單例項恢復RAC資料庫步驟（一）
簡單描述在測試伺服器的單機環境恢復RAC產品資料庫的步驟。
這一篇介紹資料庫準備過程。
首先複製RMAN備份檔案：
登入RAC資料庫伺服器，利用rman獲取最新的備份資訊：
$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 17 10:28:16 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1264586523)
RMAN> list backup of database;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
144 Full 1.46G DISK 00:00:15 15-JAN-11
BP Key: 144 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20110115T044017
Piece Name: /rman/backup/orcl/4um2565i_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 144
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/undotbs2.264.736805825
10 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_comm.274.736807163
15 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_hhpacs.279.736807169
16 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_hisaccount.280.736807171
19 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_inpadm.283.736807173
21 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_insurance.285.736807257
24 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_material.288.736807297
25 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_medadm.289.736807297
34 Full 912068321 15-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_temp.298.736807465
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
145 Full 3.77G DISK 00:00:30 15-JAN-11
.
.
.
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
171 Full 772.09M DISK 00:00:10 17-JAN-11
BP Key: 171 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20110117T044028
Piece Name: /rman/backup/orcl/5pm2aets_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 171
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
4 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/undotbs2.264.736805825
10 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_comm.274.736807163
15 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_hhpacs.279.736807169
16 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_hisaccount.280.736807171
19 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_inpadm.283.736807173
21 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_insurance.285.736807257
24 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_material.288.736807297
25 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_medadm.289.736807297
34 Full 913655386 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_temp.298.736807465
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
172 Full 3.11G DISK 00:00:30 17-JAN-11
BP Key: 172 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20110117T044028
Piece Name: /rman/backup/orcl/5qm2aets_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 172
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/system.260.736805807
2 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.261.736805813
6 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_acct.270.736807161
9 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_card.273.736807163
11 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_econstat.275.736807165
13 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_evaluate.277.736807165
14 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_exam.278.736807165
17 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_infect.281.736807171
35 Full 913655392 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/user_data.299.736807479
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
173 Full 24.77G DISK 00:03:50 17-JAN-11
BP Key: 173 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20110117T044028
Piece Name: /rman/backup/orcl/5sm2aev4_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 173
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
3 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/sysaux.262.736805823
7 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_back.271.736807161
8 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_bldbank.272.736807163
12 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_equipment.276.736807165
20 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_inpbill.284.736807175
22 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_interface.286.736807259
23 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_lab.287.736807261
27 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_medrec.291.736807299
30 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_outpbill.294.736807413
32 Full 913655435 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_phyexam.296.736807465
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
174 Full 27.63G DISK 00:04:17 17-JAN-11
BP Key: 174 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20110117T044028
Piece Name: /rman/backup/orcl/5rm2aeub_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 174
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
5 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/users.265.736805835
18 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_info.282.736807173
26 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_medicom.290.736807299
28 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_ordadm.292.736807303
29 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_outpadm.293.736807375
31 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_pharmacy.295.736807437
33 Full 913655419 17-JAN-11 +DATADG/orcl/datafile/tsp_surgery.297.736807465
複製最新的備份檔案到目標伺服器，包括資料檔案備份、歸檔備份和控制檔案的自動備份。
$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 17 13:21:13 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1264586523)
RMAN> run
2> { copy archivelog '+FRADG/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2011_01_17/thread_1_seq_870.306.740657241' to '/rman/backup/orcl/archive_1_870.log';
3> copy archivelog '+FRADG/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2011_01_17/thread_2_seq_13943.264.740651773' to '/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13943.log';
4> copy archivelog '+FRADG/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2011_01_17/thread_2_seq_13944.299.740654879' to '/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13944.log';
5> copy archivelog '+FRADG/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2011_01_17/thread_2_seq_13945.302.740657213' to '/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13945.log';
6> copy archivelog '+FRADG/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2011_01_17/thread_2_seq_13946.278.740660145' to '/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13946.log';
7> copy archivelog '+FRADG/ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2011_01_17/thread_2_seq_13947.280.740660179' to '/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13947.log';
8> }
Starting backup at 17-JAN-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=1327 instance=orcl2 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive copy
input archive log thread=1 sequence=870 recid=141 stamp=740657240
output filename=/rman/backup/orcl/archive_1_870.log recid=145 stamp=740668924
channel ORA_DISK_1: archivelog copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 17-JAN-11
Starting backup at 17-JAN-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive copy
input archive log thread=2 sequence=13943 recid=139 stamp=740651778
output filename=/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13943.log recid=146 stamp=740669098
channel ORA_DISK_1: archivelog copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 17-JAN-11
.
