【ASH】如何匯出檢視DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY的查詢結果資料

【ASH】如何匯出檢視DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY的查詢結果資料

1.1 BLOG文件結構圖

1.2 前言部分

1.2.1 導讀和注意事項

各位技術愛好者，看完本文後，你可以掌握如下的技能，也可以學到一些其它你所不知道的知識，~O(∩_∩)O~：

① 如何匯出ASH資料--利用exp匯出基表的資料（重點）

② 12c的expdp引數VIEWS_AS_TABLES選項

③ expdp工具不能匯出哪些物件？

Tips：
① 本文在itpub（http://blog.itpub.net/26736162）、部落格園(http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest)和微信公眾號（xiaomaimiaolhr）上有同步更新。

② 文章中用到的所有程式碼、相關軟體、相關資料及本文的pdf版本都請前往小麥苗的雲盤下載，小麥苗的雲盤地址見：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/。

③ 若網頁文章程式碼格式有錯亂，請下載pdf格式的文件來閱讀。

④ 在本篇BLOG中，程式碼輸出部分一般放在一行一列的表格中。

本文若有錯誤或不完善的地方請大家多多指正，您的批評指正是我寫作的最大動力。

1.2.2 相關文章連結

12c的dmp檔案匯入11g中參考：【故障處理】IMP-00010錯誤 12C的dmp檔案匯入11G，地址為：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2128197/

1.2.3 本文簡介

眾所周知，檢視只是一個查詢資料的視窗，其不儲存資料，所以在使用exp等工具匯出的時候只能匯出其定義，而不能匯出檢視的查詢結果資料。在Oracle 12c中，可以採用expdp中的一個新增引數VIEWS_AS_TABLES來將檢視作為表來匯出，非常實用，不過對於一些特殊的表仍然不能採用expdp匯出，例如SYS和SYSTEM下的一些表，AUD$表不能使用expdp來匯出。

另外，對於一些安全類很高的系統是不允許隨意建立表，也不允許使用PLSQL Developer等客戶端的工具，那麼若是查詢DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY等檢視的時候就非常不方便了，這個時候我們可以將該檢視的內容匯出來，然後匯入到我們自己的測試庫中就可以隨意的進行分析了。那麼，如何來匯出這些資料的內容呢？本文將詳細介紹這些內容。

1.3 如何匯出ash資料？

根據前邊的分析，我們知道檢視的查詢結果資料不能直接匯出，那麼我們可以匯出這個檢視的基表資料：

SELECT D.NAME, D.TYPE, D.REFERENCED_NAME, D.REFERENCED_TYPE

FROM DBA_DEPENDENCIES D

WHERE D.NAME IN ('DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY',

'DBA_HIST_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME',

'DBA_HIST_PLAN_OPTION_NAME',

'DBA_HIST_SQLCOMMAND_NAME',

'DBA_HIST_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME')

AND D.TYPE = 'VIEW'

ORDER BY D.NAME, D.REFERENCED_NAME;

主要涉及的表是圖中方框裡的去掉X$表後的7個表，其中最主要的還是WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY表，該表是一個分割槽表，匯出的時候可以按照時間進行匯出。其它表都是很小的表，可以全量匯出。

下面嘗試使用exp和expdp來匯出。

1.3.1 expdp匯出sys使用者下的表報錯ORA-39165 和ORA-39166

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ more /tmp/expdp_ash_lhr_01.par

query=SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY:"WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')"

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ expdp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR tables='SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY','SYS.WRM$_SNAPSHOT','SYS.WRH$_EVENT_NAME','SYS.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','SYS.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' dumpfile=expdp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/expdp_ash_lhr_01.par EXCLUDE=STATISTICS VERSION=11.2.0.1 REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Dec 16 16:49:52 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_03": "/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR tables=SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY,SYS.WRM$_SNAPSHOT,SYS.WRH$_EVENT_NAME,SYS.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME,SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME,SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME,SYS.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME dumpfile=expdp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/expdp_ash_lhr_01.par EXCLUDE=STATISTICS VERSION=11.2.0.1 REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 0 KB

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY was not found.

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRM$_SNAPSHOT was not found.

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_EVENT_NAME was not found.

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME was not found.

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME was not found.

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME was not found.

ORA-39166: Object SYS.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME was not found.

