前後端API互動資料加密——AES與RSA混合加密完整例項

　　前言

 　　前段時間看到一篇文章講如何保證API呼叫時資料的安全性（傳送門：https://blog.csdn.net/ityouknow/article/details/80603617），文中講到利用RSA來加密傳輸AES的祕鑰，用AES來加密資料，並提供如下思路：

　　說人話就是前、後端各自生成自己的RSA祕鑰對（公鑰、私鑰），然後交換公鑰（後端給前端的是正常的明文公鑰，前端給後端的是用後端公鑰加密後的密文公鑰；PS：其實我覺得直接交換兩個明文公鑰就行了），後端生成AES的明文key，用明文key進行AES加密得到密文資料，用前端的公鑰進行RSA加密得到密文key，API互動時並將密文資料與密文key進行傳輸，前端用自己的私鑰進行RAS解密的到明文key，用明文key進行AES解密得到明文資料；前端給後端傳送資料時同理，這樣一來，傳輸的資料都是密文，且只有祕鑰才能解密

　　可惜這篇部落格只提供了思路，但並沒有具體的程式碼，我們在網上查詢一下資料，開始生擼程式碼，實現一個前後端API互動資料加密——AES與RSA混合加密，並應用到專案中

 

　　後端加、解密

　　從網上查詢工具類，再進行改造

　　先引入Base64工具類

        <!-- Base64編碼需要  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.directory.studio</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.apache.commons.codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.8</version>
        </dependency>

 

　　AES

package cn.huanzi.ims.util;

import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * AES加、解密演算法工具類
 */
public class AesUtil {
    /**
     * 加密演算法AES
     */
    private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";

    /**
     * key的長度，Wrong key size: must be equal to 128, 192 or 256
     * 傳入時需要16、24、36
     */
    private static final Integer KEY_LENGTH = 16 * 8;

    /**
     * 演算法名稱/加密模式/資料填充方式
     * 預設：AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding
     */
    private static final String ALGORITHMS = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";

    /**
     * 後端AES的key，由靜態程式碼塊賦值
     */
    public static String key;

    static {
        key = getKey();
    }

    /**
     * 獲取key
     */
    public static String getKey() {
        StringBuilder uid = new StringBuilder();
        //產生16位的強隨機數
        Random rd = new SecureRandom();
        for (int i = 0; i < KEY_LENGTH / 8; i++) {
            //產生0-2的3位隨機數
            int type = rd.nextInt(3);
            switch (type) {
                case 0:
                    //0-9的隨機數
                    uid.append(rd.nextInt(10));
                    break;
                case 1:
                    //ASCII在65-90之間為大寫,獲取大寫隨機
                    uid.append((char) (rd.nextInt(25) + 65));
                    break;
                case 2:
                    //ASCII在97-122之間為小寫，獲取小寫隨機
                    uid.append((char) (rd.nextInt(25) + 97));
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        return uid.toString();
    }

    /**
     * 加密
     *
     * @param content    加密的字串
     * @param encryptKey key值
     */
    public static String encrypt(String content, String encryptKey) throws Exception {
        //設定Cipher物件
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS,new BouncyCastleProvider());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(encryptKey.getBytes(), KEY_ALGORITHM));

        //呼叫doFinal
        byte[] b = cipher.doFinal(content.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

        // 轉base64
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(b);

    }

    /**
     * 解密
     *
     * @param encryptStr 解密的字串
     * @param decryptKey 解密的key值
     */
    public static String decrypt(String encryptStr, String decryptKey) throws Exception {
        //base64格式的key字串轉byte
        byte[] decodeBase64 = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptStr);

        //設定Cipher物件
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS,new BouncyCastleProvider());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, new SecretKeySpec(decryptKey.getBytes(), KEY_ALGORITHM));

        //呼叫doFinal解密
        byte[] decryptBytes = cipher.doFinal(decodeBase64);
        return new String(decryptBytes);
    }

}

 

　　RSA

package cn.huanzi.ims.util;


import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * RSA加、解密演算法工具類
 */
public class RsaUtil {

    /**
     * 加密演算法AES
     */
    private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

    /**
     * 演算法名稱/加密模式/資料填充方式
     * 預設：RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding
     */
    private static final String ALGORITHMS = "RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding";

    /**
     * Map獲取公鑰的key
     */
    private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "publicKey";

    /**
     * Map獲取私鑰的key
     */
    private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "privateKey";

    /**
     * RSA最大加密明文大小
     */
    private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;

    /**
     * RSA最大解密密文大小
     */
    private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;

    /**
     * RSA 位數 如果採用2048 上面最大加密和最大解密則須填寫:  245 256
     */
    private static final int INITIALIZE_LENGTH = 1024;

    /**
     * 後端RSA的金鑰對(公鑰和私鑰)Map，由靜態程式碼塊賦值
     */
    private static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair = new HashMap<>();

    static {
        try {
            genKeyPair.putAll(genKeyPair());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 生成金鑰對(公鑰和私鑰)
     */
    private static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        keyPairGen.initialize(INITIALIZE_LENGTH);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
        //公鑰
        keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
        //私鑰
        keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
        return keyMap;
    }

    /**
     * 私鑰解密
     *
     * @param encryptedData 已加密資料
     * @param privateKey    私鑰(BASE64編碼)
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        //base64格式的key字串轉Key物件
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);