.
.
Starting backup at 17-JAN-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive copy
input archive log thread=2 sequence=13947 recid=144 stamp=740660184
output filename=/rman/backup/orcl/archive_2_13947.log recid=150 stamp=740669114
channel ORA_DISK_1: archivelog copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 17-JAN-11
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 17-JAN-11
piece handle=/rman/backup/orcl/c-1264586523-20110117-04 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 17-JAN-11
利用rman將ASM中的歸檔日誌複製到目的路徑中，然後ftp到目標伺服器。
首先利用rman恢復SPFILE:
$ env |grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/db
$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 17 11:07:59 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: DUMMY (not mounted)
RMAN> set dbid 1264586523
executing command: SET DBID
RMAN> startup nomount
connected to target database (not started)
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/oracle/db/dbs/initorcl.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes
Fixed Size 2066400 bytes
Variable Size 67110944 bytes
Database Buffers 83886080 bytes
Redo Buffers 6320128 bytes
RMAN> restore spfile to '/home/oracle/spfileorcl.ora' from '/data/backup/orcl/c-1264586523-20110117-02';
Starting restore at 17-JAN-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /data/backup/orcl/c-1264586523-20110117-02
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete
Finished restore at 17-JAN-11
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 17 11:11:48 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/initorcl.ora' from spfile='/home/oracle/spfileorcl.ora';
File created.
修改pfile引數如下：
*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/db/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/oracle/db/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.cluster_database_instances=2
*.cluster_database=false
*.compatible='10.2.0.5.0'
*.control_files='/data/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/oracle/db/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest=''
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.db_recovery_file_dest=''
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/data/oradata/orcl/archivelog'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=1024m
*.processes=1500
*.remote_listener=''
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sessions=1655
*.sga_max_size=4096m
*.sga_target=4096m
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_retention=10800
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/oracle/db/admin/orcl/udump'
SQL> shutdown
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount pfile=/home/oracle/initorcl.ora
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 4294967296 bytes
Fixed Size 2073472 bytes
Variable Size 805309568 bytes
Database Buffers 3472883712 bytes
Redo Buffers 14700544 bytes
恢復控制檔案，載入備份集資訊：
$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 17 11:31:40 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: orcl (not mounted)
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/data/backup/orcl/c-1264586523-20110117-02';
Starting restore at 17-JAN-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=1641 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06
output filename=/data/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
Finished restore at 17-JAN-11
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/5pm2aets_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/5pm2aets_1_1 recid=182 stamp=740662644
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/5qm2aets_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/5qm2aets_1_1 recid=183 stamp=740662723
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/5sm2aev4_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/5sm2aev4_1_1 recid=184 stamp=740662726
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/5rm2aeub_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/5rm2aeub_1_1 recid=185 stamp=740662730
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/5tm2af71_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/5tm2af71_1_1 recid=186 stamp=740662733
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/5um2af72_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/5um2af72_1_1 recid=187 stamp=740662736
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/60m2an40_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/60m2an40_1_1 recid=188 stamp=740662739
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data/backup/orcl/61m2an40_1_1';
cataloged backuppiece
backup piece handle=/data/backup/orcl/61m2an40_1_1 recid=189 stamp=740662742
至此資料庫恢復的準備工作完成，下面可以進行資料庫的還原和恢復操作。
來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/4227/viewspace-687978/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。
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