來了，k8s！-----------------k8s叢集部署

未聞花名花先鳴發表於2020-11-30

k8s的叢集部署，官方提供了三種方式：

minikube
Minikube是一個工具，可以在本地快速執行的一個單點的k8s，僅用於嘗試k8s或日常開發的使用者使用。部署地址：https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/
kubeadm
Kubeadm也是一個工具，提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join，用於快速部署k8s叢集。部署地址：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/
二進位制包
推薦，從官方下載發行版的二進位制包，手動部署每個元件，組成Kubernetes叢集。下載地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases

（其中minikube一般不用；kubeadm一般中小型公司喜歡用，因為方便、快捷，但如果出現問題，排障較困難；二進位制包的部署方式是比較推薦的，手動部署可以對每個元件進行配置，當出現故障時可以通過定位故障點進行排障，但需要對二進位制安裝熟悉）

單master叢集架構圖
在這裡插入圖片描述

多master叢集架構圖
在這裡插入圖片描述

自籤SSL證書
在這裡插入圖片描述

Etcd資料庫叢集部署

二進位制包下載地址
https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases
檢視叢集狀態

/opt/etcd/bin/etcd/etcdctl \
--ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem \
--endpoints=”https://192.168.0.x:2379,https://192.168.0.x:2379,https://192.168.0.x:2379” \
cluster-health

Flannel容器叢集網路部署

Overlay Network：覆蓋網路，在基礎網路上疊加的一種虛擬網路技術模式，該網路中的主機通過虛擬鏈路連線起來。
VXLAN：將源資料包封裝到UDP中，並使用基礎網路的IP/MAC作為外層報文頭進行封裝，然後在乙太網上傳輸，到達目的地後由隧道端點解封裝並將資料傳送給目標地址。
Flannel：是Overlay網路的一種，也是將源資料包封裝在另一種網路包裡進行路由轉發和通訊，目前已經支援UDP、VXLAN、AWS VPC和GCE路由等資料轉發方式。

Flannel容器叢集網路部署
在這裡插入圖片描述

在這裡插入圖片描述

k8s二進位制部署

伺服器規劃：

伺服器	IP
master1	20.0.0.31/24
master2	20.0.0.34/24
node1	20.0.0.32/24
node2	20.0.0.33/24
lb1	20.0.0.35/24
lb2	20.0.0.36/ 24
Harbor私有倉庫	20.0.0.37/24

下載官方構建好的二進位制包：
官網地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases?after=v1.13.1

//在master上操作

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir k8s
[root@localhost ~]# cd k8s/
[root@localhost ~]# vim etcd.sh
#!/bin/bash
# example: ./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.1.10 etcd02=https://192.168.1.11:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.1.12:2380

ETCD_NAME=$1
ETCD_IP=$2
ETCD_CLUSTER=$3

WORK_DIR=/opt/etcd

cat <<EOF >$WORK_DIR/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="${ETCD_NAME}"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://${ETCD_IP}:2380,${ETCD_CLUSTER}"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=${WORK_DIR}/cfg/etcd
ExecStart=${WORK_DIR}/bin/etcd \
--name=\${ETCD_NAME} \
--data-dir=\${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \
--listen-peer-urls=\${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
--listen-client-urls=\${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=\${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=\${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
--initial-cluster=\${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER} \
--initial-cluster-token=\${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl restart etcd




[root@localhost ~]# vim etcd-cert.sh
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

#-----------------------

cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "10.206.240.188",
    "10.206.240.189",
    "10.206.240.111"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server




[root@localhost k8s]# ls 
etcd.sh  etcd-cert.sh

#下載證書製作工具

[root@localhost k8s]# vim cfssl.sh
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo

#下載cfssl官方包

[root@localhost k8s]# bash cfssl.sh
[root@localhost k8s]# ls /usr/local/bin/
cfssl  cfssl-certinfo  cfssljson
#cfssl 生成證書工具   
#cfssljson通過傳入json檔案生成證書
#cfssl-certinfo檢視證書資訊

#定義ca證書

cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"     
        ]  
      } 
    }         
  }
}
EOF

