初識MyBatis框架
1.什麼是MyBatis?
mybatis是一個基於ORM(物件關係對映)的資料訪問層框架。
2.何為框架呢?
框架本質還是java程式,只不過框架是被一些牛人將原始及底層程式碼進行封裝,將封裝後的程式打包提供開發人員使用。幫助開發者提高開發的效率,同時也能提升專案的效能。
資料訪問層–通常我們在做專案的時候,會把一個專案分成3個部分,這3個部分分別是:
2.1 控制層[web層]----用來做資料的導航【Servlet、Struts2、SpringMVC】
2.1 業務層----用來處理相關功能的具有實現業務。【Spring】
2.3 資料訪問層[資料持久層]—用來訪問資料庫資料。【JDBC、Hibernate、MyBatis】
早期JavaWeb的3大框架—SSH[Struts2-Spring-Hibernate] 現在流行的JavaWeb的3大框架—SSM[SpringMVC-Spring-MyBatis]
3. 什麼是ORM?
ORM—物件關係對映
我們在訪問資料庫的時候所編寫的都是Java程式,Java程式只認識Java物件,而我們所訪問的資料庫大多數都是關係型資料庫,那麼這時Java程式要想訪問關係型資料庫,那麼就需要將Java物件轉換成關係型資料,才能被資料庫認識。這時我們可以認為一個Java類就是關係型資料庫中的一張資料表,Java類中的成員變數是資料庫表中的一個列,Java類建立的Java物件就是資料庫表中的一行記錄。這時將Java物件對應成為資料庫表記錄的過程就是物件關係對映。
4. 為什麼要使用MyBatis?
4.1 為了簡化資料庫訪問操作,提高開發的效率,提升專案的效能,增加程式的可維護性。
4.2. 當我們使用Java程式控制Java物件的時候,資料庫中的資料表記錄會隨之變化。(將原來通過java程式訪問資料庫表的操作,簡化成通過java程式訪問java物件)。
5.簡單使用MyBatis框架開發一個使用者資訊系統
5.1 建立資料庫表結構
create table tb_student(
stuid int primary key auto_increment,
stuname varchar(30),
stupassword varchar(20),
stuage int,
stuaddress varchar(30)
);
5.2 使用IDEA建立普maven專案,完善專案結構
5.3 pox.xml檔案匯入依賴
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.6</version>
</dependency>
5.4 根據資料庫表結構建立java實體類
package com.qing.bean;
public class StudentBean {
private int stuid;
private String stuname;
private String stupassword;
private int stuage;
private String stuaddress;
public int getStuid() {
return stuid;
}
public void setStuid(int stuid) {
this.stuid = stuid;
}
public String getStuname() {
return stuname;
}
public void setStuname(String stuname) {
this.stuname = stuname;
}
public String getStupassword() {
return stupassword;
}
public void setStupassword(String stupassword) {
this.stupassword = stupassword;
}
public int getStuage() {
return stuage;
}
public void setStuage(int stuage) {
this.stuage = stuage;
}
public String getStuaddress() {
return stuaddress;
}
public void setStuaddress(String stuaddress) {
this.stuaddress = stuaddress;
}
}
5.5 在src/main/resources中編寫資料庫資原始檔 mydate.properties
mydriver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
myurl = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
myusername = root
mypassword = 123456
5.6 建立資料庫訪問介面
package com.qing.mapper;
import com.qing.bean.StudentBean;
import java.util.List;
public interface StudentMapper {
//新增資訊
boolean insertStudent(StudentBean studentBean);
//修改資訊
boolean updateStudentId(int stuid);
//刪除資訊
boolean deleteStudent(int stuid);
//根據id查詢
StudentBean seleteStudentId(int stuid);
//查詢所有
List<StudentBean> selectStudent();
}
5.7 在src/main/resources中編寫sql對映檔案 StudentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper">
<insert id="insertStudent" parameterType="com.qing.bean.StudentBean">
insert into tb_student values (null,#{stuname},#{stupassword},#{stuage},#{stuaddress});
</insert>
<update id="updateStudent" parameterType="int">
update tb_student set stuname=#{stuname},stupassword=#{stupassword},stuage=#{stuage},stuaddress=#{stuaddress} where stuid=#{stuid};
</update>
<delete id="deleteStudent" parameterType="int">
delete from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</delete>
<resultMap id="studentMap" type="com.qing.bean.StudentBean">
<id column="stuid" property="stuid"></id>
<result column="stuname" property="stuname"></result>
<result column="stupassword" property="stupassword"></result>
<result column="stuage" property="stuage"></result>
<result column="stuaddress" property="stuaddress"></result>
</resultMap>
<select id="seleteStudentId" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap">
select * from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</select>
<select id="selectStudent" resultMap="studentMap">
select * from tb_student;
</select>
</mapper>
5.8 在src/main/resources中建立 mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置引入資料連線字串的資原始檔 -->
<properties resource="mydate.properties"></properties>
<!-- 配置mybatis預設的連線資料庫環境 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${mydriver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${myurl}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${myusername}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${mypassword}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 配置mybatis資料訪問介面的SQL對映檔案路徑 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="StudentMapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
5.9 測試
package com.qing.test;
import com.qing.bean.StudentBean;
import com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.util.List;
public class TestMain {
/**
* 新增資訊
*/
public static void insertStudent() {
//定義SqlSession物件
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
//通過SqlSessionFactoryBuilder類建立出SqlSessionFactory物件
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new
SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml"));
//從SqlSessionFactory中取得一個SqlSession物件
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//通過資料訪問介面呼叫新增方法
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStuname("烤紅薯");
studentBean.setStupassword("111111");
studentBean.setStuage(22);
studentBean.setStuaddress("長豐國際");
studentMapper.insertStudent(studentBean);
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 修改資訊
* @param stuid
*/
public static void updateStudentId(int stuid) {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStuid(stuid);
studentBean.setStuname("地瓜");
studentBean.setStupassword("123321");
studentBean.setStuage(122);
studentBean.setStuaddress("曲江");
studentMapper.updateStudentId(stuid);
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 刪除資訊
* @param stuid
*/
public static void deleteStudentId(int stuid) {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStuid(9);
studentMapper.deleteStudent(stuid);
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根據id查詢資訊
* @param stuid
*/
public static void selectStudentId(int stuid) {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
StudentBean studentBean = studentMapper.seleteStudentId(8);
System.out.println(studentBean.getStuname() + "\t" + studentBean.getStuaddress());
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 查詢所有資訊
*/
public static void selectStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<StudentBean> studentlist = studentMapper.selectStudent();
for (StudentBean studentBean : studentlist) {
System.out.println(studentBean.getStuname() + "\t" + studentBean.getStupassword() + "\t" + studentBean.getStuage() + "\t" + studentBean.getStuaddress());
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 測試
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
//insertStudent();
updateStudentId(4);
//deleteStudentId(9);
//selectStudentId(8);
//selectStudent();
}
}
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