MySql的Master/Slave

主庫配置檔案my.ini
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin.log

server-id=2

#啟用從庫日誌，這樣可以進行鏈式複製
log-slave-updates

#從庫是否只讀，0表示可讀寫，1表示只讀
read-only=1

#只複製某個表
replicate-do-table=tablename

#只複製某些表（可用匹配符）
replicate-wild-do-table=tablename%

#只複製某個庫
replicate-do-db=dbname

#只複製某些庫
replicte-wild-do-db=dbname%

#不復制某個表
replicate-ignore-table=tablename

#不復制某些表
replicate-wild-ignore-table=tablename%

#不復制某個庫
replicate-ignore-db=dbname

#複製完的sql語句是否立即從中繼日誌中清除，1表示立即清除
relay-log-purge=1

#從伺服器主機，用於show slave hosts生成從庫清單
report-host=hostname

master：

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'%' identified by 'rep';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000015 |      433 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

salve：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.201',
    -> MASTER_USER='rep',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='rep',
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000015',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=433;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>  show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.201
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 615
               Relay_Log_File: node2-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 433
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 615
              Relay_Log_Space: 588
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

master：

mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

slave：

mysql> show processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User        | Host      | db   | Command | Time | State                                                                 | Info             |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
|  1 | root        | localhost | test | Query   |    0 | NULL                                                                  | show processlist |
|  2 | system user |           | NULL | Connect |  647 | Waiting for master to send event                                      | NULL             |
|  3 | system user |           | NULL | Connect |  240 | Has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it | NULL             |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

master：

mysql> show processlist;
+----+------+-------------+------+-------------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host        | db   | Command     | Time | State                                                          | Info             |
+----+------+-------------+------+-------------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
|  1 | rep  | node2:56986 | NULL | Binlog Dump | 1837 | Has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for binlog to be updated | NULL             |
|  2 | root | localhost   | test | Query       |    0 | NULL                                                           | show processlist |
+----+------+-------------+------+-------------+------+----------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

在從庫的資料目錄下，有幾個和複製相關的檔案需要說明一下：
*-reloay-bin.* 從主庫同步過來的Bin log檔案，也叫中繼日誌
master.info 主庫帳號資訊和同步資訊，這裡記錄了複製使用者名稱和密碼，需要保護好許可權。
relay-log.info 跟蹤執行同步過來的Bin log的執行情況

參考 http://www.ningoo.net/html/2007/mysql_replication_configuration.html