#實現證書籤名

cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF 
{   
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

#生產證書，生成ca-key.pem ca.pem

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
（提示資訊）
2020/01/13 16:32:56 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2020/01/13 16:32:56 [INFO] generate received request
2020/01/13 16:32:56 [INFO] received CSR
2020/01/13 16:32:56 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/01/13 16:32:56 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/01/13 16:32:56 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 595395605361409801445623232629543954602649157326

#指定etcd三個節點之間的通訊驗證（因為這裡先部署單節點，1個master+2個node，要將3個etcd部署在這3個節點，所以指定的是這3個伺服器的IP）

cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "20.0.0.31",
    "20.0.0.32",
    "20.0.0.33"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

#生成ETCD證書 server-key.pem server.pem

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
（提示資訊）
2020/01/13 17:01:30 [INFO] generate received request
2020/01/13 17:01:30 [INFO] received CSR
2020/01/13 17:01:30 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/01/13 17:01:30 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/01/13 17:01:30 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 202782620910318985225034109831178600652439985681
2020/01/13 17:01:30 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

#ETCD 二進位制包地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases
下載這些包：
etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#將這三個包放到當前目錄下

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# ls
ca-config.json  etcd-cert.sh                          server-csr.json
ca.csr          etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz       server-key.pem
ca-csr.json     flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz    server.pem
ca-key.pem      kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
ca.pem          server.cs      cfssl.sh
（此時該目錄下的所有東西）

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# mv *.tar.gz ../
[root@localhost etcd-cert]# cd ..
[root@localhost k8s]# ls
cfssl.sh   etcd.sh                          flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-cert  etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz  kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@localhost k8s]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost k8s]# ls etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64
Documentation  etcd  etcdctl  README-etcdctl.md  README.md  READMEv2-etcdctl.md

[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir /opt/etcd/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p    //配置檔案，命令檔案，證書

[root@localhost k8s]# mv etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcd etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/

#證書拷貝

[root@localhost k8s]# cp etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

#等待其他節點加入，這時會進入等待狀態，這時候輸入不了命令

[root@localhost k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 20.0.0.31 etcd02=https://20.0.0.32:2380,etcd03=https://20.0.0.33:2380

#使用另外一個會話開啟，會發現etcd程式已經開啟

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep etcd

#拷貝證書到其他節點（node1、node2）

[root@localhost k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@20.0.0.32:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@20.0.0.33:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

//在node1節點修改複製過來的etcd配置檔案

[root@localhost ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd02" （這裡原本是etcd01，因為是複製過來的所以需要改一下，改為etcd02）
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://20.0.0.32:2380" （IP改為node1的IP）
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://20.0.0.32:2379" （IP改為node1的IP）

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://20.0.0.32:2380" （IP改為node1的IP）
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://20.0.0.32:2379" （IP改為node1的IP）
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://20.0.0.31:2380,etcd02=https://20.0.0.32:2380,etcd03=https://20.0.0.33:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#啟動etcd服務

[root@localhost ssl]# systemctl start etcd
[root@localhost ssl]# systemctl status etcd

//在node2節點修改

[root@localhost ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd03" （這裡原本是etcd01，因為是複製過來的所以需要改一下，改為etcd03）
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://20.0.0.33:2380" （IP改為node2的IP）
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://20.0.0.33:2379" （IP改為node2的IP）

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://20.0.0.33:2380" （IP改為node2的IP）
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://20.0.0.33:2379" （IP改為node2的IP）
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://20.0.0.31:2380,etcd02=https://20.0.0.32:2380,etcd03=https://20.0.0.33:2380" 
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

#啟動etcd服務

[root@localhost ssl]# systemctl start etcd
[root@localhost ssl]# systemctl status etcd

//在master上檢查叢集狀態

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379" cluster-health
（提示資訊）
member 3eae9a550e2e3ec is healthy: got healthy result from https://20.0.0.33:2379
member 26cd4dcf17bc5cbd is healthy: got healthy result from https://20.0.0.32:2379
member 2fcd2df8a9411750 is healthy: got healthy result from https://20.0.0.31:2379
cluster is healthy
（所有節點都有並且出現cluster is healthy就OK）