        //設定加密、填充方式
        /*
            如需使用更多加密、填充方式，引入
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
                <artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
                <version>1.46</version>
            </dependency>
            並改成
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS ,new BouncyCastleProvider());
         */
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);

        //分段進行解密操作
        return encryptAndDecryptOfSubsection(encryptedData, cipher, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
    }

    /**
     * 公鑰加密
     *
     * @param data      源資料
     * @param publicKey 公鑰(BASE64編碼)
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey) throws Exception {
        //base64格式的key字串轉Key物件
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);

        //設定加密、填充方式
        /*
            如需使用更多加密、填充方式，引入
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
                <artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
                <version>1.46</version>
            </dependency>
            並改成
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS ,new BouncyCastleProvider());
         */
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);

        //分段進行加密操作
        return encryptAndDecryptOfSubsection(data, cipher, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
    }

    /**
     * 獲取私鑰
     */
    public static String getPrivateKey() {
        Key key = (Key) genKeyPair.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(key.getEncoded());
    }

    /**
     * 獲取公鑰
     */
    public static String getPublicKey() {
        Key key = (Key) genKeyPair.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(key.getEncoded());
    }

    /**
     * 分段進行加密、解密操作
     */
    private static byte[] encryptAndDecryptOfSubsection(byte[] data, Cipher cipher, int encryptBlock) throws Exception {
        int inputLen = data.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 對資料分段加密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > encryptBlock) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, encryptBlock);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * encryptBlock;
        }
        byte[] toByteArray = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return toByteArray;
    }
}

 

　　簡單測試

　　AES對稱加密、解密簡單測試

　　1、字串

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        //16位
        String key = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3";

        //字串
        String str = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子";
        try {
            //加密
            String encrypt = AesUtil.encrypt(str, key);
            //解密
            String decrypt = AesUtil.decrypt(encrypt, key);

            System.out.println("加密前：" + str);
            System.out.println("加密後：" + encrypt);
            System.out.println("解密後：" + decrypt);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子
加密後：dXPRtcdHPQSTwxLnmixkaSvNfGHhg5Gz8sGTtiqCpPo=
解密後：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子

 

　　2、複雜物件

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //16位
        String key = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3";

        //複雜物件
        ImsUserVo userVo = new ImsUserVo();
        userVo.setUserName("123456");
        userVo.setPassword("111111");
        try {
            //加密
            String encrypt = AesUtil.encrypt(userVo.toString(), key);
            //解密
            String decrypt = AesUtil.decrypt(encrypt, key);

            System.out.println("加密前：" + userVo.toString());
            System.out.println("加密後：" + encrypt);
            System.out.println("解密後：" + decrypt);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

加密前：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)
加密後：AXv8ewfY+gbuZ/dCmGAxngLry+Idlp1NKZ8yyf9+bmrBggUBo3b+e4XRwMAE/DP+vFS2HpgeYQTrZM1ECjo01uvZ/T6lY7b2C6L8PTotYHQyJM3kOs+YNXL/uyvFZ2EICSQWhmM1XX+g0juHLCbgQDMNXc56S/7eH2p+su1+CTMygUBCF0U/gZaSzqylqujTb3sg7q4xMuxCQ6ne6xmL3ebjanOLeMJHypTDy1rlJTw=
解密後：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)

 

　　RAS非對稱加密、解密簡單測試

　　1、字串的RSA公鑰加密、私鑰解密

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //字串
        String str = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子";
        try {
            System.out.println("私鑰：" + RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
            System.out.println("公鑰：" + RsaUtil.getPublicKey());

            //公鑰加密
            byte[] ciphertext = RsaUtil.encryptByPublicKey(str.getBytes(), RsaUtil.getPublicKey());
            //私鑰解密
            byte[] plaintext = RsaUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(ciphertext, RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());

            System.out.println("公鑰加密前：" + str);
            System.out.println("公鑰加密後：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(ciphertext));
            System.out.println("私鑰解密後：" + new String(plaintext));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

私鑰：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
公鑰：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDRtPG9i9B5NUAiV8k1COgOAqlvihDQnnWciQmDLXmf78fdynmGWz0oYSNyFiSbY/VPom4gFUY85opCPZZCnYJwmjoE5hGYrNkVoC84XDqUqnafyenfmLZgg+lA3jtxOkD8n1b/Xd6j66mmFAsYuwpqLs1Wmv3Caq32Ae6hmLd7uQIDAQAB
公鑰加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子
公鑰加密後：MQa65DyVZg/L8SBilLX1yUiajtiTBqUFpQ/qlrSRyMGCubylbp9KisowRghPxk9BuI3+ea/4QpidIZKJaZAbQQ+ZKyslSTk3nm6H+0BF9pMA7BUeC33xHSy+3lJrNOr5S+Vup1Oir3Nu8i2vJYQV1pPkB5+zyUVEcNLD3xr/eNQ=
私鑰解密後：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子

　

　　2、複雜物件的RSA公鑰加密、私鑰解密

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //複雜物件
        ImsUserVo userVo = new ImsUserVo();
        userVo.setUserName("123456");
        userVo.setPassword("111111");
        try {
            System.out.println("私鑰：" + RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
            System.out.println("公鑰：" + RsaUtil.getPublicKey());

            //公鑰加密
            byte[] ciphertext = RsaUtil.encryptByPublicKey(userVo.toString().getBytes(), RsaUtil.getPublicKey());
            //私鑰解密
            byte[] plaintext = RsaUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(ciphertext, RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());