ORA-31655: no data or metadata objects selected for job

Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_03" completed with 8 error(s) at 16:49:53

查詢MOS：

DataPump Export (EXPDP) Fails With Error ORA-39165: Schema SYS Was Not Found (文件 ID 553402.1)

該文章給出瞭如下答案：

1. There is a restriction on dataPump export. It cannot export schemas like SYS, ORDSYS, EXFSYS, MDSYS, DMSYS, CTXSYS, ORDPLUGINS, LBACSYS, XDB, SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA, DIP, DBSNMP and WMSYS in any mode.

2. The Utilities Guide indicates the restriction only on full export mode, but the restriction actually applies to all modes.

而：MOS：Why Can an Object Not Be Exported? Expdp of SYSTEM User's Table Returns ORA-39166 or ORA-31655 (文件 ID 2114233.1)列出來了哪些物件不能匯出：

Objects (tables, views, schemas, etc) which fall under either of below conditions are not exported with expdp because they are regarded as system maintained objects.

Object is listed in ku_noexp_view.

This view is a union of ku_noexp_tab and noexp$ tables.

Objects that are listed in this view are not exported.

Object is ORACLE_MAINTAINED='Y' in ALL_OBJECTS (and DBA_OBJECTS).----針對12c

在檢視sys.Ku_Noexp_View中或DBA_OBJECTS的ORACLE_MAINTAINED列為Y的物件不能匯出。

SELECT * FROM sys.Ku_Noexp_View d WHERE d.name LIKE '%WRH%' ;

SELECT * FROM DBA_OBJECTS d WHERE d.ORACLE_MAINTAINED='Y' AND D.object_name LIKE 'WR%';

解決該報錯的方法是：

1. 使用exp 匯出

2.ctas的方法在不受限制的schema下建立表，然後匯出該新建的表

3. use the DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT package of Audit Vault to manage and purge audit data (see Note 731908.1). This allows for the facility to move the AUD$ table out of the SYSTEM tablespace, which can negate the need to export the table.

注意：This issue also applies to other SYS owned auditing tables such as FGA_LOG$

1.3.2 採用exp匯出ASH資料

1.3.2.1 方法1：ctas建表匯出，有的客戶不讓建表

CREATE TABLE ASH_TEMP_20161219 NOLOGGING AS

SELECT *

FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY D

WHERE D.SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN

TO_DATE('2016-12-01 02:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND

TO_DATE('2016-12-17 06:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

;

exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219 file=/tmp/exp_ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.log buffer=41943040

imp lhr/lhr tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219 file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp log=/tmp/imp_ASH_TEMP_20161117.log buffer=41943040

實驗過程：

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Dec 19 09:51:09 2016

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@lhrdb> CREATE TABLE ASH_TEMP_20161219 NOLOGGING AS

2 SELECT *

3 FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY D

4 WHERE D.SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN

5 TO_DATE('2016-12-01 02:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND

6 TO_DATE('2016-12-17 06:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

7 ;

Table created.

SYS@lhrdb> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219 file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.log buffer=41943040

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 09:51:44 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table ASH_TEMP_20161219 102 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ imp lhr/lhr tables=ASH_TEMP_20161219 file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161219.dmp log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.log buffer=41943040

Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 09:52:20 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by SYS, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing SYS's objects into LHR

. . importing table "ASH_TEMP_20161219" 102 rows imported

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

1.3.2.2 方法2：匯出基表的資料

匯出基表資料：

---more /tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par

query="WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')"

exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N STATISTICS=NONE

exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N STATISTICS=NONE

匯入到測試使用者：

imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_01.log FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR

imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_02.log FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRM$_SNAPSHOT PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_EVENT_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME PURGE;

實驗：

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ more /tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par

query="WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')"

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N STATISTICS=NONE

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:25:05 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

Note: grants on tables/views/sequences/roles will not be exported

Note: constraints on tables will not be exported

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY

. . exporting partition WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_0 55 rows exported

. . exporting partition WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_35 0 rows exported

. . exporting partition WRH$_ACTIVE_SES_MXDB_MXSN 0 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N STATISTICS=NONE

Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:25:12 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

Note: grants on tables/views/sequences/roles will not be exported

Note: constraints on tables will not be exported

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...