#在所有node節點部署docker引擎

1.安裝依賴包
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

2.設定阿里雲映象源
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3.安裝Docker-CE
yum install -y docker-ce

4.開啟docker服務並設定開機自啟
systemctl start docker.service
systemctl enable docker.service

5.配置映象加速

配置映象加速器：
在阿里雲的自己的賬號裡找到加速地址，填入下方的中括號裡。
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors":["https://xxxxxxxx.aliyuncs.com"]
 }
EOF
（加速地址在阿里雲上可以通過自己的賬號看到，每個賬號都有個單獨的加速地址

systemctl daemon-reload 
systemctl restart docker

6.網路優化
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

sysctl -p
service network restart
systemctl restart docker

flannel網路配置

//寫入分配的子網段到ETCD中，供flannel使用

//在master操作
#寫入資訊

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379" set /coreos.com/network/config '{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'
（提示資訊）
{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}

#檢視寫入的資訊

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379" get /coreos.com/network/config
（提示資訊）
{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}

#拷貝到所有node節點（只需要部署在node節點）

[root@localhost k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@20.0.0.32:/root
[root@localhost k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@20.0.0.33:/root

//在所有node節點操作，這裡是node1和node2

#將flannel安裝包傳到node節點伺服器上

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
flanneld
mk-docker-opts.sh
README.md

#建立一個k8s工作目錄

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@localhost ~]# mv mk-docker-opts.sh flanneld /opt/kubernetes/bin/

#編寫flannel指令碼

#!/bin/bash

ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${1:-"http://127.0.0.1:2379"}

cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld

FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
-etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
-etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
-etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq \$FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl restart flanneld

#開啟flannel網路功能

[root@localhost ~]# bash flannel.sh https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379
（提示資訊）
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.

#配置docker連線flannel

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
（在以下位置新增需要的配置）
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env 及 $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS

新增的位置：
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env（這個是新增上去的）
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS（這個是新增上去的） -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutSec=0
RestartSec=2
Restart=always


[root@localhost ~]# cat /run/flannel/subnet.env
DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.17.42.1/24"
DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false"
DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450"

#說明：bip指定啟動時的子網
DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=172.17.42.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450"

#重啟docker服務

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

#檢視flannel網路（每個節點不一樣，根據自己看到的網段為準）

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.84.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::fc7c:e1ff:fe1d:224  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether fe:7c:e1:1d:02:24  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 26 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

#測試ping通對方docker0網路卡驗證flannel起到路由作用

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@5f9a65565b53 /]# yum install net-tools -y
然後ping另一個節點的flannel地址
如果能夠ping通，就OK了

部署master元件
//在master上操作，api-server生成證書
#將master.zip傳到master節點伺服器上

[root@localhost k8s]# unzip master.zip
[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir k8s-cert
[root@localhost k8s]# cd k8s-cert/
[root@localhost k8s-cert]# vim k8s-cert.sh
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
      	    "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

#-----------------------

cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "20.0.0.31",  //master1
      "20.0.0.34",  //master2
      "20.0.0.100",  //vip
      "20.0.0.35",  //lb （負載均衡master） 
      "20.0.0.36",  //lb （負載均衡backup）
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

#-----------------------

cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

#-----------------------

cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

[root@localhost k8s-cert]# ls
k8s-cert.sh

#生成k8s證書

[root@localhost k8s-cert]# bash k8s-cert.sh

##檢視所有證書

[root@localhost k8s-cert]# ls *pem
admin-key.pem  ca-key.pem  kube-proxy-key.pem  server-key.pem
admin.pem      ca.pem      kube-proxy.pem      server.pem

##複製ca開頭的、server開頭的所有證書到 /opt/kubernetes/ssl下

[root@localhost k8s-cert]# cp ca*pem server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

#解壓kubernetes壓縮包

[root@localhost k8s-cert]# cd ..
[root@localhost k8s]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@localhost k8s]# cd /root/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin

#複製關鍵命令檔案到/opt/kubernetes/bin/

[root@localhost bin]# cp kube-apiserver kubectl kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/

#建立角色，用token.csv

[root@localhost k8s]# cd /root/k8s
[root@localhost k8s]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
0fb61c46f8991b718eb38d27b605b008,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
（序列號，使用者名稱，id，角色）

序列號每個都不一樣，在編輯之前用命令隨機生成序列號，命令如下
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '

#二進位制檔案，token，證書都準備好後，開啟apiserver

[root@localhost k8s]# bash apiserver.sh 20.0.0.31 https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379
（提示資訊）
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-apiserver.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service.

