Spring Cloud Gateway自定義Token校驗過濾器

十方發表於2019-01-19
SpringCloudGateway過濾器

一切的業務開發都是基於需求的，首先看看需求：

對訪問閘道器的請求進行token校驗，只有當token校驗通過時，才轉發到後端服務，否則直接返回401

本文給出的示例程式碼適用場景：

token存放在redis中, key為使用者的uid

依賴的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.winture</groupId>
    <artifactId>api-gateway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>api-gateway</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

在Spring Cloud Gateway中，主要有兩種型別的過濾器：GlobalFilter 和 GatewayFilter

  • GlobalFilter ： 全域性過濾器，對所有的路由均起作用
  • GatewayFilter ： 只對指定的路由起作用

1、自定義GatewayFilter

自定義GatewayFilter又有兩種實現方式，一種是直接 實現GatewayFilter介面，另一種是 繼承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory類 ,任意選一種即可

1.1 實現GatewayFilter介面

package com.winture.gateway.filter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

/**
 * token校驗過濾器
 * @Version V1.0
 */
public class AuthorizeGatewayFilter implements GatewayFilter, Ordered {

    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        if (token == null) {
            token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        }
        if (uid == null) {
            uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        }

        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid);
        if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

}

首先從header頭資訊中獲取uid和token資訊，如果token或者uid為null，則從請求引數中嘗試再次獲取，如果依然不存在token或者uid，則直接返回401狀態嗎，同時結束請求；如果兩者都存在，則根據uid從redis中讀取儲存的authToken，並和請求中傳輸的token進行比對，比對一樣則繼續通過過濾器鏈，否則直接結束請求，返回401.

如何應用 AuthorizeGatewayFilter 呢?

package com.winture.gateway;

import com.winture.gateway.filter.AuthorizeGatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteLocator;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.builder.RouteLocatorBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

@SpringBootApplication
public class GatewayApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public RouteLocator routeLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
        return builder.routes().route(r ->
                r.path("/user/list")
                .uri("http://localhost:8077/api/user/list")
                .filters(new AuthorizeGatewayFilter())
                .id("user-service"))
            .build();
    }
}

1.2 繼承AbstractGatewayFilterFactory類

package com.winture.gateway.filter.factory;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractGatewayFilterFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

@Component
public class AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.Config> {

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.class);

    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    public AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory() {
        super(Config.class);
        logger.info("Loaded GatewayFilterFactory [Authorize]");
    }

    @Override
    public List<String> shortcutFieldOrder() {
        return Arrays.asList("enabled");
    }

    @Override
    public GatewayFilter apply(AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory.Config config) {
        return (exchange, chain) -> {
            if (!config.isEnabled()) {
                return chain.filter(exchange);
            }

            ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
            HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
            String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
            String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
            if (token == null) {
                token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
            }
            if (uid == null) {
                uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
            }

            ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
            if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) {
                response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
                return response.setComplete();
            }
            String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid);
            if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) {
                response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
                return response.setComplete();
            }
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        };
    }

    public static class Config {
        // 控制是否開啟認證
        private boolean enabled;

        public Config() {}

        public boolean isEnabled() {
            return enabled;
        }

        public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) {
            this.enabled = enabled;
        }
    }
}

如何應用 AuthorizeGatewayFilterFactory 呢？

# 閘道器路由配置
spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      routes:
      - id: user-service
        uri: http://localhost:8077/api/user/list
        predicates:
        - Path=/user/list
        filters:
        # 關鍵在下面一句，值為true則開啟認證，false則不開啟
        # 這種配置方式和spring cloud gateway內建的GatewayFilterFactory一致
        - Authorize=true

上面的兩種方式都可以實現對訪問閘道器的 特定請求 進行token校驗，如果想對 所有的請求 都進行token校驗，那麼可以採用實現 GlobalFilter 方式。

2、自定義GlobalFilter

package com.winture.gateway.filter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

/**
 * token校驗全域性過濾器
 * @Version V1.0
 */
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_TOKEN = "token";
    private static final String AUTHORIZE_UID = "uid";

    @Autowired
    private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
        String token = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        String uid = headers.getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        if (token == null) {
            token = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_TOKEN);
        }
        if (uid == null) {
            uid = request.getQueryParams().getFirst(AUTHORIZE_UID);
        }

        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token) || StringUtils.isEmpty(uid)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }
        String authToken = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(uid);
        if (authToken == null || !authToken.equals(token)) {
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            return response.setComplete();
        }

        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }
}

如何應用 AuthorizeFilter 呢？

只需要新增 @Component 註解，不需要進行任何額外的配置，實現GlobalFilter介面，自動會對所有的路由起作用

3、總結

由於剛接觸Spring Cloud Gateway，有些地方也不是特別熟悉，上面的示例程式碼僅僅作為參考，如果有錯誤的地方，還望指正。

備註：

  • 執行上面的程式碼，需要先啟動redis服務，由於沒有配置redis的地址和埠，預設採用localhost和6379埠，如果不一致，請自行在application.yml檔案中配置即可；
  • 閘道器的埠採用預設的8080；
  • 當通過閘道器訪問/user/list時，如果token驗證通過，會轉發到 http://localhost:8077/api/user/list 上，這是另外的一個介面服務，自行根據實際情況修改；

參考學習：

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