nginx location規則優先順序比較
nginx location中可能涉及的匹配規則有
= 精確匹配
^~ 普通字元匹配，區分大小寫
~ 正則匹配，區分大小寫
/xxx/yyy.zzz 最長匹配
/
本文所用的nginx版本是
[root@node1 nginx]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.4.3
實驗機器ip為192.168.151.70，瀏覽器為IE8，不儲存cookies。依次對上面的五個匹配規則兩兩進行對比實驗。
1. = 對比 ^~
location ^~ /images {
rewrite ^/images permanent;
}
location = /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images
--12:05:53-- http://192.168.151.70/images
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:05:53-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690283 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,283 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:05:54 (8.45 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [690283/690283]
=優先順序大於^~
2. = 對比 ~
location ~ /images {
rewrite ^/images permanent;
}
location = /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images
--12:05:53-- http://192.168.151.70/images
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:05:53-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690283 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,283 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:05:54 (8.45 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [690283/690283]
=優先順序大於~
3. = 對比 /xxx/yyy.zzz
location /images/images.jsp {
rewrite ^/images permanent;
}
location = /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果：
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
--12:10:58-- http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:10:58-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690375 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.1'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,375 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:10:58 (8.55 MB/s) - `index.html.1' saved [690375/690375]
=優先順序大於/xxx/yyy.zzz
4. = 對比 /
location / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location = / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70
--12:31:09-- http://192.168.151.70/
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:31:09-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.195, 61.172.201.194
Connecting to |61.172.201.195|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690538 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.6'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,538 1.93M/s in 0.3s
12:31:09 (1.93 MB/s) - `index.html.6' saved [690538/690538]
=優先順序大於 /
5 ^~ 對比 ~
location ~ /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
location ^~ /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images
--12:05:53-- http://192.168.151.70/images
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:05:53-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690283 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,283 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:05:54 (8.45 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [690283/690283]
^~優先順序大於~
6. ^~ 對比 /xxx/yyy.zz
location /images/images.jsp {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location ^~ /images {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
--12:10:58-- http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:10:58-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690375 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.1'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,375 --.-K/s in 0.08s
^~優先順序大於/xxx/yyy.zzz
12:10:58 (8.55 MB/s) - `index.html.1' saved [690375/690375]
7. ~ 對比 /xxx/yyy.zzz
location /images/images.jsp {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location ~ /images {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果：
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
--12:19:17-- http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:19:17-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.195, 61.172.201.194
Connecting to |61.172.201.195|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690441 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.2'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,441 --.-K/s in 0.07s
12:19:17 (9.12 MB/s) - `index.html.2' saved [690441/690441]
~優先順序大於/xxx/yyy.zzz
8. ~ 對比 /
location / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location ~ / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70
--12:26:26-- http://192.168.151.70/
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:26:26-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690516 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.5'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,516 2.23M/s in 0.3s
12:26:27 (2.23 MB/s) - `index.html.5' saved [690516/690516]
~優先順序大於/
9. /xxx/yyy.zzz 對比 /
很明顯，/xxx/yyy.zzz優先順序大於/
總上所述location規則優先順序順序為
= > ^~ > ~ > /xxx/yyy.zzz > /
= 精確匹配
^~ 普通字元匹配，區分大小寫
~ 正則匹配，區分大小寫
/xxx/yyy.zzz 最長匹配
/
本文所用的nginx版本是
[root@node1 nginx]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.4.3
實驗機器ip為192.168.151.70，瀏覽器為IE8，不儲存cookies。依次對上面的五個匹配規則兩兩進行對比實驗。
1. = 對比 ^~
location ^~ /images {
rewrite ^/images permanent;
}
location = /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images
--12:05:53-- http://192.168.151.70/images
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:05:53-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690283 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,283 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:05:54 (8.45 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [690283/690283]
=優先順序大於^~
2. = 對比 ~
location ~ /images {
rewrite ^/images permanent;
}
location = /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images
--12:05:53-- http://192.168.151.70/images
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:05:53-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690283 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,283 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:05:54 (8.45 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [690283/690283]
=優先順序大於~
3. = 對比 /xxx/yyy.zzz
location /images/images.jsp {
rewrite ^/images permanent;
}
location = /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果：
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
--12:10:58-- http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:10:58-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690375 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.1'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,375 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:10:58 (8.55 MB/s) - `index.html.1' saved [690375/690375]
=優先順序大於/xxx/yyy.zzz
4. = 對比 /
location / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location = / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70
--12:31:09-- http://192.168.151.70/
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:31:09-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.195, 61.172.201.194
Connecting to |61.172.201.195|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690538 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.6'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,538 1.93M/s in 0.3s
12:31:09 (1.93 MB/s) - `index.html.6' saved [690538/690538]
=優先順序大於 /
5 ^~ 對比 ~
location ~ /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
location ^~ /images {
rewrite /images permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images
--12:05:53-- http://192.168.151.70/images
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:05:53-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690283 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,283 --.-K/s in 0.08s
12:05:54 (8.45 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [690283/690283]
^~優先順序大於~
6. ^~ 對比 /xxx/yyy.zz
location /images/images.jsp {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location ^~ /images {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
--12:10:58-- http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:10:58-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690375 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.1'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,375 --.-K/s in 0.08s
^~優先順序大於/xxx/yyy.zzz
12:10:58 (8.55 MB/s) - `index.html.1' saved [690375/690375]
7. ~ 對比 /xxx/yyy.zzz
location /images/images.jsp {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location ~ /images {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果：
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
--12:19:17-- http://192.168.151.70/images/images.jsp
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:19:17-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.195, 61.172.201.194
Connecting to |61.172.201.195|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690441 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.2'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,441 --.-K/s in 0.07s
12:19:17 (9.12 MB/s) - `index.html.2' saved [690441/690441]
~優先順序大於/xxx/yyy.zzz
8. ~ 對比 /
location / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
location ~ / {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ permanent;
}
結果
[root@agent3 tmp]# wget http://192.168.151.70
--12:26:26-- http://192.168.151.70/
Connecting to 192.168.151.70:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: [following]
--12:26:26-- /
Resolving 61.172.201.194, 61.172.201.195
Connecting to |61.172.201.194|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 690516 (674K) [text/html]
Saving to: `index.html.5'
100%[========================================================================>] 690,516 2.23M/s in 0.3s
12:26:27 (2.23 MB/s) - `index.html.5' saved [690516/690516]
~優先順序大於/
9. /xxx/yyy.zzz 對比 /
很明顯，/xxx/yyy.zzz優先順序大於/
總上所述location規則優先順序順序為
= > ^~ > ~ > /xxx/yyy.zzz > /
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/27181165/viewspace-777202/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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