Openshift 4.4 靜態 IP 離線安裝系列:準備離線資源

米開朗基楊發表於2020-06-09

原文連結:https://fuckcloudnative.io/posts/openshift4.4-install-offline-static-1-requirement/

本系列文章描述了離線環境下以 UPI (User Provisioned Infrastructure) 模式安裝 Openshift Container Platform (OCP) 4.4.5 的步驟,我的環境是 VMware ESXI 虛擬化,也適用於其他方式提供的虛擬機器或物理主機。離線資源包括安裝映象、所有樣例 Image StreamOperatorHub 中的所有 RedHat Operators。

本系列採用靜態 IP 的方式安裝 OCP 叢集,如果你可以隨意分配網路,建議採用 DHCP 的方式。

1. 離線環境

單獨準備一臺節點用來執行安裝任務和離線資源準備,這臺節點最好具備魔法上網的能力,以便可以同時訪問內外網,我們稱這臺節點為基礎節點

除此之外還需要部署一個私有映象倉庫,以供 OCP 安裝和執行時使用,要求支援 version 2 schema 2 (manifest list),我這裡選擇的是 Quay 3.3。映象倉庫需要部署在另外一臺節點,因為需要用到 443 埠,與後面的負載均衡埠衝突。

很多人誤以為必須聯絡 Red Hat 銷售,簽單之後才能使用 OCP4,其實不然,註冊一個開發者賬號後就可以獲得 quay.ioregistry.redhat.io 的拉取金鑰了。

2. 準備離線安裝介質

獲取版本資訊

目前最新的 OCP 版本是 4.4.5,可以從這裡下載客戶端:

解壓出來的二進位制檔案放到基礎節點的 $PATH 下,看下版本資訊:

? → oc adm release info quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:4.4.5-x86_64

Name:      4.4.5
Digest:    sha256:4a461dc23a9d323c8bd7a8631bed078a9e5eec690ce073f78b645c83fb4cdf74
Created:   2020-05-21T16:03:01Z
OS/Arch:   linux/amd64
Manifests: 412

Pull From: quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release@sha256:4a461dc23a9d323c8bd7a8631bed078a9e5eec690ce073f78b645c83fb4cdf74

Release Metadata:
  Version:  4.4.5
  Upgrades: 4.3.18, 4.3.19, 4.3.21, 4.3.22, 4.4.2, 4.4.3, 4.4.4
  Metadata:
    description:
  Metadata:
    url: https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2020:2180

Component Versions:
  kubernetes 1.17.1
  machine-os 44.81.202005180831-0 Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS

Images:
  NAME                                           DIGEST
  aws-machine-controllers                        sha256:7817d9e707bb51bc1e5110ef66bb67947df42dcf3c9b782a8f12f60b8f229dca
  azure-machine-controllers                      sha256:5e2320f92b7308a4f1ec4aca151c752f69265e8c5b705d78e2f2ee70d717711a
  baremetal-installer                            sha256:4c8c6d2895e065711cfcbffe7e8679d9890480a4975cad683b643d8502375fe3
  baremetal-machine-controllers                  sha256:5f1b312ac47b7f9e91950463e9a4ce5af7094a3a8b0bc064c9b4dcfc9c725ad5
  baremetal-operator                             sha256:a77ff02f349d96567da8e06018ad0dfbfb5fef6600a9a216ade15fadc574f4b4
  baremetal-runtimecfg                           sha256:715bc48eda04afc06827189883451958d8940ed8ab6dd491f602611fe98a6fba
  cli                                            sha256:43159f5486cc113d64d5ba04d781c16a084d18745a911a5ae7200bb895778a72
  cli-artifacts                                  sha256:ce7130db82f5a3bb2c806d7080f356e4c68c0405bf3956d3e290bc2078a8bf32
  cloud-credential-operator                      sha256:244ab9d0fcf7315eb5c399bd3fa7c2e662cf23f87f625757b13f415d484621c3
  cluster-authentication-operator                sha256:3145e4fbd62dde385fd0e33d220c42ec3d00ac1dab72288e584cc502b4b8b6db
  cluster-autoscaler                             sha256:66e47de69f685f2dd063fbce9f4e5a00264a5572140d255f2db4c367cb00bad9
  cluster-autoscaler-operator                    sha256:6a32eafdbea3d12c0681a1a1660c7a424f7082a1c42e22d1b301ab0ab6da191b
  cluster-bootstrap                              sha256:fbde2b1a3df7172ce5dbc5e8818bfe631718399eda8058b301a1ef059f549e95
  cluster-config-operator                        sha256:5437794d2309ebe65ca08d1bdeb9fcd665732207b3287df8a7c56e5a2813eccb
  cluster-csi-snapshot-controller-operator       sha256:bc4d8ad97b473316518dbd8906dd900feba383425671eb7d4d73ed1d705c105e
  cluster-dns-operator                           sha256:1a7469258e351d2d56a98a5ef4a3dfa0326b4677fdc1dd11279b6a193ccdbad1
  cluster-etcd-operator                          sha256:9f7a02df3a5d91326d95e444e2e249f8205632ae986d6dccc7f007ec65c8af77
  cluster-image-registry-operator                sha256:0aaa817389487d266faf89cecbfd3197405d87172ee2dcda169dfa90e2e9ca18
  cluster-ingress-operator                       sha256:4887544363e052e656aa1fd44d2844226ee2e4617e08b88ba0211a93bb3101fa
  cluster-kube-apiserver-operator                sha256:718ca346d5499cccb4de98c1f858c9a9a13bbf429624226f466c3ee2c14ebf40
  cluster-kube-controller-manager-operator       sha256:0aa16b4ff32fbb9bc7b32aa1bf6441a19a1deb775fb203f21bb8792ff1a26c2e
  cluster-kube-scheduler-operator                sha256:887eda5ce495f1a33c5adbba8772064d3a8b78192162e4c75bd84763c5a1fb01
  cluster-kube-storage-version-migrator-operator sha256:0fd3e25304a6e23e9699172a84dc134b9b5b81dd89496322a9f46f4cd82ecf71
  cluster-machine-approver                       sha256:c35b382d426ff03cfe07719f19e871ec3bd4189fa27452b3e2eb2fb4ab085afc
  cluster-monitoring-operator                    sha256:d7d5f3b6094c88cb1aa9d5bf1b29c574f13db7142e0a9fba03c6681fe4b592a5
  cluster-network-operator                       sha256:563018341e5b37e5cf370ee0a112aa85dd5e17a658b303714252cc59ddfadea5
  cluster-node-tuned                             sha256:0d1a3f66cd7cfc889ddf17cbdb4cb2e4b9188c341b165de1c9c1df578fb53212
  cluster-node-tuning-operator                   sha256:8e00331fd6b725b1d44687bafa2186920e2864fd4d04869ad4e9f5ba56d663ca
  cluster-openshift-apiserver-operator           sha256:087dd3801b15ca614be0998615a0d827383e9c9ab39e64107324074bddccfff8
  cluster-openshift-controller-manager-operator  sha256:a25afbcb148f3535372784e82c66a6cc2843fe9e7119b9198a39422edb95c2ae
  cluster-policy-controller                      sha256:6294d4af2061d23f52a2a439d20272280aa6e5fcff7a5559b4797fb8e6536790
  cluster-samples-operator                       sha256:7040633af70ceb19147687d948a389d392945cb57236165409e66e5101c0d0c0
  cluster-storage-operator                       sha256:bcfeab624513563c9e26629be2914770436c49318c321bd99028a7d1ffab30cf
  cluster-svcat-apiserver-operator               sha256:21a562f26c967ad6d83e1f4219fad858154c3df9854f1462331b244906c6ca9c
  cluster-svcat-controller-manager-operator      sha256:b635529e5843996a51ace6a2aea4854e46256669ef1773c7371e4f0407dbf843
  cluster-update-keys                            sha256:828e11d8132caf5533e18b8e5d292d56ccf52b08e4fe4c53d7825404b05b2844
  cluster-version-operator                       sha256:7a2a210bc07fead80b3f4276cf14692c39a70640a124326ee919d415f0dc5b2c
  configmap-reloader                             sha256:07d46699cb9810e3f629b5142a571db83106aa1190d5177a9944272080cd053d
  console                                        sha256:69f14151fe8681e5fa48912f8f4df753a0dcc3d616ad7991c463402517d1eab4
  console-operator                               sha256:85c9a48c9b1896f36cf061bd4890e7f85e0dc383148f2a1dc498e668dee961df
  container-networking-plugins                   sha256:1a2ecb28b80800c327ad79fb4c8fb6cc9f0b434fc42a4de5b663b907852ee9fb
  coredns                                        sha256:b25b8b2219e8c247c088af93e833c9ac390bc63459955e131d89b77c485d144d
  csi-snapshot-controller                        sha256:33f89dbd081d119aac8d7c56abcb060906b23d31bc801091b789dea14190493f
  deployer                                       sha256:b24cd515360ae4eba89d4d92afe2689a84043106f7defe34df28acf252cd45b4
  docker-builder                                 sha256:d3cf4e3ad3c3ce4bef52d9543c87a1c555861b726ac9cae0cc57486be1095f8a
  docker-registry                                sha256:8b6ab4a0c14118020fa56b70cab440883045003a8d9304c96691a0401ad7117c
  etcd                                           sha256:aba3c59eb6d088d61b268f83b034230b3396ce67da4f6f6d49201e55efebc6b2
  gcp-machine-controllers                        sha256:1c67b5186bbbdc6f424d611eeff83f11e1985847f4a98f82642dcd0938757b0e
  grafana                                        sha256:aa5c9d3d828b04418d17a4bc3a37043413bdd7c036a75c41cd5f57d8db8aa25a
  haproxy-router                                 sha256:7064737dd9d0a43de7a87a094487ab4d7b9e666675c53cf4806d1c9279bd6c2e
  hyperkube                                      sha256:187b9d29fea1bde9f1785584b4a7bbf9a0b9f93e1323d92d138e61c861b6286c
  insights-operator                              sha256:51dc869dc1a105165543d12eeee8229916fc15387210edc6702dbc944f7cedd7
  installer                                      sha256:a0f23a3292a23257a16189bdae75f7b5413364799e67a480dfad086737e248e0
  installer-artifacts                            sha256:afe926af218d506a7f64ef3df0d949aa6653a311a320bc833398512d1f000645
