瀏覽一下5.5官檔上關於replication 的章節：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/replication-howto.html

總結了一下關於AB複製的步驟：

(1)設定主伺服器的my.cnf 開啟二進位制日誌記錄設定serverid

[mysqld]

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id=1

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

sync_binlog=1

(2) 設定從伺服器的serverid

[mysqld]

server-id=2

(3)設定複製帳戶，並授權

create user 'gabriel'@'%.richinfo.cn' identified by 'gabriel0814';

grant replication slave on *.* to 'gabriel'@'%.richinfo.cn ';

(4) 鎖定資料庫狀態，讀取主伺服器二進位制日誌的狀態

flush tables with read lock;

show master status；

(5)使用mysqldump 建立資料庫快照, 釋放鎖

mysqldump --all-database --lock-all-tables > dbdump.db

unlock tables;

(6)在從伺服器上準備複製：

stop slave;

mysql < fulldb.dump

change master to

master_host='applinux002.richinfo.cn',

master_user='gabriel',

master_password='gabriel0814',

master_log_file='',

master_log_pos= ;

start slave;

以上步驟在自己的虛擬機器上測試是透過的，在複製搭建完畢後，由於許可權的問題，去掉萬用字元% 改為實際的主機名， AB複製成功。

在生產線上具體實施步驟如下：

(1) 更改master資料庫 my.cnf引數：

[root@applinux002 data]# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /etc/mysql/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]

datadir = /md3200i/data1/mysql/data

port = 8808

socket = /etc/mysql/mysqld.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 384M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 512

sort_buffer_size = 2M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size = 32M

thread_concurrency = 24

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id = 1

innodb_data_home_dir = /md3200i/data1/mysql/data

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /md3200i/data1/mysql/data

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M

innodb_log_file_size = 512M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 256M

sort_buffer_size = 256M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

(2) 更改slave資料庫my.cnf 引數：

[root@applinux003 mysql]# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /etc/mysql/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]

port = 8808

socket = /etc/mysql/mysqld.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 384M

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 512

sort_buffer_size = 2M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_size = 32M

thread_concurrency = 8

server-id = 2

innodb_data_home_dir = /md3200i/data1/mysql/data

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2000M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend

innodb_log_group_home_dir = /md3200i/data1/mysql/data

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M

innodb_log_file_size = 512M

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 256M

sort_buffer_size = 256M

read_buffer = 2M

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

(3) 建立複製使用者，並授權由於在測試環境中運用萬用字元%發生了錯誤，在生產環境

中直接對真實主機名進行授權。

mysql> create user 'replica'@'applinux003.richinfo.cn' identified by 'replica';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replica'@'applinux003.richinfo.cn';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant super on *.* to 'replica'@'applinux00linux003.richinfo.cn';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user 'replica'@'applinux002.richinfo.cn' identified by 'replica';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replica'@'applinux002.richinfo.cn';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant super on *.* to 'replica'@'applinux00linux002.richinfo.cn';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

(4) 鎖定資料庫狀態，讀取主伺服器二進位制日誌的狀態

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000025 | 1213 | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(5)使用mysqldump 建立資料庫快照, 釋放鎖

mysql> quit

Bye

[root@applinux002 data]# mysqldump -u root -p --all-database --lock-all-tables > dbdump.db

Enter password:

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

(6)在從伺服器上恢復資料：

[root@applinux003 data]# service mysql status

MySQL running (25059) [ OK ]

[root@applinux003 data]# pwd

/md3200i/data1/mysql/data

[root@applinux003 data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p123456 password 'T4GRUkwMtqIpVzgXA3o6'

[root@applinux003 data]# mysql -u root –p < dbdump.db

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 5

………….

(7) 用replica 使用者做互連測試：

Slave 庫上

[root@applinux003 data]# mysql -h applinux002.richinfo.cn -ureplica -preplica -P8808

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 134

Server version: 5.5.15-log Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

(8) slave 配置

mysql> stop slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to

-> master_host='applinux002.richinfo.cn',

-> master_user='replica',

-> master_password='replica',

-> master_port=8808,

-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000025',

-> master_log_pos=589 ;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

--在配置過程中此處多了一個空格導致無法找到 log-bin 的索引檔案，因此一定要仔細，認真…….

mysql> start slave;

mysql> use itao;

Database changed

mysql> select * from test;

+------+

| id |

+------+

| 1 |

| 2 |

| 810 |

+------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: applinux002.richinfo.cn

Master_User: replica

Master_Port: 8808

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1403

Relay_Log_File: applinux003-relay-bin.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 443

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1403

Relay_Log_Space: 605

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

---整個複製過程搭建完畢，

(9) 進行mysql AB 複製測試

Master：

mysql> use itao;

Database changed

mysql> insert into test(id) values (100);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into test(id) values (200);

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

Slave ：

mysql> use itao;

Database changed

mysql> select * from test;

+------+

| id |

+------+

| 1 |

| 2 |

| 810 |

| 100 |

+------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test;

+------+

| id |

+------+

| 1 |

| 2 |

| 810 |

| 100 |

| 200 |

+------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

保持同步，真正實現了讀寫分離， master 庫上可以進行讀寫操作，slave 庫上用於讀操作，可以用於報表，備份，減少了master的壓力。

redhat 5.5 配置 mysql AB複製

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