            System.out.println("公鑰加密前：" + userVo.toString());
            System.out.println("公鑰加密後：" + Base64.encodeBase64String(ciphertext));
            System.out.println("私鑰解密後：" + new String(plaintext));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

私鑰：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
公鑰：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC+oEirNhuIha4T6NGixC3xs7AgGgeYc7b3JQ/SdoWU9il37OkuScGdEVkUdvK6h5tHtkTVt382Mji70qKvd5/00QJJlwW1YmtwQk60syz6yhWPCby8l6m61dDa8csGPuGZYEeUfrHFmo9y7VEet7El2+XXZjoPV3La1gRr7CqzSQIDAQAB
公鑰加密前：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)
公鑰加密後：Un+1m/CbpzVkkxYrwNOWyEXqpsawxcdv4p3G+9b+SQRiC/THL8YG+IvqFCHnxizzYGB9LEvLbQxw72JB0Wlo1+/SvX7AJb2h0ddpvVUkPjmtXNo073SV1zMK+9NTCJUMMoHu/TIptxRbVxlBoGMHa+jq8h2y3RUOPtx/9zhBWlQmzZEifv0MjgAhKX5ucExYfXctcAVGHL959+TwKqKQmTENw5o0ElksaA0KIF+4L7RvpWVSqZT1Y4O2gMP9ALjamCx6ziRcmk4b4Q5Goph0nmw6nA387qVi3Vz6rQHrIpL0HT5OSiz1O7+2L3N0Him2IZeAgg3EZCi5xTGl54jGEw==
私鑰解密後：ImsUserVo(id=null, userName=123456, password=111111, nickName=null, gender=null, avatar=null, email=null, phone=null, sign=null, createdTime=null, updataTime=null)

 

　　如需使用更多加密、填充方式，引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
    <artifactId>bcprov-jdk16</artifactId>
    <version>1.46</version>
</dependency>

　　加解密的時候改成

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMS ,new BouncyCastleProvider());

 

 

 　　前端加、解密

 　　AES我們採用CryptoJS，是一個標準和安全加密演算法的JavaScript庫，它的AES加密支援AES-128、AES-192和AES-256。下載或檢視詳情介紹請戳官網地址

　　GitHub地址：https://github.com/brix/crypto-js

　　官網地址：https://code.google.com/archive/p/crypto-js/

 

　　RSA我們採用JSEncrypt，它是一個很好用的RSA加密演算法的JavaScript庫，使用PKCS#1進行填充，加解密使用方式很簡單，具體的介紹或者下載請移步官網

　　GitHub地址：https://github.com/travist/jsencrypt

　　官網地址：http://travistidwell.com/jsencrypt/

　　下載下來後我們在專案頭部head.html引入，並新建兩個小工具類

　　

　　AES

/**
 * 簡單封裝一下
 */
var aesUtil = {

    //獲取key，
    genKey : function (length = 16) {
        let random = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
        let str = "";
        for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            str  = str + random.charAt(Math.random() * random.length)
        }
        return str;
    },

    //加密
    encrypt : function (plaintext,key) {
        if (plaintext instanceof Object) {
            //JSON.stringify
            plaintext = JSON.stringify(plaintext)
        }
        let encrypted = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(plaintext), CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode:CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7});
        return encrypted.toString();
    },

    //解密
    decrypt : function (ciphertext,key) {
        let decrypt = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(ciphertext, CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key), {mode:CryptoJS.mode.ECB,padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7});
        //JSON.parse
        return JSON.parse(CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.stringify(decrypt).toString());
    }
};

 

　　RSA

/**
 * 簡單封裝一下
 */
var rsaUtil = {
    //RSA 位數，這裡要跟後端對應
    bits: 1024,

    //當前JSEncrypted物件
    thisKeyPair: {},

    //生成金鑰對(公鑰和私鑰)
    genKeyPair: function (bits = rsaUtil.bits) {
        let genKeyPair = {};
        rsaUtil.thisKeyPair = new JSEncrypt({default_key_size: bits});

        //獲取私鑰
        genKeyPair.privateKey = rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.getPrivateKey();

        //獲取公鑰
        genKeyPair.publicKey = rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.getPublicKey();

        return genKeyPair;
    },

    //公鑰加密
    encrypt: function (plaintext, publicKey) {
        if (plaintext instanceof Object) {
            //1、JSON.stringify
            plaintext = JSON.stringify(plaintext)
        }
        publicKey && rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.setPublicKey(publicKey);
        return rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.encrypt(JSON.stringify(plaintext));
    },

    //私鑰解密
    decrypt: function (ciphertext, privateKey) {
        privateKey && rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.setPrivateKey(privateKey);
        return rsaUtil.thisKeyPair.decrypt(ciphertext);
    }
};

 

　　簡單測試

　　AES對稱加密、解密簡單測試

　　1、字串

//字串
let text = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子";

//key
let genKey = aesUtil.genKey();
//key加密
let ciphertext = aesUtil.encrypt(text,genKey);
//key解密
let plaintext = aesUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,genKey);

console.log("key：");console.log(genKey);
console.log("加密前：");console.log(text);
console.log("key加密後：" + ciphertext);
console.log("key解密後：");console.log(plaintext);

key：q99IsnEuryk1ZvgX
加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子
key加密後：aZn58GtEj9Is0hNWbJoqpRD6RkiBVPCHOvva3Xq2PYo=
key解密後：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子