  ironic                                         sha256:80087bd97c28c69fc08cd291f6115b0e12698abf2e87a3d2bbe0e64f600bae93
  ironic-hardware-inventory-recorder             sha256:2336af8eb4949ec283dc22865637e3fec80a4f6b1d3b78178d58ea05afbd49c2
  ironic-inspector                               sha256:1f48cc344aab15c107e2fb381f9825613f586e116c218cdaf18d1e67b13e2252
  ironic-ipa-downloader                          sha256:a417b910e06ad030b480988d6864367c604027d6476e02e0c3d5dcd6f6ab4ccb
  ironic-machine-os-downloader                   sha256:10b751d8e4ba2975dabc256c7ac4dcf94f4de99be35242505bf8db922e968403
  ironic-static-ip-manager                       sha256:0c122317e3a6407a56a16067d518c18ce08f883883745b2e11a5a39ff695d3d0
  jenkins                                        sha256:d4ab77a119479a95a33beac0d94980a7a0a87cf792f5850b30dff4f1f90a9c4d
  jenkins-agent-maven                            sha256:10559ec206191a9931b1044260007fe8dcedacb8b171be737dfb1ccca9bbf0f5
  jenkins-agent-nodejs                           sha256:ad9e83ea1ea3f338af4dbc9461f8b243bd817df722909293fde33b4f9cbab2bc
  k8s-prometheus-adapter                         sha256:be548d31a65e56234e4b98d6541a14936bc0135875ec61e068578f7014aac31e
  keepalived-ipfailover                          sha256:a882a11b55b2fc41b538b59bf5db8e4cfc47c537890e4906fe6bf22f9da75575
  kube-client-agent                              sha256:8eb481214103d8e0b5fe982ffd682f838b969c8ff7d4f3ed4f83d4a444fb841b
  kube-etcd-signer-server                        sha256:8468b1c575906ed41aa7c3ac3b0a440bf3bc254d2975ecc5e23f84aa54395c81
  kube-proxy                                     sha256:886ae5bd5777773c7ef2fc76f1100cc8f592653ce46f73b816de80a20a113769
  kube-rbac-proxy                                sha256:f6351c3aa750fea93050673f66c5ddaaf9e1db241c7ebe31f555e011b20d8c30
  kube-state-metrics                             sha256:ca47160369e67e1d502e93175f6360645ae02933cceddadedabe53cd874f0f89
  kube-storage-version-migrator                  sha256:319e88c22ea618e7b013166eace41c52eb70c8ad950868205f52385f09e96023
  kuryr-cni                                      sha256:3eecf00fdfca50e90ba2d659bd765eb04b5c446579e121656badcfd41da87663
  kuryr-controller                               sha256:7d70c92699a69a589a3c2e1045a16855ba02af39ce09d6a6df9b1dbabacff4f5
  libvirt-machine-controllers                    sha256:cc3c7778de8d9e8e4ed543655392f942d871317f4b3b7ed31208312b4cc2e61f
  local-storage-static-provisioner               sha256:a7ff3ec289d426c7aaee35a459ef8c862b744d709099dedcd98a4579136f7d47
  machine-api-operator                           sha256:4ca2f1b93ad00364c053592aea0992bbb3cb4b2ea2f7d1d1af286c26659c11d3
  machine-config-operator                        sha256:31dfdca3584982ed5a82d3017322b7d65a491ab25080c427f3f07d9ce93c52e2
  machine-os-content                             sha256:b397960b7cc14c2e2603111b7385c6e8e4b0f683f9873cd9252a789175e5c4e1
  mdns-publisher                                 sha256:dea1fcb456eae4aabdf5d2d5c537a968a2dafc3da52fe20e8d99a176fccaabce
  multus-admission-controller                    sha256:377ed5566c062bd2a677ddc0c962924c81796f8d45346b2eefedf5350d7de6b3
  multus-cni                                     sha256:bc58468a736e75083e0771d88095229bdd6c1e58db8aa33ef60b326e0bfaf271
  multus-route-override-cni                      sha256:e078599fde3b974832c06312973fae7ed93334ea30247b11b9f1861e2b0da7d6
  multus-whereabouts-ipam-cni                    sha256:89c386f5c3940d88d9bc2520f422a2983514f928585a51ae376c43f19e5a6cad
  must-gather                                    sha256:a295d2568410a45f1ab403173ee84d7012bb3ec010c24aa0a17925d08d726e20
  oauth-proxy                                    sha256:619bdb128e410b52451dbf79c9efb089e138127812da19a1f69907117480827f
  oauth-server                                   sha256:58545567c899686cae51d2de4e53a5d49323183a7a3065c0b96ad674686acbe8
  openshift-apiserver                            sha256:8fd79797e6e0e9337fc9689863c3817540a003685a6dfc2a55ecb77059967cef
  openshift-controller-manager                   sha256:4485d6eb7625becf581473690858a01ab83244ecb03bb0319bf849068e98a86a
  openshift-state-metrics                        sha256:6de02ce03089b715e9f767142de33f006809226f037fe21544e1f79755ade920
  openstack-machine-controllers                  sha256:d61e611416196650c81174967e5f11cbdc051d696e38ba341de169375d985709
  operator-lifecycle-manager                     sha256:6e1bca545c35fb7ae4d0f57006acce9a9fabce792c4026944da68d7ddfdec244
  operator-marketplace                           sha256:f0750960873a7cc96f7106e20ea260dd41c09b8a30ce714092d3dcd8a7ec396d
  operator-registry                              sha256:7914f42c9274d263c6ba8623db8e6af4940753dcb4160deb291a9cbc61487414
  ovirt-machine-controllers                      sha256:44f9e65ccd39858bf3d7aa2929f5feac634407e36f912ca88585b445d161506c
  ovn-kubernetes                                 sha256:d80899ed1a6a9f99eb8c64856cd4e576f6534b7390777f3180afb8a634743d62
  pod                                            sha256:d7862a735f492a18cb127742b5c2252281aa8f3bd92189176dd46ae9620ee68a
  prom-label-proxy                               sha256:1cf614e8acbe3bcca3978a07489cd47627f3a3bd132a5c2fe0072d9e3e797210
  prometheus                                     sha256:5eea86e59ffb32fca37cacff22ad00838ea6b947272138f8a56062f68ec40c28
  prometheus-alertmanager                        sha256:bb710e91873ad50ac10c2821b2a28c29e5b89b5da7740a920235ecc33fb063f5
  prometheus-config-reloader                     sha256:7cadb408d7c78440ddacf2770028ee0389b6840651c753f4b24032548f56b7aa
  prometheus-node-exporter                       sha256:7d4e76fea0786f4025e37b5ad0fb30498db5586183fc560554626e91066f60f3
  prometheus-operator                            sha256:6e599a9a8691cce0b40bf1ac5373ddb8009113a2115b5617b2d3a3996174c8f7
  sdn                                            sha256:08c256b7b07c57f195faa33ea4273694dd3504d4a85a10dbf7616b91eaa8e661
  service-ca-operator                            sha256:8c9a3071040f956cce15d1e6da70f6f47dc55b609e4f19fe469ce581cd42bfe5
  service-catalog                                sha256:d9a5fbf60e3bbf1c9811e1707ce9bd04e8263552ba3a6bea8f8c7b604808fdf9
  telemeter                                      sha256:19cfc3e37e12d9dd4e4dd9307781368bbeb07929b6ab788e99aa5543badee3c9
  tests                                          sha256:fc56c9805e2e4a8416c1c5433d7974148f0bad88be4a62feeedcd5d9db4b6ad6
  thanos                                         sha256:a4ea116aec2f972991f5a22f39aa1dbc567dddc3429ddca873601714d003a51c