. . exporting table WRM$_SNAPSHOT 23 rows exported

. . exporting table WRH$_EVENT_NAME 1152 rows exported

. . exporting table WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME 165 rows exported

. . exporting table WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME 130 rows exported

. . exporting table WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME 165 rows exported

. . exporting table WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME 151 rows exported

Export terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_01.log FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR

Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:28:37 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by SYS, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing SYS's objects into LHR

. . importing partition "WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY":"WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_0" 55 rows imported

. . importing partition "WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY":"WRH$_ACTIVE_971836524_35" 0 rows imported

. . importing partition "WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY":"WRH$_ACTIVE_SES_MXDB_MXSN" 0 rows imported

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

[oracle@orcltest ~]$ imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_02.log FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR

Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Dec 19 10:27:26 2016

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by SYS, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing SYS's objects into LHR

. . importing table "WRM$_SNAPSHOT" 23 rows imported

. . importing table "WRH$_EVENT_NAME" 1152 rows imported

. . importing table "WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME" 165 rows imported

. . importing table "WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME" 130 rows imported

. . importing table "WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME" 165 rows imported

. . importing table "WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME" 151 rows imported

Import terminated successfully without warnings.

[oracle@orcltest ~]$

接下來就是根據這些基表來建立自己的檢視了，不再詳述。

1.3.3 12c expdp VIEWS_AS_TABLES選項

expdp VIEWS_AS_TABLES選項可以將檢視看做表並將其資料匯出。

expdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=expdp_vw.log VIEWS_AS_TABLES=lhr.my_view

表資料準備：

create table lhr.my_tab1 (nr number, txt varchar2(10));

insert into lhr.my_tab1 values (1,'Line 1');

insert into lhr.my_tab1 values (2,'Line 2');

create table lhr.my_tab2 (nr number, col2 number, col3 varchar2(10));

insert into lhr.my_tab2 values (1,1,'c3_1');

insert into lhr.my_tab2 values (2,2,'c3_2');

commit;

create view lhr.my_view (nr, txt, col3) as

select t1.nr, t1.txt, t2.col3

from lhr.my_tab1 t1, lhr.my_tab2 t2

where t1.nr=t2.nr;

開始匯出：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>expdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=expdp_vw.log VIEWS_AS_TABLES=lhr.my_view

Export: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:31:49 2016

連線到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

啟動 "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": system/******** DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=expdp_vw.log VIEWS_AS_TABLES=lhr.my_view

正在使用 BLOCKS 方法進行估計...

處理物件型別 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA

使用 BLOCKS 方法的總估計: 16 KB

處理物件型別 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE

. . 匯出了 "LHR"."MY_VIEW" 5.929 KB 2 行

已成功載入/解除安裝了主表 "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01"

******************************************************************************

SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 的轉儲檔案集為:

E:\APP\ORACLE\ADMIN\LHRDB12C\DPDUMP\EXPDP_VW.DMP

作業 "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" 已於星期五 12月 16 16:32:36 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:31 成功完成

檢視其DDL語句：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>impdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log sqlfile=a.txt

Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:35:14 2016

連線到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

已成功載入/解除安裝了主表 "SYSTEM"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01"

啟動 "SYSTEM"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01": system/******** DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log sqlfile=a.txt

處理物件型別 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE

作業 "SYSTEM"."SYS_SQL_FILE_FULL_01" 已於星期五 12月 16 16:35:26 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:10 成功完成

DDL語句內容：

-- CONNECT SYSTEM

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10150 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10904 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10407 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10851 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1';

ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '22830 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 192 ';

-- new object type path: TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE

CREATE TABLE "LHR"."MY_VIEW"

("NR" NUMBER,

"TXT" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),

"COL3" VARCHAR2(10 BYTE)

) SEGMENT CREATION DEFERRED

PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255

NOCOMPRESS LOGGING

TABLESPACE "USERS" ;

進行匯入：

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:37:03 2016

連線到:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create user lhr01 identified by lhr;

使用者已建立。

SQL> grant dba to lhr01;

授權成功。

SQL> exit

從 Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options 斷開

C:\Users\xiaomaimiao>impdp system/lhr DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log remap_schema=lhr:lhr01

Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 星期五 12月 16 16:39:49 2016

連線到: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

已成功載入/解除安裝了主表 "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02"