#檢查程式是否啟動成功

[root@localhost k8s]# ps aux | grep kube

#檢視配置檔案

[root@localhost k8s]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver 
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379 \
--bind-address=20.0.0.31 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=20.0.0.31 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--kubelet-https=true \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

#監聽的https埠

[root@localhost k8s]# netstat -ntap | grep 6443
tcp        0      0 192.168.195.149:6443    0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      46459/kube-apiserve 
tcp        0      0 192.168.195.149:6443    20.0.0.31:36806   ESTABLISHED 46459/kube-apiserve 
tcp        0      0 192.168.195.149:36806   20.0.0.31:6443    ESTABLISHED 46459/kube-apiserve 

[root@localhost k8s]# netstat -ntap | grep 8080
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN

#啟動controller-manager

[root@localhost k8s]# chmod +x controller-manager.sh 
[root@localhost k8s]# ./controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1
（提示資訊）
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service.

#檢視master 節點狀態

[root@localhost k8s]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

node節點部署

//在master上操作
#把 kubelet、kube-proxy拷貝到node節點上去

[root@localhost bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@20.0.0.32:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@20.0.0.33:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

//在nod01節點操作（將node.zip傳到/root目錄下解壓）

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz  node.zip   公共  視訊  文件  音樂
flannel.sh       initial-setup-ks.cfg                README.md  模板  圖片  下載  桌面

#解壓node.zip，獲得kubelet.sh proxy.sh

[root@localhost ~]# unzip node.zip

//在master上操作

[root@localhost k8s]# mkdir kubeconfig
[root@localhost k8s]# cd kubeconfig/

#拷貝kubeconfig.sh檔案進行重新命名

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# mv kubeconfig.sh kubeconfig
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig 
刪除以下部分：
# 建立 TLS Bootstrapping Token
#BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=0fb61c46f8991b718eb38d27b605b008

cat > token.csv <<EOF
${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

#獲取token資訊，在master上看

[root@localhost ~]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv 
6351d652249951f79c33acdab329e4c4,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

# 設定客戶端認證引數

kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=6351d652249951f79c33acdab329e4c4（這裡填入剛才檢視的序列號） \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

#設定環境變數（可以寫入到/etc/profile中）

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig 
（將export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/新增到末尾行）
//[root@localhost kubeconfig]# export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/ （也可以直接寫入）

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

#生成配置檔案

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# bash kubeconfig 20.0.0.31 /root/k8s/k8s-cert/
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kube-proxy" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# ls
bootstrap.kubeconfig  kubeconfig  kube-proxy.kubeconfig

#拷貝配置檔案到node節點

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@20.0.0.32:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@localhost kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@20.0.0.33:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

#建立bootstrap角色賦予許可權用於連線apiserver請求籤名（關鍵）

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
（提示資訊）
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created

//在node01節點上操作

[root@localhost ~]# bash kubelet.sh 20.0.0.32
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

#檢查kubelet服務啟動

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep kube
root     106845  1.4  1.1 371744 44780 ?        Ssl  00:34   0:01 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet --logtostderr=true --v=4 --hostname-override=192.168.195.150 --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubconfig --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfgkubelet.config --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0
root     106876  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/0    S+   00:35   0:00 grep --color=auto kube

//在master上操作

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-NOI-9vufTLIqJgMWq4fHPNPHKbjCXlDGHptj7FqTa8A   4m27s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending（等待叢集給該節點頒發證書）

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-NOI-9vufTLIqJgMWq4fHPNPHKbjCXlDGHptj7FqTa8A
（後面的NAME每個都不一樣，要複製下來）

#繼續檢視證書狀態

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-NOI-9vufTLIqJgMWq4fHPNPHKbjCXlDGHptj7FqTa8A   8m56s   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued（已經被允許加入群集）

#檢視叢集節點，成功加入node1節點

[root@localhost kubeconfig]# kubectl get node
NAME              STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
20.0.0.32   Ready    <none>   118s   v1.12.3

#在node1節點操作，啟動proxy服務

[root@localhost ~]# bash proxy.sh 20.0.0.32
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.