建立內部映象倉庫

內部映象倉庫用於存放部署 OCP 叢集所需的映象,倉庫本身使用 Quay 部署。Quay 包含了幾個核心元件:

  • 資料庫 : 主要存放映象倉庫的後設資料(非映象儲存)
  • Redis : 存放構建日誌和Quay的嚮導
  • Quay : 作為映象倉庫
  • Clair : 提供映象掃描功能

首先修改映象倉庫節點的主機名:

$ hostnamectl set-hostname registry.openshift4.example.com

所有節點主機名都要採用三級域名格式,如 master1.aa.bb.com

接著安裝 podman

$ yum install -y podman

先建立一個 Pod,用來共享 Network Namespace:

? → podman pod create --name quay -p 443:8443

安裝 Mysql 資料庫:

$ mkdir -p /data/quay/lib/mysql
$ chmod 777 /data/quay/lib/mysql
$ export MYSQL_CONTAINER_NAME=quay-mysql
$ export MYSQL_DATABASE=enterpriseregistrydb
$ export MYSQL_PASSWORD=<PASSWD>
$ export MYSQL_USER=quayuser
$ export MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=<PASSWD>
$ podman run \
    --detach \
    --restart=always \
    --env MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD} \
    --env MYSQL_USER=${MYSQL_USER} \
    --env MYSQL_PASSWORD=${MYSQL_PASSWORD} \
    --env MYSQL_DATABASE=${MYSQL_DATABASE} \
    --name ${MYSQL_CONTAINER_NAME} \
    --privileged=true \
    --pod quay \
    -v /data/quay/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql/data:Z \
    registry.access.redhat.com/rhscl/mysql-57-rhel7

安裝 Redis:

$ mkdir -p /data/quay/lib/redis
$ chmod 777 /data/quay/lib/redis
$ podman run -d --restart=always \
    --pod quay \
    --privileged=true \
    --name quay-redis \
    -v  /data/quay/lib/redis:/var/lib/redis/data:Z \
    registry.access.redhat.com/rhscl/redis-32-rhel7

獲取 Red Hat Quay v3 映象的訪問權:

$ podman login -u="redhat+quay" -p="O81WSHRSJR14UAZBK54GQHJS0P1V4CLWAJV1X2C4SD7KO59CQ9N3RE12612XU1HR" quay.io

參考:https://access.redhat.com/solutions/3533201

配置 Quay:

$ podman run --privileged=true \
    --name quay-config \
    --pod quay \
    --add-host mysql:127.0.0.1 \
    --add-host redis:127.0.0.1 \
    --add-host clair:127.0.0.1 \
    -d quay.io/redhat/quay:v3.3.0 config fuckcloudnative.io

這一步會啟動一個配置 Quay 的程式,開啟瀏覽器訪問:https://registry.openshift4.example.com,使用者名稱/密碼為:quayconfig/fuckcloudnative.io

選擇新建配置,然後設定資料庫:

設定超級管理員:

下一個介面要設定兩個地方,一個是 Server configuration 的 Server Hostname,另一個是 Redis Hostname,SSL 不用設定,後面直接通過命令列配置:

配置檢查通過後,就可以儲存下載下來:

最後會匯出一個 quay-config.tar.gz,將其上傳到 Quay 所在的伺服器,解壓到配置檔案目錄:

$ mkdir -p /data/quay/config
$ mkdir -p /data/quay/storage
$ cp quay-config.tar.gz /data/quay/config/
$ cd /data/quay/config/
$ tar zxvf quay-config.tar.gz

生成自簽名證照:

# 生成私鑰
$ openssl genrsa -out ssl.key 1024

根據私鑰生成證照申請檔案 csr

$ openssl req -new -key ssl.key -out ssl.csr

這裡根據命令列嚮導來進行資訊輸入:

Common Name 可以輸入:*.yourdomain.com,這種方式可以生成萬用字元域名證照。

使用私鑰對證照申請進行簽名從而生成證照:

$ openssl x509 -req -in ssl.csr -out ssl.cert -signkey ssl.key -days 3650

這樣就生成了有效期為 10 年的證照檔案,對於自己內網服務使用足夠。

或者你也可以一步到位:

$ openssl req \
  -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout ssl.key \
  -x509 -days 3650 -out ssl.cert -subj \
  "/C=CN/ST=Shanghai/L=Shanghai/O=IBM/OU=IBM/CN=*.openshift4.example.com"

證照搞定了之後,還需要修改 config.yaml,將協議修改為 https

PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME: https

然後停止 quay-config:

$ podman stop quay-config

最後一步才是部署 Quay:

$ podman run --restart=always \
    --sysctl net.core.somaxconn=4096 \
    --privileged=true \
    --name quay-master \
    --pod quay \
    --add-host mysql:127.0.0.1 \
    --add-host redis:127.0.0.1 \
    --add-host clair:127.0.0.1 \
    -v /data/quay/config:/conf/stack:Z \
    -v /data/quay/storage:/datastorage:Z \
    -d quay.io/redhat/quay:v3.3.0

安裝成功後,將自簽名的證照複製到預設信任證照路徑:

$ cp ssl.cert /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ssl.crt
$ update-ca-trust extract

現在可以通過 podman login 命令來測試倉庫的連通性,看到如下字樣即表示安裝成功(也可以通過瀏覽器訪問 Web UI):

? → podman login registry.openshift4.example.com
Username: admin
Password: ********

Login Succeeded

如果使用 Docker 登入,需要將證照複製到 docker 的信任證照路徑:

$ mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/registry.openshift4.example.com
$ cp ssl.cert /etc/docker/certs.d/registry.openshift4.example.com/ssl.crt
$ systemctl restart docker

下載映象檔案

準備拉取映象許可權認證檔案。 從 Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager 站點的 Pull Secret 頁面下載 registry.redhat.iopull secret

# 把下載的 txt 檔案轉出 json 格式,如果沒有 jq 命令,通過 epel 源安裝
$ cat ./pull-secret.txt | jq . > pull-secret.json

$ yum install epel-release
$ yum install jq

JSON 內容如下:

{
  "auths": {
    "cloud.openshift.com": {
      "auth": "b3BlbnNo...",
      "email": "you@example.com"
    },
    "quay.io": {
      "auth": "b3BlbnNo...",
      "email": "you@example.com"
    },
    "registry.connect.redhat.com": {
      "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...",
      "email": "you@example.com"
    },
    "registry.redhat.io": {
      "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...",
      "email": "you@example.com"
    }
  }
}

把本地倉庫的使用者密碼轉換成 base64 編碼:

$ echo -n 'admin:password' | base64 -w0 
cm9vdDpwYXNzd29yZA==

然後在 pull-secret.json 裡面加一段本地倉庫的許可權。第一行倉庫域名和埠,第二行是上面的 base64,第三行隨便填個郵箱:

  "auths": {
...
    "registry.openshift4.example.com": {
      "auth": "cm9vdDpwYXNzd29yZA==",
      "email": "you@example.com"
   },
...

設定環境變數:

$ export OCP_RELEASE="4.4.5-x86_64"
$ export LOCAL_REGISTRY='registry.openshift4.example.com' 
$ export LOCAL_REPOSITORY='ocp4/openshift4'
$ export PRODUCT_REPO='openshift-release-dev'
$ export LOCAL_SECRET_JSON='/root/pull-secret.json'
$ export RELEASE_NAME="ocp-release"
  • OCP_RELEASE : OCP 版本,可以在這個頁面檢視。如果版本不對,下面執行 oc adm 時會提示 image does not exist
  • LOCAL_REGISTRY : 本地倉庫的域名和埠。
  • LOCAL_REPOSITORY : 映象儲存庫名稱,使用 ocp4/openshift4
  • PRODUCT_REPORELEASE_NAME 都不需要改,這些都是一些版本特徵,保持不變即可。
  • LOCAL_SECRET_JSON : 金鑰路徑,就是上面 pull-secret.json 的存放路徑。

在 Quay 中建立一個組織(Organizationocp4 用來存放同步過來的映象。

最後一步就是同步映象,這一步的動作就是把 quay 官方倉庫中的映象同步到本地倉庫,如果失敗了可以重新執行命令,整體內容大概 5G

$ oc adm -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} release mirror \
     --from=quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE} \
     --to=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} \
     --to-release-image=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}

oc adm release mirror 命令執行完成後會輸出下面類似的資訊,儲存下來,將來會用在 install-config.yaml 檔案中:

imageContentSources:
- mirrors:
  - registry.openshift4.example.com/ocp4/openshift4
  source: quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release
- mirrors:
  - registry.openshift4.example.com/ocp4/openshift4
  source: quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev

本地映象倉庫快取好映象之後,通過 tag/list 介面檢視所有 tag,如果能列出來一堆就說明是正常的:

$ curl -s -X GET -H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" https://registry.openshift4.example.com/api/v1/repository/ocp4/openshift4/tag/|jq .