 

　　2、複雜物件

//複雜物件
let user = {username: "歡子", password: 123456, remark: "abcd!@#$:"};

//key
let genKey = aesUtil.genKey();
//key加密
let ciphertext = aesUtil.encrypt(user,genKey);
//key解密
let plaintext = aesUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,genKey);

console.log("key：");console.log(genKey);
console.log("加密前：");console.log(user);
console.log("key加密後：" + ciphertext);
console.log("key解密後：");console.log(plaintext);

key：e6gzizHIpDfc6hbg
加密前：{username: "歡子", password: 123456, remark: "abcd!@#$:"}
key加密後：YdNw5AwteEp8WZs5xMv0YiGcXvX81P9MCLOvroHjfLUyQV/GwJ6obRqi4DT2ucJy8DWrKueOzLGLSQXUVhAgIA==
key解密後：{username: "歡子", password: 123456, remark: "abcd!@#$:"}

　　RAS非對稱加密、解密簡單測試

　　1、字串的RSA公鑰加密、私鑰解密

//普通字串
let text = "huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子";

//祕鑰對
let keyPair = rsaUtil.genKeyPair();
//公鑰加密
let ciphertext = rsaUtil.encrypt(text,keyPair.publicKey);
//私鑰解密
let plaintext = rsaUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,keyPair.privateKey);

console.log("祕鑰：");console.log(keyPair.privateKey);
console.log("公鑰：" + keyPair.publicKey);
console.log("加密前：" + text);
console.log("公鑰加密後：" + ciphertext);
console.log("解密後：" + plaintext);

祕鑰：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
公鑰：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDtBKNg9NJ0+mMWq+99geoi32t+xkbJuvQ4Wr7x8I+zGT8xiG+jG+OAuSjvi5yA7IEMMAj8Y8vS7IPPo2mAr/PH0DsNiHMATJm8mNIEDzfP4WOFOdidzqP+6/9iOLMfe4cHtGq+kdX7QPx4uabnIXAREnR4nVl5Mtxf+vEHXGmEPwIDAQAB
加密前：huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子
公鑰加密後：aUkUMYC7lF8M1xzcx5ZEdc0DQt4FrqvWqEnD30raV++j7rwsfEcyXpPmeF1g2LR86FVG3oxgdTptorkwUDSXB3Tv4av7toGg7Zcf9l1vs5WQX7kCDTitwBVwyBNTZq22xed1J/LAkDujDav6tUJHdMmRKYVe2NeTswvWLOqWWW4=
解密後："huanzi.qch@qq.com:歡子"

 

　　2、複雜物件的RSA公鑰加密、私鑰解密

//複雜物件
let user = {username:"歡子",password:123456,remark:"abcd!@#$:"};

//祕鑰對
let keyPair = rsaUtil.genKeyPair();
//公鑰加密
let ciphertext = rsaUtil.encrypt(user,keyPair.publicKey);
//私鑰解密
let plaintext = rsaUtil.decrypt(ciphertext,keyPair.privateKey);

console.log("祕鑰：");console.log(keyPair.privateKey);
console.log("公鑰：" + keyPair.publicKey);
console.log("加密前：" + user);
console.log("公鑰加密後：" + ciphertext);
console.log("解密後：" + plaintext);

祕鑰：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
公鑰：MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCsAE5TN8kD7U4mFyxBzN1w23Rkf4K8MQ3B0bCZE5crjYp81eUtWrfUM+zLPmF9e1P/ws2yGHvL6mueU9PxtDJn5rSLsQBSxIkN0QB/nq76S4uh2Nrmmrjomejy5LqXnTVbEoIW2RTFBzyMWy4AjQY6P2pAJ8zCagvcdYcweUIqMQIDAQAB
加密前：[object Object]
公鑰加密後：LwggD8SIeWoqzh4gHh/vJ9nEZsqeNZfoxgrRRPD7k0wpp9/uZmR5kfRJ8O59yW5IaOt1z50mJ26ylRBOKNoTTl7Rt4zVmBYX4EXr4Ajq3CINFcPI/j5l8yQRSIgLPUvOxhIAKmfrgNKCaLjSdjK/CnTbPrZoDArI8iAHq/ih4r8=
解密後："{\"username\":\"歡子\",\"password\":123456,\"remark\":\"abcd!@#$:\"}"

 

　　聯調測試

　　自己解密自己加密的的資料基本上沒有什麼問題，重要的是解密對方加密的資料會不會成功，前後端相互加解密的工程中，最重要的就是保持兩邊的加密、填充方式一致、加密位數一致，還有就是後端轉成字串轉成byte[]陣列的時候要注意，Base64工具類轉跟直接字串getByte()跟用輸入輸出流來轉，得到的陣列結果有差異，在本次測試中我也是搞了好久才使得前後端一致，緊跟上面的簡單測試，接下來我們進行前後端聯調測試

　　1、AES：前後端相互用對方的key解密對方加密的資料

　　2、前後端相互用對方的公鑰進行加密資料，然後將資料叫給對方解密

　　這裡要講一下步驟，不然大家看不懂下面這幾張圖，為了確保後端加密解密用的是同一個金鑰對，我們採用控制檯輸入前端祕鑰跟前端使用後端公鑰加密後的密文，然後再使用私鑰去解密從而得到前端的明文，而js前端部分，只有不重新整理頁面，物件資料會存在瀏覽器記憶體中，確保了加密解密是用同一個對金鑰對