啟動 "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02": system/******** DIRECTORY=data_pump_dir DUMPFILE=expdp_vw.dmp LOGFILE=impdp_vw.log remap_schema=lhr:lhr01

處理物件型別 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE

處理物件型別 TABLE_EXPORT/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA

. . 匯入了 "LHR01"."MY_VIEW" 5.929 KB 2 行

作業 "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" 已於星期五 12月 16 16:39:57 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:06 成功完成

1.4 小結

--- 方法1：ctas建表匯出有的客戶不讓建表

CREATE TABLE ASH_TEMP_20161117 NOLOGGING AS

SELECT *

FROM DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY D

WHERE D.SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN

TO_DATE('2016-11-10 02:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND

TO_DATE('2016-11-17 06:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')

;

exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables=ASH_TEMP_20161117 file=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.dmp log=/tmp/ASH_TEMP_20161117.log buffer=41943040

--- 方法2：匯出基表的資料

採用exp匯出ASH資料的命令：

---more /tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par

query="WHERE SAMPLE_TIME BETWEEN TO_DATE('2016-12-02 08:30:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') AND TO_DATE('2016-12-08 23:38:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')"

exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp parfile=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.par log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N STATISTICS=NONE

exp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp log=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.log GRANTS=N CONSTRAINTS=N STATISTICS=NONE

imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_01.dmp tables='WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_01.log FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR

imp lhr/lhr file=/tmp/exp_ash_lhr_02.dmp tables='WRM$_SNAPSHOT','WRH$_EVENT_NAME','WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME','WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME','WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME' log=/tmp/imp_ash_lhr_02.log FROMUSER=SYS TOUSER=LHR

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRM$_SNAPSHOT PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_EVENT_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME PURGE;

DROP TABLE LHR.WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME PURGE;

建立自己的ASH檢視：

---- 11.2.0.3

create or replace view dh_ash_11g_lhr

(snap_id, dbid, instance_number, sample_id, sample_time, session_id, session_serial#, session_type, flags, user_id, sql_id, is_sqlid_current, sql_child_number, sql_opcode, sql_opname, force_matching_signature, top_level_sql_id, top_level_sql_opcode, sql_plan_hash_value, sql_plan_line_id, sql_plan_operation, sql_plan_options, sql_exec_id, sql_exec_start, plsql_entry_object_id, plsql_entry_subprogram_id, plsql_object_id, plsql_subprogram_id, qc_instance_id, qc_session_id, qc_session_serial#, px_flags, event, event_id, seq#, p1text, p1, p2text, p2, p3text, p3, wait_class, wait_class_id, wait_time, session_state, time_waited, blocking_session_status, blocking_session, blocking_session_serial#, blocking_inst_id, blocking_hangchain_info, current_obj#, current_file#, current_block#, current_row#, top_level_call#, top_level_call_name, consumer_group_id, xid, remote_instance#, time_model, in_connection_mgmt, in_parse, in_hard_parse, in_sql_execution, in_plsql_execution, in_plsql_rpc, in_plsql_compilation, in_java_execution, in_bind, in_cursor_close, in_sequence_load, capture_overhead, replay_overhead, is_captured, is_replayed, service_hash, program, module, action, client_id, machine, port, ecid, dbreplay_file_id, dbreplay_call_counter, tm_delta_time, tm_delta_cpu_time, tm_delta_db_time, delta_time, delta_read_io_requests, delta_write_io_requests, delta_read_io_bytes, delta_write_io_bytes, delta_interconnect_io_bytes, pga_allocated, temp_space_allocated)

as

select /* ASH/AWR meta attributes */

ash.snap_id, ash.dbid, ash.instance_number,

ash.sample_id, ash.sample_time,

/* Session/User attributes */

ash.session_id, ash.session_serial#,

decode(ash.session_type, 1,'FOREGROUND', 'BACKGROUND'),

ash.flags,

ash.user_id,

/* SQL attributes */

ash.sql_id,

decode(bitand(ash.flags, power(2, 4)), NULL, 'N', 0, 'N', 'Y'),

ash.sql_child_number, ash.sql_opcode,

(select command_name from WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME

where command_type = ash.sql_opcode

and dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_opname,

ash.force_matching_signature,

decode(ash.top_level_sql_id, NULL, ash.sql_id, ash.top_level_sql_id),

decode(ash.top_level_sql_id, NULL, ash.sql_opcode,

ash.top_level_sql_opcode),

/* SQL Plan/Execution attributes */

ash.sql_plan_hash_value,

decode(ash.sql_plan_line_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.sql_plan_line_id),