{
  "has_additional": true,
  "page": 1,
  "tags": [
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-cluster-kube-scheduler-operator",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821178,
      "image_id": "a778898a93d4fc5413abea38aa604d14d7efbd99ee1ea75d2d1bea3c27a05859",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:18 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:887eda5ce495f1a33c5adbba8772064d3a8b78192162e4c75bd84763c5a1fb01",
      "docker_image_id": "a778898a93d4fc5413abea38aa604d14d7efbd99ee1ea75d2d1bea3c27a05859",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 103582366
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-kube-rbac-proxy",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821178,
      "image_id": "f1714cda6028bd7998fbba1eb79348f33b9ed9ccb0a69388da2eb0aefc222f85",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:18 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:f6351c3aa750fea93050673f66c5ddaaf9e1db241c7ebe31f555e011b20d8c30",
      "docker_image_id": "f1714cda6028bd7998fbba1eb79348f33b9ed9ccb0a69388da2eb0aefc222f85",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 102366055
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-cluster-kube-controller-manager-operator",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821178,
      "image_id": "bc7e19d35ec08c1a93058db1705998da2f8bbe5cdbb7f3f5974e6176e2f79eb6",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:18 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:0aa16b4ff32fbb9bc7b32aa1bf6441a19a1deb775fb203f21bb8792ff1a26c2e",
      "docker_image_id": "bc7e19d35ec08c1a93058db1705998da2f8bbe5cdbb7f3f5974e6176e2f79eb6",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 104264263
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-baremetal-operator",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821178,
      "image_id": "6ec90c0fb53125801d41b37f8f28c4679e49ce19427f7848803a2bc397e4c23b",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:18 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:a77ff02f349d96567da8e06018ad0dfbfb5fef6600a9a216ade15fadc574f4b4",
      "docker_image_id": "6ec90c0fb53125801d41b37f8f28c4679e49ce19427f7848803a2bc397e4c23b",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 110117444
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-cluster-etcd-operator",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821178,
      "image_id": "d0cf3539496e075954e53fce5ed56445ae87f9f32cfb41e9352a23af4aa04d69",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:18 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:9f7a02df3a5d91326d95e444e2e249f8205632ae986d6dccc7f007ec65c8af77",
      "docker_image_id": "d0cf3539496e075954e53fce5ed56445ae87f9f32cfb41e9352a23af4aa04d69",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 103890103
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-openshift-apiserver",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821177,
      "image_id": "eba5a051dcbab534228728c7295d31edc0323c7930fa44b40059cf8d22948363",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:17 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:8fd79797e6e0e9337fc9689863c3817540a003685a6dfc2a55ecb77059967cef",
      "docker_image_id": "eba5a051dcbab534228728c7295d31edc0323c7930fa44b40059cf8d22948363",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 109243025
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-kube-client-agent",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821177,
      "image_id": "fc1fdfb96e9cd250024094b15efa79344c955c7d0c93253df312ffdae02b5524",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:17 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:8eb481214103d8e0b5fe982ffd682f838b969c8ff7d4f3ed4f83d4a444fb841b",
      "docker_image_id": "fc1fdfb96e9cd250024094b15efa79344c955c7d0c93253df312ffdae02b5524",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 99721802
    },
    {
      "name": "4.4.5-kube-proxy",
      "reversion": false,
      "start_ts": 1590821177,
      "image_id": "d2577f4816cb81444ef3b441bf9769904c602cd6626982c2fd8ebba162fd0c08",
      "last_modified": "Sat, 30 May 2020 06:46:17 -0000",
      "manifest_digest": "sha256:886ae5bd5777773c7ef2fc76f1100cc8f592653ce46f73b816de80a20a113769",
      "docker_image_id": "d2577f4816cb81444ef3b441bf9769904c602cd6626982c2fd8ebba162fd0c08",
      "is_manifest_list": false,
      "size": 103473573
    },
    ...
}

這裡需要建立一個 OAuth access token 來訪問 Quay 的 API,建立過程如下:

  1. 瀏覽器登入 Red Hat Quay,選擇一個組織(Organization),例如 ocp4
  2. 在左側導航中選擇 Applications 圖示。
  3. 選擇 Create New Application,輸入 Application 的名字然後回車。
  4. 選擇你新建立的 Application,在左側導航欄中選擇 Generate Token
  5. 選擇相應的許可權,然後點選 Generate Access Token
  6. 再次確認你設定的許可權,然後點選 Authorize Application
  7. 保管好生成的 token。

Quay 的 API 文件可以參考這裡:Appendix A: Red Hat Quay Application Programming Interface (API)

Quay 中也能看到所有的映象:

提取 openshift-install 命令

為了保證安裝版本一致性,需要從映象庫中提取 openshift-install 二進位制檔案,不能直接從 https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/clients/ocp/4.4.5 下載,不然後面會有 sha256 匹配不上的問題。