　　總而言之，測試結果是正確的，接下來就可以再專案中進行加解密了

 　　專案應用

　　理論思路

　　前、後端的程式碼都封裝好了，並且都通過了簡單測試，接下來就是應用到專案中，首先我們要解決的是生成公鑰祕鑰並交換的問題，思路如下：

　　生成：

　　　　1、後端：在專案啟動的時候生成RSA公鑰祕鑰、AES的key，並在整個專案執行中不發生改變（或者每隔一段時間更新一次也行）

　　　　2、前端：我們在訪問頁面開始生成RSA公鑰祕鑰、AES的key，並且希望頁面在重新整理之前都不發生改變，因此將它們存在window物件中（如果需要更加健全，使用H5的本地儲存localStorage、sessionStorage），因為在head.html中生成比較合適

　　交換：

　　1、前端獲取後端RSA公鑰：前端訪問登入頁面（網站入口），後臺返回modelAndView時注入RSA的公鑰，前端獲取用存到sessionStorage中，直到回話關閉

　　2、後端獲取前端RSA公鑰：前端公鑰跟隨http請求傳送到後端

 

　　生成與交換公鑰的問題解決了，接下來就是如何傳輸AES加密後的資料跟RSA公鑰加密後的AES的key，思路如下：

　　1、前端：重寫$.ajax方法（或者封裝一個ajax），傳送資料前用AES加密資料，RSA公鑰加密AES的key，在傳送到後端；觸發回撥後，先用RSA私鑰解密AES的key，在用明文key去解密

　　2、後端：寫兩個自定義註解Encrypt、Decrypt，一個aop攔截所有帶自定義註解的post請求進行加密解密，有@Encrypt需要對返回值進行加密，有@Decrypt需要對引數進行解密，加密解密過程與前端的操作同理

 

　　前端程式碼

　　引入js

 

        <!--CryptoJS jsencrypt -->
        <script th:src="@{/js/cryptojs.js}"></script>
        <script th:src="@{/js/jsencrypt.js}"></script>
        <script th:src="@{/js/aesUtil.js}"></script>
        <script th:src="@{/js/rsaUtil.js}"></script>

 

