SQL語句收集

CREATE DATABASE database-name

2、說明：刪除資料庫

drop database dbname

3、說明：備份sql server

--- 建立 備份資料的 device

USE master

EXEC sp_addumpdevice ''''disk'''', ''''testBack'''', ''''c:\mssql7backup\MyNwind_1.dat''''

--- 開始 備份

BACKUP DATABASE pubs TO testBack

4、說明：建立新表

create table tabname(col1 type1 [not null] [primary key],col2 type2 [not null],..)

根據已有的表建立新表：

A：create table tab_new like tab_old (使用舊錶建立新表)

B：create table tab_new as select col1,col2… from tab_old definition only

5、說明：刪除新表

drop table tabname

6、說明：增加一個列

Alter table tabname add column col type

注：列增加後將不能刪除。DB2中列加上後資料型別也不能改變，唯一能改變的是增加varchar型別的長度。

7、說明：新增主鍵： Alter table tabname add primary key(col)

說明：刪除主鍵： Alter table tabname drop primary key(col)

8、說明：建立索引：create [unique] index idxname on tabname(col….)

刪除索引：drop index idxname

注：索引是不可更改的，想更改必須刪除重新建。

9、說明：建立檢視：create view viewname as select statement

刪除檢視：drop view viewname

10、說明：幾個簡單的基本的sql語句

選擇：select * from table1 where 範圍

插入：insert into table1(field1,field2) values(value1,value2)

刪除：delete from table1 where 範圍

更新：update table1 set field1=value1 where 範圍

查詢：select * from table1 where field1 like ’%value1%’ ---like的語法很精妙，查資料!

排序：select * from table1 order by field1,field2 [desc]

總數：select count as totalcount from table1

求和：select sum(field1) as sumvalue from table1

平均：select avg(field1) as avgvalue from table1

最大：select max(field1) as maxvalue from table1

最小：select min(field1) as minvalue from table1

11、說明：幾個高階查詢運算詞

A： UNION 運算子

UNION 運算子通過組合其他兩個結果表（例如 TABLE1 和 TABLE2）並消去表中任何重複行而派生出一個結果表。當 ALL 隨 UNION 一起使用時（即 UNION ALL），不消除重複行。兩種情況下，派生表的每一行不是來自 TABLE1 就是來自 TABLE2。

B： EXCEPT 運算子

EXCEPT 運算子通過包括所有在 TABLE1 中但不在 TABLE2 中的行並消除所有重複行而派生出一個結果表。當 ALL 隨 EXCEPT 一起使用時 (EXCEPT ALL)，不消除重複行。

C： INTERSECT 運算子

INTERSECT 運算子通過只包括 TABLE1 和 TABLE2 中都有的行並消除所有重複行而派生出一個結果表。當 ALL 隨 INTERSECT 一起使用時 (INTERSECT ALL)，不消除重複行。

注：使用運算詞的幾個查詢結果行必須是一致的。

12、說明：使用外連線

A、left outer join：

左外連線（左連線）：結果集幾包括連線表的匹配行，也包括左連線表的所有行。

SQL: select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c

B：right outer join:

右外連線(右連線)：結果集既包括連線表的匹配連線行，也包括右連線表的所有行。

C：full outer join：

全外連線：不僅包括符號連線表的匹配行，還包括兩個連線表中的所有記錄。

法一：select * into b from a where 1<>1

法二：select top 0 * into b from a

insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b;

insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b in ‘具體資料庫’ where 條件

例子：..from b in ''''"&Server.MapPath(".")&"\data.mdb" &"'''' where..

select a,b,c from a where a IN (select d from b ) 或者: select a,b,c from a where a IN (1,2,3)

select a.title,a.username,b.adddate from table a,(select max(adddate) adddate from table where table.title=a.title) b

select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c

select * from (SELECT a,b,c FROM a) T where t.a > 1;

select * from table1 where time between time1 and time2

select a,b,c, from table1 where a not between 數值1 and 數值2

select * from table1 where a [not] in (‘值1’,’值2’,’值4’,’值6’)

delete from table1 where not exists ( select * from table2 where table1.field1=table2.field1 )

select * from a left inner join b on a.a=b.b right inner join c on a.a=c.c inner join d on a.a=d.d where .....

SQL: select * from 日程安排 where datediff(''''minute'''',f開始時間,getdate())>5

select top 10 b.* from (select top 20 主鍵欄位,排序欄位 from 表名 order by 排序欄位 desc) a,表名 b where b.主鍵欄位 = a.主鍵欄位 order by a.排序欄位

select top 10 * form. table1 where 範圍

select a,b,c from tablename ta where a=(select max(a) from tablename tb where tb.b=ta.b)

(select a from tableA ) except (select a from tableB) except (select a from tableC)

select top 10 * from tablename order by newid()

select newid()

Delete from tablename where id not in (select max(id) from tablename group by col1,col2,...)