(select operation_name from WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME

where operation_id = ash.sql_plan_operation#

and dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_plan_operation,

(select option_name from WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME

where option_id = ash.sql_plan_options#

and dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_plan_options,

decode(ash.sql_exec_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.sql_exec_id),

ash.sql_exec_start,

/* PL/SQL attributes */

decode(ash.plsql_entry_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_entry_object_id),

decode(ash.plsql_entry_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_entry_subprogram_id),

decode(ash.plsql_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_object_id),

decode(ash.plsql_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_subprogram_id),

/* PQ attributes */

decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_instance_id),

decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_session_id),

decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_session_serial#),

decode(ash.px_flags, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.px_flags),

/* Wait event attributes */

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.event_name, NULL),

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.event_id, NULL),

ash.seq#,

evt.parameter1, ash.p1,

evt.parameter2, ash.p2,

evt.parameter3, ash.p3,

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.wait_class, NULL),

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.wait_class_id, NULL),

ash.wait_time,

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, 'WAITING', 'ON CPU'),

ash.time_waited,

(case when ash.blocking_session = 4294967295

then 'UNKNOWN'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967294

then 'GLOBAL'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967293

then 'UNKNOWN'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967292

then 'NO HOLDER'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967291

then 'NOT IN WAIT'

else 'VALID'

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then to_number(NULL)

else ash.blocking_session

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then to_number(NULL)

else ash.blocking_session_serial#

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then to_number(NULL)

else ash.blocking_inst_id

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then NULL

else decode(bitand(ash.flags, power(2, 3)), NULL, 'N',

0, 'N', 'Y')

end),

/* Session's working context */

ash.current_obj#, ash.current_file#, ash.current_block#,

ash.current_row#, ash.top_level_call#,

(select top_level_call_name from WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME

where top_level_call# = ash.top_level_call#

and dbid = ash.dbid) as top_level_call_name,

decode(ash.consumer_group_id, 0, to_number(NULL),

ash.consumer_group_id),

ash.xid,

decode(ash.remote_instance#, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.remote_instance#),

ash.time_model,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 3)),0,'N','Y')

as in_connection_mgmt,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 4)),0,'N','Y')as in_parse,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 7)),0,'N','Y')as in_hard_parse,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,10)),0,'N','Y')as in_sql_execution,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,11)),0,'N','Y')

as in_plsql_execution,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,12)),0,'N','Y')as in_plsql_rpc,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,13)),0,'N','Y')

as in_plsql_compilation,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,14)),0,'N','Y')

as in_java_execution,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,15)),0,'N','Y')as in_bind,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,16)),0,'N','Y')as in_cursor_close,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,17)),0,'N','Y')as in_sequence_load,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,5)),NULL,'N',0,'N','Y')

as capture_overhead,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,6)), NULL,'N',0,'N','Y' )

as replay_overhead,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,0)),NULL,'N',0,'N','Y') as is_captured,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,2)), NULL,'N',0,'N','Y' )as is_replayed,

/* Application attributes */

ash.service_hash, ash.program,

ash.module module,

ash.action action,

ash.client_id,

ash.machine, ash.port, ash.ecid,

/* DB Replay info */

ash.dbreplay_file_id, ash.dbreplay_call_counter,

/* stash columns */

ash.tm_delta_time,

ash.tm_delta_cpu_time,

ash.tm_delta_db_time,

ash.delta_time,

ash.delta_read_io_requests,

ash.delta_write_io_requests,

ash.delta_read_io_bytes,

ash.delta_write_io_bytes,

ash.delta_interconnect_io_bytes,

ash.pga_allocated,

ash.temp_space_allocated

from WRM$_SNAPSHOT sn, WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY ash, WRH$_EVENT_NAME evt

where ash.snap_id = sn.snap_id(+)

and ash.dbid = sn.dbid(+)

and ash.instance_number = sn.instance_number(+)

and ash.dbid = evt.dbid

and ash.event_id = evt.event_id;