　　下載CryptoJs跟jsencrypt下來發現CryptoJs需要引入很多js，因此在網上找了這個整合的js，引它就夠了

!function(t,n){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=n():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define([],n):t.CryptoJS=n()}(this,function(){var t=t||function(t,n){var i=Object.create||function(){function t(){}return function(n){var i;return t.prototype=n,i=new t,t.prototype=null,i}}(),e={},r=e.lib={},o=r.Base=function(){return{extend:function(t){var n=i(this);return t&&n.mixIn(t),n.hasOwnProperty("init")&&this.init!==n.init||(n.init=function(){n.$super.init.apply(this,arguments)}),n.init.prototype=n,n.$super=this,n},create:function(){var t=this.extend();return t.init.apply(t,arguments),t},init:function(){},mixIn:function(t){for(var n in t)t.hasOwnProperty(n)&&(this[n]=t[n]);t.hasOwnProperty("toString")&&(this.toString=t.toString)},clone:function(){return this.init.prototype.extend(this)}}}(),s=r.WordArray=o.extend({init:function(t,i){t=this.words=t||[],i!=n?this.sigBytes=i:this.sigBytes=4*t.length},toString:function(t){return(t||c).stringify(this)},concat:function(t){var n=this.words,i=t.words,e=this.sigBytes,r=t.sigBytes;if(this.clamp(),e%4)for(var o=0;o<r;o++){var s=i[o>>>2]>>>24-o%4*8&255;n[e+o>>>2]|=s<<24-(e+o)%4*8}else for(var o=0;o<r;o+=4)n[e+o>>>2]=i[o>>>2];return this.sigBytes+=r,this},clamp:function(){var n=this.words,i=this.sigBytes;n[i>>>2]&=4294967295<<32-i%4*8,n.length=t.ceil(i/4)},clone:function(){var t=o.clone.call(this);return t.words=this.words.slice(0),t},random:function(n){for(var i,e=[],r=function(n){var n=n,i=987654321,e=4294967295;return function(){i=36969*(65535&i)+(i>>16)&e,n=18e3*(65535&n)+(n>>16)&e;var r=(i<<16)+n&e;return r/=4294967296,r+=.5,r*(t.random()>.5?1:-1)}},o=0;o<n;o+=4){var a=r(4294967296*(i||t.random()));i=987654071*a(),e.push(4294967296*a()|0)}return new s.init(e,n)}}),a=e.enc={},c=a.Hex={stringify:function(t){for(var n=t.words,i=t.sigBytes,e=[],r=0;r<i;r++){var o=n[r>>>2]>>>24-r%4*8&255;e.push((o>>>4).toString(16)),e.push((15&o).toString(16))}return e.join("")},parse:function(t){for(var n=t.length,i=[],e=0;e<n;e+=2)i[e>>>3]|=parseInt(t.substr(e,2),16)<<24-e%8*4;return new s.init(i,n/2)}},u=a.Latin1={stringify:function(t){for(var n=t.words,i=t.sigBytes,e=[],r=0;r<i;r++){var o=n[r>>>2]>>>24-r%4*8&255;e.push(String.fromCharCode(o))}return e.join("")},parse:function(t){for(var n=t.length,i=[],e=0;e<n;e++)i[e>>>2]|=(255&t.charCodeAt(e))<<24-e%4*8;return new s.init(i,n)}},f=a.Utf8={stringify:function(t){try{return decodeURIComponent(escape(u.stringify(t)))}catch(t){throw new Error("Malformed UTF-8 data")}},parse:function(t){return u.parse(unescape(encodeURIComponent(t)))}},h=r.BufferedBlockAlgorithm=o.extend({reset:function(){this._data=new s.init,this._nDataBytes=0},_append:function(t){"string"==typeof t&&(t=f.parse(t)),this._data.concat(t),this._nDataBytes+=t.sigBytes},_process:function(n){var i=this._data,e=i.words,r=i.sigBytes,o=this.blockSize,a=4*o,c=r/a;c=n?t.ceil(c):t.max((0|c)-this._minBufferSize,0);var u=c*o,f=t.min(4*u,r);if(u){for(var h=0;h<u;h+=o)this._doProcessBlock(e,h);var p=e.splice(0,u);i.sigBytes-=f}return new s.init(p,f)},clone:function(){var t=o.clone.call(this);return t._data=this._data.clone(),t},_minBufferSize:0}),p=(r.Hasher=h.extend({cfg:o.extend(),init:function(t){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(t),this.reset()},reset:function(){h.reset.call(this),this._doReset()},update:function(t){return this._append(t),this._process(),this},finalize:function(t){t&&this._append(t);var n=this._doFinalize();return n},blockSize:16,_createHelper:function(t){return function(n,i){return new t.init(i).finalize(n)}},_createHmacHelper:function(t){return function(n,i){return new p.HMAC.init(t,i).finalize(n)}}}),e.algo={});return e}(Math);return t});
//# sourceMappingURL=core.min.js.map
!function(e,t,i){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=t(require("./core.min"),require("./sha1.min"),require("./hmac.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min","./sha1.min","./hmac.min"],t):t(e.CryptoJS)}(this,function(e){return function(){var t=e,i=t.lib,r=i.Base,n=i.WordArray,o=t.algo,a=o.MD5,c=o.EvpKDF=r.extend({cfg:r.extend({keySize:4,hasher:a,iterations:1}),init:function(e){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(e)},compute:function(e,t){for(var i=this.cfg,r=i.hasher.create(),o=n.create(),a=o.words,c=i.keySize,f=i.iterations;a.length<c;){s&&r.update(s);var s=r.update(e).finalize(t);r.reset();for(var u=1;u<f;u++)s=r.finalize(s),r.reset();o.concat(s)}return o.sigBytes=4*c,o}});t.EvpKDF=function(e,t,i){return c.create(i).compute(e,t)}}(),e.EvpKDF});
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!function(r,e){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=e(require("./core.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min"],e):e(r.CryptoJS)}(this,function(r){return function(){function e(r,e,t){for(var n=[],i=0,o=0;o<e;o++)if(o%4){var f=t[r.charCodeAt(o-1)]<<o%4*2,c=t[r.charCodeAt(o)]>>>6-o%4*2;n[i>>>2]|=(f|c)<<24-i%4*8,i++}return a.create(n,i)}var t=r,n=t.lib,a=n.WordArray,i=t.enc;i.Base64={stringify:function(r){var e=r.words,t=r.sigBytes,n=this._map;r.clamp();for(var a=[],i=0;i<t;i+=3)for(var o=e[i>>>2]>>>24-i%4*8&255,f=e[i+1>>>2]>>>24-(i+1)%4*8&255,c=e[i+2>>>2]>>>24-(i+2)%4*8&255,s=o<<16|f<<8|c,h=0;h<4&&i+.75*h<t;h++)a.push(n.charAt(s>>>6*(3-h)&63));var p=n.charAt(64);if(p)for(;a.length%4;)a.push(p);return a.join("")},parse:function(r){var t=r.length,n=this._map,a=this._reverseMap;if(!a){a=this._reverseMap=[];for(var i=0;i<n.length;i++)a[n.charCodeAt(i)]=i}var o=n.charAt(64);if(o){var f=r.indexOf(o);f!==-1&&(t=f)}return e(r,t,a)},_map:"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/="}}(),r.enc.Base64});
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//# sourceMappingURL=mode-ecb.min.js.map
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!function(e,r,i){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=r(require("./core.min"),require("./enc-base64.min"),require("./md5.min"),require("./evpkdf.min"),require("./cipher-core.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min","./enc-base64.min","./md5.min","./evpkdf.min","./cipher-core.min"],r):r(e.CryptoJS)}(this,function(e){return function(){var r=e,i=r.lib,n=i.BlockCipher,o=r.algo,t=[],c=[],s=[],f=[],a=[],d=[],u=[],v=[],h=[],y=[];!function(){for(var e=[],r=0;r<256;r++)r<128?e[r]=r<<1:e[r]=r<<1^283;for(var i=0,n=0,r=0;r<256;r++){var o=n^n<<1^n<<2^n<<3^n<<4;o=o>>>8^255&o^99,t[i]=o,c[o]=i;var p=e[i],l=e[p],_=e[l],k=257*e[o]^16843008*o;s[i]=k<<24|k>>>8,f[i]=k<<16|k>>>16,a[i]=k<<8|k>>>24,d[i]=k;var k=16843009*_^65537*l^257*p^16843008*i;u[o]=k<<24|k>>>8,v[o]=k<<16|k>>>16,h[o]=k<<8|k>>>24,y[o]=k,i?(i=p^e[e[e[_^p]]],n^=e[e[n]]):i=n=1}}();var p=[0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,27,54],l=o.AES=n.extend({_doReset:function(){if(!this._nRounds||this._keyPriorReset!==this._key){for(var e=this._keyPriorReset=this._key,r=e.words,i=e.sigBytes/4,n=this._nRounds=i+6,o=4*(n+1),c=this._keySchedule=[],s=0;s<o;s++)if(s<i)c[s]=r[s];else{var f=c[s-1];s%i?i>6&&s%i==4&&(f=t[f>>>24]<<24|t[f>>>16&255]<<16|t[f>>>8&255]<<8|t[255&f]):(f=f<<8|f>>>24,f=t[f>>>24]<<24|t[f>>>16&255]<<16|t[f>>>8&255]<<8|t[255&f],f^=p[s/i|0]<<24),c[s]=c[s-i]^f}for(var a=this._invKeySchedule=[],d=0;d<o;d++){var s=o-d;if(d%4)var f=c[s];else var f=c[s-4];d<4||s<=4?a[d]=f:a[d]=u[t[f>>>24]]^v[t[f>>>16&255]]^h[t[f>>>8&255]]^y[t[255&f]]}}},encryptBlock:function(e,r){this._doCryptBlock(e,r,this._keySchedule,s,f,a,d,t)},decryptBlock:function(e,r){var i=e[r+1];e[r+1]=e[r+3],e[r+3]=i,this._doCryptBlock(e,r,this._invKeySchedule,u,v,h,y,c);var i=e[r+1];e[r+1]=e[r+3],e[r+3]=i},_doCryptBlock:function(e,r,i,n,o,t,c,s){for(var f=this._nRounds,a=e[r]^i[0],d=e[r+1]^i[1],u=e[r+2]^i[2],v=e[r+3]^i[3],h=4,y=1;y<f;y++){var p=n[a>>>24]^o[d>>>16&255]^t[u>>>8&255]^c[255&v]^i[h++],l=n[d>>>24]^o[u>>>16&255]^t[v>>>8&255]^c[255&a]^i[h++],_=n[u>>>24]^o[v>>>16&255]^t[a>>>8&255]^c[255&d]^i[h++],k=n[v>>>24]^o[a>>>16&255]^t[d>>>8&255]^c[255&u]^i[h++];a=p,d=l,u=_,v=k}var p=(s[a>>>24]<<24|s[d>>>16&255]<<16|s[u>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&v])^i[h++],l=(s[d>>>24]<<24|s[u>>>16&255]<<16|s[v>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&a])^i[h++],_=(s[u>>>24]<<24|s[v>>>16&255]<<16|s[a>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&d])^i[h++],k=(s[v>>>24]<<24|s[a>>>16&255]<<16|s[d>>>8&255]<<8|s[255&u])^i[h++];e[r]=p,e[r+1]=l,e[r+2]=_,e[r+3]=k},keySize:8});r.AES=n._createHelper(l)}(),e.AES});
//# sourceMappingURL=aes.min.js.map
!function(e,n){"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=exports=n(require("./core.min")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["./core.min"],n):n(e.CryptoJS)}(this,function(e){return e.enc.Utf8});
//# sourceMappingURL=enc-utf8.min.js.map