[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service 
（runnning狀態）

node2節點部署

//在node1節點操作

#把現成的/opt/kubernetes目錄複製到node2節點進行修改

[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@20.0.0.33:/opt/

#把kubelet，kube-proxy的service檔案拷貝到node2中

[root@localhost ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@20.0.0.33:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

//在node2上操作，進行修改

#首先刪除複製過來的證書，等會node2會自行申請證書

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@localhost ssl]# rm -rf *

#修改配置檔案kubelet kubelet.config kube-proxy（三個配置檔案）

[root@localhost ssl]# cd ../cfg/
[root@localhost cfg]# vim kubelet
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=20.0.0.33 \ （原來是20.0.0.32，改成20.0.0.33）
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"


[root@localhost cfg]# vim kubelet.config 
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 20.0.0.33 （原來是20.0.0.32，改成20.0.0.33）
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: true


[root@localhost cfg]# vim kube-proxy
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=20.0.0.33 \           （原來是20.0.0.32，改成20.0.0.33） 
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \
--proxy-mode=ipvs \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

#啟動服務

[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kubelet.service 
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl enable kubelet.service 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service 
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.

//在master上操作檢視請求

[root@localhost k8s]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-OaH9HpIKh6AKlfdjEKm4C6aJ0UT_1YxNaa70yEAxnsU   15s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-NOI-9vufTLIqJgMWq4fHPNPHKbjCXlDGHptj7FqTa8A   4m27s   kubelet-bootstrap   approve
（這裡又有一個Pending狀態的請求，跟剛才一樣授權許可加入叢集）

#授權許可加入群集

[root@localhost k8s]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-OaH9HpIKh6AKlfdjEKm4C6aJ0UT_1YxNaa70yEAxnsU

#檢視群集中的節點

[root@localhost k8s]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
20.0.0.32   Ready    <none>   11h   v1.12.3
20.0.0.33   Ready    <none>   11h   v1.12.3

至此，單節點部署完成。

部署master2節點

#關閉防火牆、核心

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

//在master1上操作
#複製kubernetes目錄到master2

[root@localhost k8s]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@20.0.0.34:/opt

#複製master中的三個元件啟動指令碼

kube-apiserver.service     kube-controller-manager.service      kube-scheduler.service
[root@localhost k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler}.service root@20.0.0.34:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

//在master2上操作

#修改配置檔案kube-apiserver中的IP

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@localhost cfg]# vim kube-apiserver

KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://20.0.0.31:2379,https://20.0.0.32:2379,https://20.0.0.33:2379 \
--bind-address=20.0.0.34 \  （原來是master1的IP，現在改成master2的IP）
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=20.0.0.34 \ （原來是master1的IP，現在改成master2的IP）
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--kubelet-https=true \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

#master2一定要有etcd證書，這裡拷貝master1上已有的etcd證書給master2使用

[root@localhost k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@20.0.0.34:/opt/

#啟動master2中的三個元件服務

[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kube-apiserver.service 
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service 
[root@localhost cfg]# systemctl start kube-scheduler.service

#新增環境變數

[root@localhost cfg]# vim /etc/profile
在末尾新增：export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

[root@localhost cfg]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost cfg]# kubectl get node
NAME              STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
20.0.0.32   Ready    <none>   2d12h   v1.12.3
20.0.0.33   Ready    <none>   38h     v1.12.3

至此，多節點部署完成。

現在已經有兩個master，兩個node，三個etcd分別部署在master1、node1、node2上。

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