---------- 12c

create or replace view dh_ash_12c_lhr

(snap_id, dbid, instance_number, sample_id, sample_time, session_id, session_serial#, session_type, flags, user_id, sql_id, is_sqlid_current, sql_child_number, sql_opcode, sql_opname, force_matching_signature, top_level_sql_id, top_level_sql_opcode, sql_plan_hash_value, sql_full_plan_hash_value, sql_adaptive_plan_resolved, sql_plan_line_id, sql_plan_operation, sql_plan_options, sql_exec_id, sql_exec_start, plsql_entry_object_id, plsql_entry_subprogram_id, plsql_object_id, plsql_subprogram_id, qc_instance_id, qc_session_id, qc_session_serial#, px_flags, event, event_id, seq#, p1text, p1, p2text, p2, p3text, p3, wait_class, wait_class_id, wait_time, session_state, time_waited, blocking_session_status, blocking_session, blocking_session_serial#, blocking_inst_id, blocking_hangchain_info, current_obj#, current_file#, current_block#, current_row#, top_level_call#, top_level_call_name, consumer_group_id, xid, remote_instance#, time_model, in_connection_mgmt, in_parse, in_hard_parse, in_sql_execution, in_plsql_execution, in_plsql_rpc, in_plsql_compilation, in_java_execution, in_bind, in_cursor_close, in_sequence_load, in_inmemory_query, in_inmemory_populate, in_inmemory_prepopulate, in_inmemory_repopulate, in_inmemory_trepopulate, capture_overhead, replay_overhead, is_captured, is_replayed, service_hash, program, module, action, client_id, machine, port, ecid, dbreplay_file_id, dbreplay_call_counter, tm_delta_time, tm_delta_cpu_time, tm_delta_db_time, delta_time, delta_read_io_requests, delta_write_io_requests, delta_read_io_bytes, delta_write_io_bytes, delta_interconnect_io_bytes, pga_allocated, temp_space_allocated, dbop_name, dbop_exec_id, con_dbid/*, con_id*/)

as

select /* ASH/AWR meta attributes */

ash.snap_id, ash.dbid, ash.instance_number,

ash.sample_id, ash.sample_time,

/* Session/User attributes */

ash.session_id, ash.session_serial#,

decode(ash.session_type, 1,'FOREGROUND', 'BACKGROUND'),

ash.flags,

ash.user_id,

/* SQL attributes */

ash.sql_id,

decode(bitand(ash.flags, power(2, 4)), NULL, 'N', 0, 'N', 'Y'),

ash.sql_child_number, ash.sql_opcode,

(select command_name

from WRH$_SQLCOMMAND_NAME s

where s.command_type = ash.sql_opcode

and s.dbid = ash.dbid

and s.con_dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_opname,

ash.force_matching_signature,

decode(ash.top_level_sql_id, NULL, ash.sql_id, ash.top_level_sql_id),

decode(ash.top_level_sql_id, NULL, ash.sql_opcode,

ash.top_level_sql_opcode),

/* SQL Plan/Execution attributes */

ash.sql_plan_hash_value,

ash.sql_full_plan_hash_value,

ash.sql_adaptive_plan_resolved,

decode(ash.sql_plan_line_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.sql_plan_line_id),

(select operation_name

from WRH$_PLAN_OPERATION_NAME pn

where pn.operation_id = ash.sql_plan_operation#

and pn.dbid = ash.dbid

and pn.con_dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_plan_operation,

(select option_name

from WRH$_PLAN_OPTION_NAME po

where po.option_id = ash.sql_plan_options#

and po.dbid = ash.dbid

and po.con_dbid = ash.dbid) as sql_plan_options,

decode(ash.sql_exec_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.sql_exec_id),

ash.sql_exec_start,

/* PL/SQL attributes */

decode(ash.plsql_entry_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_entry_object_id),

decode(ash.plsql_entry_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_entry_subprogram_id),

decode(ash.plsql_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_object_id),

decode(ash.plsql_object_id,0,to_number(NULL),

ash.plsql_subprogram_id),

/* PQ attributes */

decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_instance_id),

decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_session_id),

decode(ash.qc_session_id, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.qc_session_serial#),

decode(ash.px_flags, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.px_flags),