 

 

　　獲取後端公鑰

 

<script th:inline="javascript">
    //獲取後端RSA公鑰並存到sessionStorage
    sessionStorage.setItem('javaPublicKey', [[${publicKey}]]);
</script>

 

 

 

　　重寫ajax以及生成前端金鑰對，因為我們專案中大部分都是使用$.ajax方法，所有重寫它比較合適，並且我們只攔截post請求

 

        <script>
            //獲取前端RSA公鑰密碼、AES的key，並放到window
            let genKeyPair = rsaUtil.genKeyPair();
            window.jsPublicKey = genKeyPair.publicKey;
            window.jsPrivateKey = genKeyPair.privateKey;
            window.aesKey = aesUtil.genKey();

            /**
             * 重寫jquery的ajax方法
             */
            let _ajax = $.ajax;//首先備份下jquery的ajax方法
            $.ajax = function (opt) {
                //備份opt中error和success方法
                let fn = {
                    error: function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
                    },
                    success: function (data, textStatus) {
                    }
                };
                if (opt.error) {
                    fn.error = opt.error;
                }
                if (opt.success) {
                    fn.success = opt.success;
                }

                //加密再傳輸
                if (opt.type.toLowerCase() === "post") {
                    let data = opt.data;
                    data = {
                        data: aesUtil.encrypt(data, window.aesKey),//AES加密後的資料
                        aesKey: rsaUtil.encrypt(window.aesKey, sessionStorage.getItem('javaPublicKey')),//後端RSA公鑰加密後的AES的key
                        publicKey: window.jsPublicKey//前端公鑰
                    };
                    opt.data = data;
                }

                //擴充套件增強處理
                let _opt = $.extend(opt, {
                    //成功回撥方法增強處理
                    success: function (data, textStatus) {
                        if (opt.type.toLowerCase() === "post") {
                            data = aesUtil.decrypt(data.data.data, rsaUtil.decrypt(data.data.aesKey, window.jsPrivateKey));
                        }
                        //先獲取明文aesKey，再用明文key去解密資料
                        fn.success(data, textStatus);
                    }
                });
                return _ajax(_opt);
            };
        </script>

 

 

 

 

