一、Button寬度佔滿螢幕或自定義
Flutter為我們提供了各式各樣的Button,包括FlatButton
、RaisedButton
、OutlineButton
、RaisedButton.icon
、FlatButton.icon
、OutlineButton.icon
......等,而這些Button都是直接或間接繼承於MaterialButton
,在MaterialButton
基礎上封裝了一下屬性,或擴充了一下child屬性增加了icon。
但是,當我們用FlatButton、RaisedButton 、OutlineButton時發現Button的寬度是包裹內容的,那怎麼能讓寬度佔滿螢幕或自定義大小呢?
方案一:直接使用MaterialButton
我們看下MaterialButton中提供了2個屬性:minWidth
和height
,我們直接設定這2個屬性的寬度或者高度就可以,如果想寬度佔滿全屏可以直接設定成double.infinity
,如下:
MaterialButton(
onPressed: () {},
child: Text("寬度佔滿了"),
minWidth: double.infinity,
height: 50.0,
color: Colors.green,
textColor: Colors.white,
)
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方案二:設定在ButtonTheme中設定寬度
我們看到MaterialButton原始碼中的寬高有這樣一句話
/// Defaults to the value from the current [ButtonTheme].
final double minWidth;
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可以知道Button預設的寬高是來源於ButtonTheme
,其實MaterialButton
的許多屬性的預設值都來源於ButtonTheme
,所以我們直接全域性設定這個就好了,如下:
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
// This widget is the root of your application.
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: 'Flutter Demo',
theme: ThemeData(
buttonTheme: ButtonThemeData(minWidth: double.infinity, height: 50.0),
),
home: SplashPage(),
);
}
}
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這樣所有你用的Button,不管是FlatButton
、RaisedButton
、OutlineButton
還是MaterialButton
都預設成寬度最大,高度50了,大家根據具體情況去做就好了。
方案三:在Button之外再套一層控制大小
這種情況可直接使用FlatButton
、RaisedButton
、OutlineButton
如下:
SizedBox(
width: double.infinity,
height: 50,
child: RaisedButton(
onPressed: () {},
child: Text("寬度佔滿了"),
color: Colors.green,
textColor: Colors.white,
),
),
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當然不止SizedBox
可以控制大小,其他能設定寬高的佈局widget也可以,大家視情況而定就好了。如Container
,下面這個寬度佔滿,距左右邊距20。
Container(
width: double.infinity,
height: 50,
padding: EdgeInsets.only(left: 20,right: 20),
child: RaisedButton(
onPressed: () {},
child: Text("寬度佔滿了"),
color: Colors.green,
textColor: Colors.white,
),
)
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二、自定義Button,支援文字上下左右帶icon
我們看下RaisedButton.icon
、FlatButton.icon
、OutlineButton.icon
這些的icon都是怎麼加上的,原始碼:
class _FlatButtonWithIcon extends FlatButton with MaterialButtonWithIconMixin {
_FlatButtonWithIcon({
Key key,
@required VoidCallback onPressed,
...
...
MaterialTapTargetSize materialTapTargetSize,
@required Widget icon,
@required Widget label,
}) : assert(icon != null),
assert(label != null),
super(
key: key,
onPressed: onPressed,
...
...
materialTapTargetSize: materialTapTargetSize,
child: Row(
mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
children: <Widget>[
icon,
const SizedBox(width: 8.0),
label,
],
),
);
}
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其實很簡單,就是定義了個icon,然後,把這個icon和label用Row
給包起來了,照這樣我們可以定義任何按鈕裡面的佈局了,可以放任何東西進去。
於是,我們先自定義一個類似於Android中Button,支援android:drawableLeft
,android:drawableTop
,android:drawableRight
,android:drawableBottom
,如下:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
///
/// Create by Hugo.Guo
/// Date: 2019-06-13
///
class FullIconButton extends MaterialButton with MaterialButtonWithIconMixin {
FullIconButton({
Key key,
@required VoidCallback onPressed,
ValueChanged<bool> onHighlightChanged,
ButtonTextTheme textTheme,
Color textColor,
Color disabledTextColor,
Color color,
Color disabledColor,
Color focusColor,
Color hoverColor,
Color highlightColor,
Color splashColor,
Brightness colorBrightness,
double elevation,
double highlightElevation,
double disabledElevation,
ShapeBorder shape,
Clip clipBehavior = Clip.none,
FocusNode focusNode,
MaterialTapTargetSize materialTapTargetSize,
Duration animationDuration,
double minWidth,
double height,
Widget leftIcon,
Widget topIcon,
Widget rightIcon,
Widget bottomIcon,
EdgeInsetsGeometry textPadding,
Widget label,
}) : assert(elevation == null || elevation >= 0.0),
assert(highlightElevation == null || highlightElevation >= 0.0),
assert(disabledElevation == null || disabledElevation >= 0.0),
super(
key: key,
onPressed: onPressed,
onHighlightChanged: onHighlightChanged,
textTheme: textTheme,
textColor: textColor,
disabledTextColor: disabledTextColor,
color: color,
disabledColor: disabledColor,
focusColor: focusColor,
hoverColor: hoverColor,
highlightColor: highlightColor,
splashColor: splashColor,
colorBrightness: colorBrightness,
elevation: elevation,
highlightElevation: highlightElevation,
disabledElevation: disabledElevation,
shape: shape,
clipBehavior: clipBehavior,
focusNode: focusNode,
materialTapTargetSize: materialTapTargetSize,
animationDuration: animationDuration,
minWidth: minWidth,
height: height,
child: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
children: <Widget>[
Offstage(
offstage: topIcon == null,
child: topIcon,
),
Row(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
children: <Widget>[
Offstage(
offstage: leftIcon == null,
child: leftIcon,
),
Padding(
padding: textPadding,
child: label,
),
Offstage(
offstage: rightIcon == null,
child: rightIcon,
),
],
),
Offstage(
offstage: bottomIcon == null,
child: bottomIcon,
),
],
),
);
}
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這裡建構函式裡我加了這些屬性
double minWidth,
double height,
Widget leftIcon,
Widget topIcon,
Widget rightIcon,
Widget bottomIcon,
EdgeInsetsGeometry textPadding,
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我們可以定義寬高,上下左右圖示,還有文字和圖示的間距,這樣用起來會比較方便了。當然如果你有其他需求一樣可以自己加進去。
另外我們用了Column
,Row
,Offstage
;Column
控制豎排的widget,Row
控制橫排的widget,Offstage
控制icon的顯示或隱藏,Offstage
有2個屬性offstage
和child
,其中offstage=true時Offstage
就不顯示了。
下面我們用下這個FullIconButton
FullIconButton(
label: Text("GitHub登入"),
color: Colors.blue,
textColor: Colors.white,
onPressed: () {},
minWidth: double.infinity,
leftIcon: Image.asset(
"images/icon_github.png",
width: 24,
height: 24,
color: Colors.white,
),
rightIcon: Icon(Icons.group),
topIcon: Text("我是?"),
bottomIcon: Text("我是?"),
textPadding: EdgeInsets.only(left: 10, right: 10),
)
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效果如下:
當然四周定義的是widget,所以你可以放任何widget進去,不只是icon。通過這個自定義Button,我們可以定義任何我們想要的通用的widget,不明白或者遇到問題的時候檢視下原始碼是怎麼做的就可以了。