/* Wait event attributes */

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.event_name, NULL),

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.event_id, NULL),

ash.seq#,

evt.parameter1, ash.p1,

evt.parameter2, ash.p2,

evt.parameter3, ash.p3,

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.wait_class, NULL),

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, evt.wait_class_id, NULL),

ash.wait_time,

decode(ash.wait_time, 0, 'WAITING', 'ON CPU'),

ash.time_waited,

(case when ash.blocking_session = 4294967295

then 'UNKNOWN'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967294

then 'GLOBAL'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967293

then 'UNKNOWN'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967292

then 'NO HOLDER'

when ash.blocking_session = 4294967291

then 'NOT IN WAIT'

else 'VALID'

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then to_number(NULL)

else ash.blocking_session

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then to_number(NULL)

else ash.blocking_session_serial#

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then to_number(NULL)

else ash.blocking_inst_id

end),

(case when ash.blocking_session between 4294967291 and 4294967295

then NULL

else decode(bitand(ash.flags, power(2, 3)), NULL, 'N',

0, 'N', 'Y')

end),

/* Session's working context */

ash.current_obj#, ash.current_file#, ash.current_block#,

ash.current_row#, ash.top_level_call#,

(select top_level_call_name

from WRH$_TOPLEVELCALL_NAME t

where top_level_call# = ash.top_level_call#

and t.dbid = ash.dbid

and t.con_dbid = ash.dbid) as top_level_call_name,

decode(ash.consumer_group_id, 0, to_number(NULL),

ash.consumer_group_id),

ash.xid,

decode(ash.remote_instance#, 0, to_number(NULL), ash.remote_instance#),

ash.time_model,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 3)),0,'N','Y')

as in_connection_mgmt,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 4)),0,'N','Y')as in_parse,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2, 7)),0,'N','Y')as in_hard_parse,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,10)),0,'N','Y')as in_sql_execution,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,11)),0,'N','Y')

as in_plsql_execution,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,12)),0,'N','Y')as in_plsql_rpc,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,13)),0,'N','Y')

as in_plsql_compilation,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,14)),0,'N','Y')

as in_java_execution,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,15)),0,'N','Y')as in_bind,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,16)),0,'N','Y')as in_cursor_close,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,17)),0,'N','Y')as in_sequence_load,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,18)),0,'N','Y')as in_inmemory_query,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,19)),0,'N','Y')

as in_inmemory_populate,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,20)),0,'N','Y')

as in_inmemory_prepopulate,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,21)),0,'N','Y')

as in_inmemory_repopulate,

decode(bitand(ash.time_model,power(2,22)),0,'N','Y')

as in_inmemory_trepopulate,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,5)),NULL,'N',0,'N','Y')

as capture_overhead,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,6)), NULL,'N',0,'N','Y' )

as replay_overhead,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,0)),NULL,'N',0,'N','Y') as is_captured,

decode(bitand(ash.flags,power(2,2)), NULL,'N',0,'N','Y' )as is_replayed,

/* Application attributes */

ash.service_hash, ash.program,

ash.module module,

ash.action action,

ash.client_id,

ash.machine, ash.port, ash.ecid,

/* DB Replay info */

ash.dbreplay_file_id, ash.dbreplay_call_counter,

/* stash columns */

ash.tm_delta_time,

ash.tm_delta_cpu_time,

ash.tm_delta_db_time,

ash.delta_time,

ash.delta_read_io_requests,

ash.delta_write_io_requests,

ash.delta_read_io_bytes,

ash.delta_write_io_bytes,

ash.delta_interconnect_io_bytes,

ash.pga_allocated,

ash.temp_space_allocated,

ash.dbop_name,

ash.dbop_exec_id,

decode(ash.con_dbid, 0, ash.dbid, ash.con_dbid)/*,

con_dbid_to_id(decode(ash.con_dbid, 0, ash.dbid, ash.con_dbid)) con_id*/

from WRM$_SNAPSHOT sn, WRH$_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY ash, WRH$_EVENT_NAME evt

where ash.snap_id = sn.snap_id(+)

and ash.dbid = sn.dbid(+)

and ash.instance_number = sn.instance_number(+)

and ash.dbid = evt.dbid

and ash.event_id = evt.event_id;

About Me

...............................................................................................................................

● 本文作者：小麥苗，只專注於資料庫的技術，更注重技術的運用

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【ASH】如何匯出檢視DBA_HIST_ACTIVE_SESS_HISTORY的查詢結果資料

來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ，連結：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2130980/，如需轉載，請註明出處，否則將追究法律責任。