Linux下掛載USB盤

其實Linux環境下掛載USB裝置並不算複雜。

首先透過fdisk –l檢查USB裝置是否已經被系統識別：

[root@bjtest ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 1197.7 GB, 1197759004672 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 145619 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        5235    41945715   83  Linux
/dev/sda3            5236       10457    41945715   83  Linux
/dev/sda4           10458      145619  1085688765    5  Extended
/dev/sda5           10458       13068    20972826   83  Linux
/dev/sda6           13069       14112     8385898+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda7           14113      145619  1056329946   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 60.0 GB, 60022480896 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7297 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               2        3825    30716280    f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sdb2   *        3826        7297    27888840    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/sdb5               2        3825    30716248+   b  W95 FAT32

可以看到/dev/sdb就是USB盤，而且這個U盤花費了多個區，嘗試透過MOUNT命令掛載U盤，對於fat16、fat32和ntfs在Linux系統中可以統一使用vfat來指定：

[root@bjtest ~]# mkdir /mnt/usb1 /mnt/usb2
[root@bjtest ~]# mount -t vfat /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usb1
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1,
       missing codepage or other error
       (aren't you trying to mount an extended partition,
       instead of some logical partition inside?)
       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail  or so

[root@bjtest ~]# mount -t vfat /dev/sdb2 /mnt/usb1
[root@bjtest ~]# mount -t vfat /dev/sdb5 /mnt/usb2
[root@bjtest ~]# df -k
Filesystem           1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2             40631988  17589084  20945620  46% /
/dev/sda1               101086     15958     79909  17% /boot
/dev/sda7            1023246840 783797928 186632416  81% /data
tmpfs                  8209472   3989672   4219800  49% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3             40631988  13570856  24963848  36% /home
/dev/sda5             20315812    176352  19090820   1% /tmp
/dev/sdb2             27875200  19757344   8117856  71% /mnt/usb1
/dev/sdb5             30701232       176  30701056   1% /mnt/usb2

其中/dev/sdb1無法掛載，不過可以看到，/dev/sdb2和/dev/sdb5掛載後，兩個檔案系統總和就是60G，說明USB盤已經掛載成功。

解除安裝USB裝置就更容易了，只需要執行umount /mnt/usb1和umount /mnt/usb2就可以了：

[root@bjtest /]# umount /mnt/usb1
[root@bjtest /]# umount /mnt/usb2