# 這一步需要用到上面的 export 變數
$ oc adm release extract \
  -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \
  --command=openshift-install \
  "${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}"

如果提示 error: image dose not exist,說明拉取的映象不全,或者版本不對。

把檔案移動到 $PATH 並確認版本:

$ chmod +x openshift-install
$ mv openshift-install /usr/local/bin/

$ openshift-install version
openshift-install 4.4.5
built from commit 15eac3785998a5bc250c9f72101a4a9cb767e494
release image registry.openshift4.example.com/ocp4/openshift4@sha256:4a461dc23a9d323c8bd7a8631bed078a9e5eec690ce073f78b645c83fb4cdf74

3. 準備 Image Stream 樣例映象

準備一個映象列表,然後使用 oc image mirror 將映象同步到私有倉庫中:

cat sample-images.txt | while read line; do
  target=$(echo $line | sed 's/registry.redhat.io/registry.openshift4.example.com/')
  oc image mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} $line $target
done

如果之前裝過 OCP 4.4.5,把 openshift-cluster-samples-operator 專案下 cluster-samples-operator Pod 的 /opt/openshift 目錄同步出來,簡單 grep 一下就都有了完整的映象列表。

完整列表參考這裡

同步過程中如果遇到報錯,可根據報錯資訊到 Quay 中建立相應的 Organization,不用中斷任務。這裡給出一個參考,需要建立以下的 Organization:

rhscl
jboss-datavirt-6
3scale-amp21
3scale-amp22
3scale-amp23
3scale-amp24
3scale-amp25
3scale-amp26
jboss-eap-6
devtools
openshift3
rhpam-7
rhdm-7
jboss-amq-6
jboss-datagrid-7
jboss-datagrid-6
jboss-webserver-3
amq-broker-7
jboss-webserver-5
redhat-sso-7
openjdk
redhat-openjdk-18
fuse7
dotnet

4. 準備 OperatorHub 離線資源

首先在 Quay 中建立一個 devinfra 專案,然後構建 RedHat Operators 的 catalog image, 儲存為 registry.openshift4.example.com/devinfra/redhat-operators:v1

$ oc adm catalog build \
  -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \
  --appregistry-endpoint https://quay.io/cnr \
  --from=registry.redhat.io/openshift4/ose-operator-registry:v4.4 \
  --appregistry-org redhat-operators \
  --to=registry.openshift4.example.com/devinfra/redhat-operators:v1

這個 catalog image 相當於 RedHat Operators 的一個目錄,通過 catalog image 可以找到 RedHat Operators 的所有映象。而且 catalog image 使用 sha256 digest 來引用映象,能夠確保應用有穩定可重複的部署。

然後使用 catalog image 同步 RedHat Operators 的所有映象到私有倉庫:

$ oc adm catalog mirror \
  -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \
  registry.openshift4.example.com/devinfra/redhat-operators:v1 \
  registry.openshift4.example.com

如果執行過程中遇到 project not found 之類的錯誤,可根據報錯資訊到 Quay 中建立相應的專案,不用中斷任務。

這裡還會遇到一個 bug,執行到最後會有如下的報錯資訊:

...
I0409 08:04:48.342110   11331 mirror.go:231] wrote database to /tmp/db-225652515/bundles.db
W0409 08:04:48.347417   11331 mirror.go:258] errors during mirroring. the full contents of the catalog may not have been mirrored: couldn't parse image for mirroring (), skipping mirror: invalid reference format
I0409 08:04:48.385816   11331 mirror.go:329] wrote mirroring manifests to redhat-operators-manifests

先來看看有哪些 Operators:

$ sqlite3 /tmp/db-225652515/bundles.db 'select * from related_image'|grep '^|'

隨便挑一個 Operator,檢視其 ClusterServiceVersionspec.relatedImages 欄位內容:

$ cat /tmp/cache-943388495/manifests-698804708/3scale-operator/3scale-operator-9re7jpyl/0.5.0/3scale-operator.v0.5.0.clusterserviceversion.yaml

...
spec:
  replaces: 3scale-operator.v0.4.2
  relatedImages:
  - name: apicast-gateway-rhel8
    image: registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/apicast-gateway-rhel8@sha256:21be62a6557846337dc0cf764be63442718fab03b95c198a301363886a9e74f9
  - name: backend-rhel7
    image: registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/backend-rhel7@sha256:ea8a31345d3c2a56b02998b019db2e17f61eeaa26790a07962d5e3b66032d8e5
  - name: system-rhel7
    image: registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/system-rhel7@sha256:93819c324831353bb8f7cb6e9910694b88609c3a20d4c1b9a22d9c2bbfbad16f
  - name: zync-rhel7
    image: registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/zync-rhel7@sha256:f4d5c1fdebe306f4e891ddfc4d3045a622d2f01db21ecfc9397cab25c9baa91a
  - name: memcached-rhel7
    image: registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/memcached-rhel7@sha256:ff5f3d2d131631d5db8985a5855ff4607e91f0aa86d07dafdcec4f7da13c9e05
  - name: redis-32-rhel7
    value: registry.redhat.io/rhscl/redis-32-rhel7@sha256:a9bdf52384a222635efc0284db47d12fbde8c3d0fcb66517ba8eefad1d4e9dc9
  - name: mysql-57-rhel7
    value: registry.redhat.io/rhscl/mysql-57-rhel7@sha256:9a781abe7581cc141e14a7e404ec34125b3e89c008b14f4e7b41e094fd3049fe
  - name: postgresql-10-rhel7
    value: registry.redhat.io/rhscl/postgresql-10-rhel7@sha256:de3ab628b403dc5eed986a7f392c34687bddafee7bdfccfd65cecf137ade3dfd
...

