> postgresql upgrade 10 to 13 -- by Firsouler 2021.1.19

#### 1.基礎環境配置

> 下載：https://www.postgresql.org/download/.

安裝主備

```  shell
#建立相關目錄
mkdir -p /pgdata/pgsql13
mkdir -p /pgdata/data13

su - postgres
gunzip  postgresql-13.1.tar.gz 
tar -xvf postgresql-13.1.tar

#編譯命令
./configure -help

#prefix=prefix  指定安裝目錄，預設的安裝目錄為"/usr/local/pgsql"
#includedir=DIR  指定C和C++的標頭檔案目錄，預設的安裝目錄為"PREFIX/include"
#with-pgort=PORTNUM  指定初始化資料目錄時的預設埠號
#with-blocksize=BLOCKSIZE  指定資料檔案的塊大小，預設的是8kb,如果再olap場景，可適當增加到32kb，oltp建議8kb
#with-segsize=SEGSIZE  指定單個資料檔案的大小，預設為1GB
#with-wal-blocksize=BLOCKSIZE  指定wal檔案的塊大小
#with-wal-segment=SEGSIZE   指定單個wal檔案的大小，預設16MB

#with--xxx--size 四個引數只能在編譯的時候指定，如果修改，需要重新將資料匯出匯入
```

開始安裝

````
#檢視埠號
netstat -a | grep PGSQL

#建議備份資料庫，並停止資料庫
pg_dumpall > backup2021.sql
pg_ctl stop

#開始配置
./configure --prefix=/pgdata/pgsql13 --with-pgport=5432

#編譯
make
#編譯，如果希望一次性將文件和附加模組全部進行編譯和安裝，可以使用make world，推薦該命令
make world #or make /make all

#安裝
make install-world  #or make insall

#初始化資料目錄 注意環境變數 LANG
/pgdata/pgsql13/bin/initdb -E UTF-8 -D /pgdata/data13

#檢視資料庫LC_COLLATE,LC_CTYPE,資料庫字元編碼
\l
--or
select * from pg_database;
--更換
UPDATE pg_database SET datcollate='en_US.UTF-8', datctype='en_US.UTF-8' where datname='postgres';
````

#### 2.升級

檢查版本相容性：

```
/pgdata/pgsql13/bin/pg_upgrade -b /pgdata/pgsql/bin -B /pgdata/pgsql13/bin -d /pgdata/data -D /pgdata/data13 -k -c

#Performing Consistency Checks
#-----------------------------
#Checking cluster versions                                   ok
#Checking database user is the install user                  ok
#Checking database connection settings                       ok
#Checking for prepared transactions                          ok
#Checking for reg* data types in user tables                 ok
#Checking for contrib/isn with bigint-passing mismatch       ok
#Checking for tables WITH OIDS                               ok
#Checking for invalid "sql_identifier" user columns          ok
#Checking for presence of required libraries                 ok
#Checking database user is the install user                  ok
#Checking for prepared transactions                          ok
#Checking for new cluster tablespace directories             ok

#*Clusters are compatible*
```

開始升級
```
/pgdata/pgsql13/bin/pg_upgrade \
     --old-datadir=/pgdata/data \
     --new-datadir=/pgdata/data13 \
     --old-bindir=/pgdata/pgsql/bin \
     --new-bindir=/pgdata/pgsql13/bin \
     --old-options '-c config_file=/pgdata/data/postgresql.conf' \
     --new-options '-c config_file=/pgdata/data13/postgresql.conf'

#輸出樣例
Performing Upgrade
------------------
Analyzing all rows in the new cluster                       ok
Freezing all rows in the new cluster                        ok
Deleting files from new pg_xact                             ok
Copying old pg_xact to new server                           ok
Setting next transaction ID and epoch for new cluster       ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/offsets                ok
Copying old pg_multixact/offsets to new server              ok
Deleting files from new pg_multixact/members                ok
Copying old pg_multixact/members to new server              ok
Setting next multixact ID and offset for new cluster        ok
Resetting WAL archives                                      ok
Setting frozenxid and minmxid counters in new cluster       ok
Restoring global objects in the new cluster                 ok
Restoring database schemas in the new cluster
                                                            ok
Copying user relation files
                                                            ok 
Setting next OID for new cluster                            ok
Sync data directory to disk                                 ok
Creating script to analyze new cluster                      ok

WARNING:  user-defined tablespace locations should not be inside the data directory, e.g. /pgdata/data/pg_tbs/tbs_mydb

Upgrade Complete
----------------
Optimizer statistics are not transferred by pg_upgrade so,
once you start the new server, consider running:
    ./analyze_new_cluster.sh

Could not create a script to delete the old cluster's data files
because user-defined tablespaces or the new cluster's data directory
exist in the old cluster directory.  The old cluster's contents must
be deleted manually.
#注意，不能刪除老的目錄，因為有使用者自定義的相關表空間等

#收集新庫統計資訊
pg_start
./analyze_new_cluster.sh
```

後續工作

``` sql
--修改環境變數，檢視版本
postgres=# select version();
                                                 version                                                 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PostgreSQL 13.1 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16), 64-bit
(1 row)
```

【pgupgrade】Postgresql10升級到Postgresql13

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