RMAN備份恢復1
RMAN冷備指令碼與crontab計劃任務

冷備（一致性備份，需要關庫。非歸檔模式只能冷備）

SYS@PROD>select version from v$instance;

VERSION
-----------------
11.2.0.3.0

【建立目錄】
建立rman冷備目錄
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold

建立備份指令碼目錄
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/scripts

【配置rman】

[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu May 5 12:52:56 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: PROD (DBID=321736713)

RMAN> show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PROD are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_PROD.f'; # default

配置備份冗餘度2
RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

開啟備份最佳化
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

開啟控制檔案自動備份
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP on;

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

RMAN>

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PROD are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_PROD.f'; # default

RMAN>

【執行rman冷備測試】連續執行3次驗證刪除過時備份命令

run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
crosscheck backup;
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
allocate channel c2 device type disk;
backup database format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_%d_%T_%U.bak';
backup current controlfile format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_%d_%T_%U.bak';
alter database open;
report obsolete device type disk;
delete noprompt obsolete device type disk;
delete noprompt expired backup device type disk;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}

RMAN> run{
2> shutdown immediate;
3> startup mount;
4> crosscheck backup;
5> allocate channel c1 device type disk;
6> allocate channel c2 device type disk;
7> backup database format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_%d_%T_%U.bak';
8> backup current controlfile format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_%d_%T_%U.bak';
9> alter database open;
10> report obsolete device type disk;
11> delete noprompt obsolete device type disk;
12> delete noprompt expired backup device type disk;
13> release channel c1;
14> release channel c2;
15> }

database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes

Fixed Size 2229944 bytes
Variable Size 373295432 bytes
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes
Redo Buffers 3805184 bytes

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
specification does not match any backup in the repository

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=18 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=19 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140017 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140017 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:37
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0nr4r38m_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140054 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-05 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16

database opened

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
no obsolete backups found

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
no obsolete backups found

specification does not match any backup in the repository

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

RMAN>

[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$ ls -lh
total 1.1G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9.4M May 5 14:00 control_PROD_20160505_0nr4r38m_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:00 db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 424M May 5 14:00 db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$

【第二次執行】

RMAN> run{
2> shutdown immediate;
3> startup mount;
4> crosscheck backup;
5> allocate channel c1 device type disk;
6> allocate channel c2 device type disk;
7> backup database format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_%d_%T_%U.bak';
8> backup current controlfile format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_%d_%T_%U.bak';
9> alter database open;
10> report obsolete device type disk;
11> delete noprompt obsolete device type disk;
12> delete noprompt expired backup device type disk;
13> release channel c1;
14> release channel c2;
15> }

database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes

Fixed Size 2229944 bytes
Variable Size 373295432 bytes
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes
Redo Buffers 3805184 bytes

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak RECID=21 STAMP=911052018
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak RECID=22 STAMP=911052018
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0nr4r38m_1_1.bak RECID=23 STAMP=911052055
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-05 RECID=24 STAMP=911052056
Crosschecked 4 objects

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=18 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=19 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140205 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140205 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0rr4r3c1_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140241 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-06 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16

database opened

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 23 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 23 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0nr4r38m_1_1.bak

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 23 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 23 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0nr4r38m_1_1.bak
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0nr4r38m_1_1.bak RECID=23 STAMP=911052055
Deleted 1 objects

specification does not match any backup in the repository

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

RMAN>

[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$ ls -lh
total 2.2G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9.4M May 5 14:02 control_PROD_20160505_0rr4r3c1_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:00 db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 424M May 5 14:00 db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:02 db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 424M May 5 14:02 db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$

【第三次執行】

RMAN> run{
2> shutdown immediate;
3> startup mount;
4> crosscheck backup;
5> allocate channel c1 device type disk;
6> allocate channel c2 device type disk;
7> backup database format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_%d_%T_%U.bak';
8> backup current controlfile format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_%d_%T_%U.bak';
9> alter database open;
10> report obsolete device type disk;
11> delete noprompt obsolete device type disk;
12> delete noprompt expired backup device type disk;
13> release channel c1;
14> release channel c2;
15> }

database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes

Fixed Size 2229944 bytes
Variable Size 373295432 bytes
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes
Redo Buffers 3805184 bytes

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak RECID=21 STAMP=911052018
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak RECID=22 STAMP=911052018
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-05 RECID=24 STAMP=911052056
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak RECID=25 STAMP=911052125
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak RECID=26 STAMP=911052126
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0rr4r3c1_1_1.bak RECID=27 STAMP=911052162
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-06 RECID=28 STAMP=911052163
Crosschecked 7 objects

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=18 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=19 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0tr4r3gf_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140502 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0ur4r3gf_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140502 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0vr4r3hi_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T140538 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-07 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16

database opened

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 21 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 21 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak
Backup Set 22 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 22 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak
Backup Set 24 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 24 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-05
Backup Set 27 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 27 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0rr4r3c1_1_1.bak

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 21 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 21 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak
Backup Set 22 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 22 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak
Backup Set 24 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 24 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-05
Backup Set 27 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 27 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0rr4r3c1_1_1.bak
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0mr4r37h_1_1.bak RECID=21 STAMP=911052018
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0lr4r37i_1_1.bak RECID=22 STAMP=911052018
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-05 RECID=24 STAMP=911052056
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0rr4r3c1_1_1.bak RECID=27 STAMP=911052162
Deleted 4 objects

specification does not match any backup in the repository

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

RMAN>

[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$ ls -lh
total 2.2G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9.4M May 5 14:05 control_PROD_20160505_0vr4r3hi_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:02 db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 424M May 5 14:02 db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:05 db_PROD_20160505_0tr4r3gf_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 425M May 5 14:05 db_PROD_20160505_0ur4r3gf_1_1.bak
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$