可以看到 relatedImages 列表中有些條目的鍵是 value 而不是 image,這就是問題所在! 那些沒有 image 的條目在反序列化時會將 image 的值當成空字串 ""

$ sqlite3 /tmp/db-225652515/bundles.db 'select * from related_image where operatorbundle_name="3scale-operator.v0.5.0"'

registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/zync-rhel7@sha256:f4d5c1fdebe306f4e891ddfc4d3045a622d2f01db21ecfc9397cab25c9baa91a|3scale-operator.v0.5.0
registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/memcached-rhel7@sha256:ff5f3d2d131631d5db8985a5855ff4607e91f0aa86d07dafdcec4f7da13c9e05|3scale-operator.v0.5.0
|3scale-operator.v0.5.0
registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/apicast-gateway-rhel8@sha256:21be62a6557846337dc0cf764be63442718fab03b95c198a301363886a9e74f9|3scale-operator.v0.5.0
registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/backend-rhel7@sha256:ea8a31345d3c2a56b02998b019db2e17f61eeaa26790a07962d5e3b66032d8e5|3scale-operator.v0.5.0
registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/3scale-rhel7-operator@sha256:2ba16314ee046b3c3814fe4e356b728da6853743bd72f8651e1a338e8bbf4f81|3scale-operator.v0.5.0
registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/system-rhel7@sha256:93819c324831353bb8f7cb6e9910694b88609c3a20d4c1b9a22d9c2bbfbad16f|3scale-operator.v0.5.0

從上面的輸出可以看到鍵為 value 的那幾個條目都反序列化失敗了,具體的討論參考:bundle validate should validate that there are no empty relatedImages

這裡給出一個臨時解決方案,先開啟另外一個視窗,然後回到原來的視窗執行命令:

$ oc adm catalog mirror \
  -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \
  registry.openshift4.example.com/devinfra/redhat-operators:v1 \
  registry.openshift4.example.com

然後迅速切到下一個視窗,查詢最新的 manifest 快取目錄:

$ ls -l /tmp/cache-*/

根據日期判斷最新的快取目錄,假設是 /tmp/cache-320634009,然後將所有的 value 替換為 image

$ sed -i "s/value: registry/image: registry/g" $(egrep -rl "value: registry" /tmp/cache-320634009/)

同步完成後會產生 redhat-operators-manifests 目錄,下面有兩個檔案:

  • imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml : 定義了一個 ImageContentSourcePolicy 物件,該物件可以配置節點將其對官方 Operator manifests 中映象的引用改為對本地映象倉庫中映象的引用。
  • mapping.txt : 包含了所有的源映象在本地映象倉庫中的對映位置。oc image mirror 命令可以引用該檔案進一步修改映象配置。

然而目前這麼做還是有問題 1800674: 同步出來的映象 manifest digest 不對,導致後面離線安裝 Operator 時會報映象無法獲取的錯誤。

暫時可以使用上面 bugzilla 連結裡給出的臨時解決方案,先安裝 skopeo:

$ yum install -y golang gpgme-devel libassuan-devel btrfs-progs-devel device-mapper-devel
$ git clone https://github.com/containers/skopeo
$ cd skopeo
$ make binary-local
$ mv skopeo /usr/local/bin/

pull-secret.json 中解碼 quay.ioregistry.redhat.ioregistry.access.redhat.com 的使用者名稱密碼,然後通過下面的命令認證:

$ skopeo login -u <quay.io_user> -p <quay.io_psw> quay.io
$ skopeo login -u <registry.redhat.io_user> -p <registry.redhat.io_psw> registry.redhat.io
$ skopeo login -u <registry.access.redhat.com_user> -p <registry.access.redhat.com_psw> registry.access.redhat.com

最後同步映象的 manifest digest:

cat redhat-operators-manifests/mapping.txt | while read line; do
  origin=$(echo $line | cut -d= -f1)
  target=$(echo $line | cut -d= -f2)
  if [[ "$origin" =~ "sha256" ]]; then
    tag=$(echo $origin | cut -d: -f2 | cut -c -8)
    skopeo copy --all docker://$origin docker://$target:$tag
  else
    skopeo copy --all docker://$origin docker://$target
  fi
done

不得不說,OCP 的安裝真是個浩大的工程,這洋洋灑灑的一大篇也只是準備了離線資源,這只是安裝的一小步,還有很長的步驟要寫,心理素質不過關的同學切勿隨意模仿。

5. 參考資料


Kubernetes 1.18.2 1.17.5 1.16.9 1.15.12離線安裝包釋出地址http://store.lameleg.com ,歡迎體驗。 使用了最新的sealos v3.3.6版本。 作了主機名解析配置優化,lvscare 掛載/lib/module解決開機啟動ipvs載入問題, 修復lvscare社群netlink與3.10核心不相容問題,sealos生成百年證照等特性。更多特性 https://github.com/fanux/sealos 。歡迎掃描下方的二維碼加入釘釘群 ,釘釘群已經整合sealos的機器人實時可以看到sealos的動態。

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