　　後端程式碼

 

　　兩個自定義註解

 

package cn.huanzi.ims.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Decrypt {

}

 

package cn.huanzi.ims.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Encrypt {

}

 

　　aop掃描所有的controller，攔截帶自定義標籤的post請求，進行解密、加密再將明文設定回去（如何使用aop？請戳我之前的部落格：SpringBoot系列——aop 面向切面）

　　要注意的是：

　　1、我們在aop只設定了第一個引數，因此controller方法需要是實體接參且第一個引數就是；

　　2、對於返回值，需要是統一的返回值，因為我們目前是按統一的返回值設定值的，例如本例中的Result，是我們約定好的統一返回值（後續升級可以用反射來設定值）

package cn.huanzi.ims.aspect;

import cn.huanzi.ims.annotation.Decrypt;
import cn.huanzi.ims.annotation.Encrypt;
import cn.huanzi.ims.common.pojo.Result;
import cn.huanzi.ims.util.AesUtil;
import cn.huanzi.ims.util.RsaUtil;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.DeserializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

@Aspect
@Component
public class SafetyAspect {

    /**
     * Pointcut 切入點
     * 匹配cn.huanzi.ims.*.controller包下面的所有方法
     */
    @Pointcut("execution(public * cn.huanzi.ims.*.controller.*.*(..))")
    public void SafetyAspect() {
    }

    /**
     * 環繞通知
     */
    @Around(value = "SafetyAspect()")
    public Object arround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) {
        try {
            ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
            assert attributes != null;
            //request物件
            HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();

            //http請求方法  post get
            String httpMethod = request.getMethod().toLowerCase();

            //method方法
            Method method = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature()).getMethod();

            //method方法上面的註解
            Annotation[] annotations = method.getAnnotations();

            //方式的形參引數
            Object[] args = pjp.getArgs();

            //是否有@Decrypt
            boolean hasDecrypt = false;
            //是否有@Encrypt
            boolean hasEncrypt = false;
            for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
                if (annotation.annotationType() == Decrypt.class) {
                    hasDecrypt = true;
                }
                if (annotation.annotationType() == Encrypt.class) {
                    hasEncrypt = true;
                }
            }

            //前端公鑰
            String publicKey = null;

            //執行方法之前解密，且只攔截post請求
            if ("post".equals(httpMethod) && hasDecrypt) {
                //AES加密後的資料
                String data = request.getParameter("data");
                //後端RSA公鑰加密後的AES的key
                String aesKey = request.getParameter("aesKey");
                //前端公鑰
                publicKey = request.getParameter("publicKey");

                System.out.println("前端公鑰：" + publicKey);

                //後端私鑰解密的到AES的key
                byte[] plaintext = RsaUtil.decryptByPrivateKey(Base64.decodeBase64(aesKey), RsaUtil.getPrivateKey());
                aesKey = new String(plaintext);
                System.out.println("解密出來的AES的key：" + aesKey);

                //RSA解密出來字串多一對雙引號
                aesKey = aesKey.substring(1, aesKey.length() - 1);

                //AES解密得到明文data資料
                String decrypt = AesUtil.decrypt(data, aesKey);
                System.out.println("解密出來的data資料：" + decrypt);

                //設定到方法的形參中，目前只能設定只有一個引數的情況
                new ObjectMapper().configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
                args[0] = new ObjectMapper().readValue(decrypt, args[0].getClass());
            }

            //執行並替換最新形參引數   PS：這裡有一個個需要注意的地方，method方法必須是要public修飾的才能設定值，private的設定不了
            Object o = pjp.proceed(args);

            //返回結果之前加密
            if (hasEncrypt) {
                new ObjectMapper().configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
                //AES加密data資料
                String key = AesUtil.getKey();
                System.out.println("AES的key：" + key);
                String dataString = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(o);
                System.out.println("需要加密的data資料：" + dataString);
                String data = AesUtil.encrypt(dataString, key);

                //用前端的公鑰來解密AES的key，並轉成Base64
                String aesKey = Base64.encodeBase64String(RsaUtil.encryptByPublicKey(key.getBytes(), publicKey));

                //轉json字串並轉成Object物件
                o = Result.of(new ObjectMapper().readValue("{\"data\":\"" + data + "\",\"aesKey\":\"" + aesKey + "\"}", Object.class));
            }

            //返回
            return o;

        } catch (Throwable e) {
            System.err.println(pjp.getSignature());
            e.printStackTrace();
            return Result.of(null, false, "加解密出現異常：" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

}

　　在需要進行加密解密的controller方法上加自定義註解，需要加密@Encrypt，需要解密@Decrypt，兩個都有就兩個都加

    /**
     * 登入
     */
    @PostMapping("login")
    @Decrypt
    @Encrypt
    public Result<ImsUserVo> login(ImsUserVo userVo, HttpServletResponse response) 

 

　　效果演示

　　未加密之前的效果

　　資料直接暴露在http資料包中

 

 

　　AES與RSA混合加密之後的效果

　　http資料包中傳輸的是密文

 

　　解密之後才能看到明文資料

　　後記

 　　前後端API互動資料加密——AES與RSA混合加密完整例項先記錄到這裡，後續有空再更新升級，雖然說沒有絕對的安全，但加密總比不加密的要好，整篇文章從頭看起來也沒什麼，比較簡單，實際上...中間踩了很多坑，心酸血淚史就不在這裡闡述了，希望這篇部落格能幫到你