【編寫rman備份指令碼】

[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh

[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh
#!/bin/sh

export PATH=/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/practice/scripts:/home/oracle/bin
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=PROD
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

rman target / nocatalog msglog=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/PROD_fullrman_`/bin/date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`.log <<EOF

run{
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
crosscheck backup;
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
allocate channel c2 device type disk;
backup database format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_%d_%T_%U.bak';
backup current controlfile format '/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_%d_%T_%U.bak';
alter database open;
report obsolete device type disk;
delete noprompt obsolete device type disk;
delete noprompt expired backup device type disk;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
quit;
EOF
exit

[oracle@rhel64 ~]$

[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ chmod a+x /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ ls -l /u01/app/oracle/scripts/
total 4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 903 May 5 14:16 PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh

手動執行指令碼測試
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh
RMAN> RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9> 10> 11> 12> 13> 14> 15> RMAN> RMAN> [oracle@rhel64 ~]$
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$

檢視生成備份檔案及日誌
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$ ls -lh
total 2.2G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9.4M May 5 14:18 control_PROD_20160505_13r4r494_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:05 db_PROD_20160505_0tr4r3gf_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 425M May 5 14:05 db_PROD_20160505_0ur4r3gf_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 14:18 db_PROD_20160505_11r4r482_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 426M May 5 14:17 db_PROD_20160505_12r4r481_1_1.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6.4K May 5 14:18 PROD_fullrman_20160505-141720.log
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$

檢視備份日誌
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$ more PROD_fullrman_20160505-141720.log

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu May 5 14:17:20 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: PROD (DBID=321736713)
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN>
RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9> 10> 11> 12> 13> 14> 15>
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes

Fixed Size 2229944 bytes
Variable Size 373295432 bytes
Database Buffers 142606336 bytes
Redo Buffers 3805184 bytes

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak RECID=25 STAMP=911052125
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak RECID=26 STAMP=911052126
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-06 RECID=28 STAMP=911052163
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0ur4r3gf_1_1.bak RECID=29 STAMP=911052303
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0tr4r3gf_1_1.bak RECID=30 STAMP=911052303
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0vr4r3hi_1_1.bak RECID=31 STAMP=911052339
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'AVAILABLE'
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-07 RECID=32 STAMP=911052340
Crosschecked 7 objects

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=18 device type=DISK

allocated channel: c2
channel c2: SID=19 device type=DISK

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/example01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c2: starting full datafile backup set
channel c2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/users01.dbf
channel c2: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_11r4r482_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T141737 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel c2: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_12r4r481_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T141737 comment=NONE
channel c2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting backup at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_13r4r494_1_1.bak tag=TAG20160505T141812 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 05-MAY-16

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-08 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 05-MAY-16

database opened

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Report of obsolete backups and copies
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 25 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 25 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak
Backup Set 26 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 26 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak
Backup Set 28 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 28 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-06
Backup Set 31 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 31 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0vr4r3hi_1_1.bak

RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Deleting the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type Key Completion Time Filename/Handle
-------------------- ------ ------------------ --------------------
Backup Set 25 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 25 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak
Backup Set 26 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 26 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak
Backup Set 28 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 28 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-06
Backup Set 31 05-MAY-16
Backup Piece 31 05-MAY-16 /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0vr4r3hi_1_1.bak
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0qr4r3at_1_1.bak RECID=25 STAMP=911052125
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/db_PROD_20160505_0pr4r3au_1_1.bak RECID=26 STAMP=911052126
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/c-321736713-20160505-06 RECID=28 STAMP=911052163
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/control_PROD_20160505_0vr4r3hi_1_1.bak RECID=31 STAMP=911052339
Deleted 4 objects

specification does not match any backup in the repository

released channel: c1

released channel: c2

RMAN>
RMAN>

Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$

【手動執行計劃任務命令測試】
/u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh >> /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_fullrman_`/bin/date +\%Y\%m\%d-\%H\%M\%S`.log 2>&1

編輯計劃任務【測試環境每10分鐘備份一次】
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ crontab -e
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ crontab -l
0,10,20,30,40,50 * * * * /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh >> /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_fullrman_`/bin/date +\%Y\%m\%d-\%H\%M\%S`.log 2>&1

約半小時左右觀察備份情況、rman備份日誌
均正常，則修改計劃任務
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$ ls -lh
total 2.2G
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9.7M May 5 17:10 control_PROD_20160505_2vr4recg_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 17:00 db_PROD_20160505_2pr4rdou_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 429M May 5 17:00 db_PROD_20160505_2qr4rdou_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 678M May 5 17:10 db_PROD_20160505_2tr4rebn_1_1.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 429M May 5 17:10 db_PROD_20160505_2ur4rebn_1_1.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6.4K May 5 17:00 PROD_fullrman_20160505-170001.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6.4K May 5 17:10 PROD_fullrman_20160505-171001.log
[oracle@rhel64 rman_cold]$

【生產環境，每天凌晨2點備份一次】
【編輯計劃任務】
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ crontab -e
[oracle@rhel64 ~]$ crontab -l
0 2 * * * /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_rman_fullbackup.sh >> /u01/app/oracle/scripts/PROD_fullrman_`/bin/date +\%Y\%m\%d-\%H\%M\%S`.log 2>&1

日常巡檢:檢視rman備份情況
1.檢視生成的備份日誌 cat /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold/xxx.log
2.檢視生成的備份檔案 ls -lh /u01/app/oracle/backup/rman_cold
3.監控檔案系統空間使用 df -Th

呂星昊
2016.5.5

【RMAN】RMAN備份恢復1 RMAN冷備指令碼與crontab計劃任務

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