Sequenceable.Producer
() {
public Student createFromParcel(Parcel in) { //從包裹中獲取資料構造物件
// Initialize an instance first, then do customized unmarshlling.
Student instance = new Student();
instance.unmarshalling(in);
return instance;
} //必須實現Producer
};
}
下面編寫MainAbilitySlice的程式碼,給Text控制元件新增一個點選事件來跳轉頁面並且傳遞一個student引數
package com.xdw.sequencedemo.slice; import com.xdw.sequencedemo.ResourceTable; import com.xdw.sequencedemo.Student; import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice; import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent; import ohos.agp.components.Component; import ohos.agp.components.Text; import ohos.agp.window.dialog.ToastDialog; import ohos.utils.net.Uri; public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice { private Text text; @Override public void onStart(Intent intent) { super.onStart(intent); super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main); text = (Text)findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_text_helloworld); text.setClickedListener(new Component.ClickedListener() { @Override public void onClick(Component component) { Intent intent1 = new Intent(); Student student = new Student(); student.setNumber(1); student.setName("夏德旺"); Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.xiadewang.com:8080/login?username=xdw&password=123"); String scheme = uri.getScheme(); //new ToastDialog(getContext()).setText("scheme="+scheme).show(); student.setUri(uri); intent1.setParam("student",student); present(new TestSlice(),intent1); } }); } @Override public void onActive() { super.onActive(); } @Override public void onForeground(Intent intent) { super.onForeground(intent); } }
編寫TestSlice的程式碼接收傳遞過來的student引數,並且通過toast展示
package com.xdw.sequencedemo.slice;
import com.xdw.sequencedemo.ResourceTable;
import com.xdw.sequencedemo.Student;
import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice;
import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent;
import ohos.agp.window.dialog.ToastDialog;
import ohos.utils.net.Uri;
/**
* Created by 夏德旺 on 2021/2/26 10:39
*/
public class TestSlice extends AbilitySlice {
@Override
protected void onStart(Intent intent) {
super.onStart(intent);
super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_slice_test);
if(intent!=null){
Student student = intent.getSequenceableParam("student");
String name = student.getName();
Uri uri = student.getUri();
//new ToastDialog(getContext()).setText("name="+name).show();
new ToastDialog(getContext()).setText("scheme="+uri.getScheme()).show();
}
}
@Override
protected void onActive() {
super.onActive();
}
@Override
protected void onForeground(Intent intent) {
super.onForeground(intent);
}
}
到此,程式碼編寫完成,下面是執行測試圖
這裡也順便完美解決了之前51cto上的粉絲朋友問我的Sequenceable物件無法讀取Uri資料的問題。
作者:軟通夏德旺
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