select name from sysobjects where type=''''U''''

select name from syscolumns where id=object_id(''''TableName'''')

select type,sum(case vender when ''''A'''' then pcs else 0 end),sum(case vender when ''''C'''' then pcs else 0 end),sum(case vender when ''''B'''' then pcs else 0 end) FROM tablename group by type

顯示結果：

type vender pcs

電腦 A 1

電腦 A 1

光碟 B 2

光碟 A 2

手機 B 3

手機 C 3

select top 5 * from (select top 15 * from table order by id asc) table_別名 order by id desc

如：

if @strWhere !=''''''''

begin

set @strSQL = ''''select count(*) as Total from ['''' + @tblName + ''''] where '''' + @strWhere

end

else

begin

set @strSQL = ''''select count(*) as Total from ['''' + @tblName + '''']''''

end

set @strSQL = ''''select count(*) as Total from ['''' + @tblName + ''''] where 1=1 安定 ''''+ @strWhere

--重建索引

DBCC REINDEX

DBCC INDEXDEFRAG

--收縮資料和日誌

DBCC SHRINKDB

DBCC SHRINKFILE

dbcc shrinkdatabase(dbname)

exec sp_change_users_login ''''update_one'''',''''newname'''',''''oldname''''

go

RESTORE VERIFYONLY from disk=''''E:\dvbbs.bak''''

ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET SINGLE_USER

GO

DBCC CHECKDB(''''dvbbs'''',repair_allow_data_loss) WITH TABLOCK

GO

ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET MULTI_USER

GO

SET NOCOUNT ON

DECLARE @LogicalFileName sysname,

        @MaxMinutes INT,

        @NewSize INT

SELECT  @LogicalFileName = ''''tablename_log'''',  -- 日誌檔名

@MaxMinutes = 10,               -- Limit on time allowed to wrap log.

        @NewSize = 1                  -- 你想設定的日誌檔案的大小(M)

DECLARE @OriginalSize int

SELECT @OriginalSize = size

  FROM sysfiles

  WHERE name = @LogicalFileName

SELECT ''''Original Size of '''' + db_name() + '''' LOG is '''' +

        CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),@OriginalSize) + '''' 8K pages or '''' +

        CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(@OriginalSize*8/1024)) + ''''MB''''

  FROM sysfiles

  WHERE name = @LogicalFileName

CREATE TABLE DummyTrans

  (DummyColumn char (8000) not null)

        @StartTime DATETIME,

        @TruncLog  VARCHAR(255)

SELECT  @StartTime = GETDATE(),

        @TruncLog = ''''BACKUP LOG '''' + db_name() + '''' WITH TRUNCATE_ONLY''''

EXEC (@TruncLog)

-- Wrap the log if necessary.

WHILE     @MaxMinutes > DATEDIFF (mi, @StartTime, GETDATE()) -- time has not expired

      AND @OriginalSize = (SELECT size FROM sysfiles WHERE name = @LogicalFileName)

      AND (@OriginalSize * 8 /1024) > @NewSize

  BEGIN -- Outer loop.

    SELECT @Counter = 0

    WHILE  ((@Counter < @OriginalSize / 16) AND (@Counter < 50000))

      BEGIN -- update

        INSERT DummyTrans VALUES (''''Fill Log'''')

        DELETE DummyTrans

        SELECT @Counter = @Counter + 1

      END 

    EXEC (@TruncLog)

  END 

SELECT ''''Final Size of '''' + db_name() + '''' LOG is '''' +

        CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),size) + '''' 8K pages or '''' +

        CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(size*8/1024)) + ''''MB''''

  FROM sysfiles

  WHERE name = @LogicalFileName

DROP TABLE DummyTrans

SET NOCOUNT OFF

exec sp_changeobjectowner ''''tablename'''',''''dbo''''

@OldOwner as NVARCHAR(128),

@NewOwner as NVARCHAR(128)

AS

DECLARE @Owner  as NVARCHAR(128)

DECLARE @OwnerName  as NVARCHAR(128)

select ''''Name''''   = name,

  ''''Owner''''   = user_name(uid)

from sysobjects

where user_name(uid)=@OldOwner

order by name

FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner

WHILE(@@FETCH_STATUS=0)

BEGIN   

if @Owner=@OldOwner

begin

  set @OwnerName = @OldOwner + ''''.'''' + rtrim(@Name)

  exec sp_changeobjectowner @OwnerName, @NewOwner

end

-- select @name,@NewOwner,@OldOwner

END

deallocate curObject

GO

declare @i int

set @i=1

while @i<30

begin

   insert into test (userid) values(@i)

   set @i=@i+1

end

Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),-1)

Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),6)

Dateadd(ms,-3,dateadd(mm,datediff(m,0,getdate())+1,0))

Dateadd(ms,-3,DATEADD(yy, DATEDIFF(yy,0,getdate())+1, 0))

Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),-1)

Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),6)

就是表示本週時間段.

下面的SQL的條件部分,就是查詢時間段在本週範圍內的:

Where Time BETWEEN Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),-1) AND Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),6)

而在儲存過程中

select @begintime = Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),-1)

select @endtime = Dateadd(wk,datediff(wk,0,getdate()),6)