20180614刪除bootstrap$記錄無法啟動3補充

lfree發表於2018-06-15

[20180614][20180614]刪除bootstrap$記錄無法啟動3(補充).txt

--//昨天測試刪除bootstrap$記錄,導致資料庫重啟出現問題的修復方法:
--//連結:
http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2156144/=>[20180612]刪除bootstrap$記錄無法啟動.txt
http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2156149/=>[20180614]刪除bootstrap$記錄無法啟動2.txt

--//有網友問的問題,就是使用bbed修復記錄後,修改flag從0x3c=>0x2c後,如果執行verify會報錯.
--//從我個人認為如果select正常,這些問題可以忽略.真要修復實際對於不經常使用bbed的使用者還是難度的.
--//實際上這個問題可以參考連結:
http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2137082/=>[20170412]bbed恢復修改記錄(不等長).txt.
--//我喜歡透過例子講解問題:

1.環境:
SCOTT@book> @ ver1
PORT_STRING                    VERSION        BANNER
------------------------------ -------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx            11.2.0.4.0     Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

SCOTT@book> create table t as select * from dept ;
Table created.

SCOTT@book> select rowid,t.* from t ;
ROWID                  DEPTNO DNAME          LOC
------------------ ---------- -------------- -------------
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAA         10 ACCOUNTING     NEW YORK
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAB         20 RESEARCH       DALLAS
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAC         30 SALES          CHICAGO
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAD         40 OPERATIONS     BOSTON

SCOTT@book> @ &r/rowid AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAA
    OBJECT       FILE      BLOCK        ROW ROWID_DBA            DBA                  TEXT
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- -------------------- ----------------------------------------
     90376          4        547          0  0x1000223           4,547                alter system dump datafile 4 block 547 ;

SCOTT@book> delete from t where deptno in (10,30);
2 rows deleted.

SCOTT@book> commit ;
Commit complete.

SCOTT@book> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.

2.使用bbed修復:
BBED> set dba 4,547
        DBA             0x01000223 (16777763 4,547)

BBED> set count 10
        COUNT           10

--//注意在使用find前設定count不要太大,否則查詢字元0x3c可能跳過.
--//補充一點: 0x3c對應asicc碼是'<',0x2c對應asicc碼是','.
BBED> map
File: /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 547                                   Dba:0x01000223
------------------------------------------------------------
KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)
struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0
struct ktbbh, 96 bytes                     @20
struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @124
struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @138
sb2 kdbr[4]                                @142
ub1 freespace[7946]                        @150
ub1 rowdata[92]                            @8096
ub4 tailchk                                @8188

BBED> set offset 8096
        OFFSET          8096

BBED> find  /x 0x3c curr
File: /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 547               Offsets: 8120 to 8129  Dba:0x01000223
----------------------------------------------------------------
3c020302 c11f0553 414c
<64 bytes per line>

BBED> x /rncc offset 8120
rowdata[24]                                 @8120
-----------
flag@8120: 0x3c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFD, KDRHFH)
lock@8121: 0x02
cols@8122:    0

BBED> find
File: /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 547               Offsets: 8162 to 8171   Dba:0x01000223
-----------------------------------------------------------------
3c020302 c10b0a41 4343
<64 bytes per line>

--//可以發現刪除記錄偏移在8120,8162.執行如下:

assign dba 4,547 offset 8120 = 0x2c
assign dba 4,547 offset 8162 = 0x2c

--//檢查記錄情況.
BBED> x /4rncc *kdbr[3]
rowdata[0]                                  @8096
----------
flag@8096: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8097: 0x00
cols@8098:    3

col    0[2] @8099: 40
col   1[10] @8102: OPERATIONS
col    2[6] @8113: BOSTON

rowdata[24]                                 @8120
-----------
flag@8120: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8121: 0x02
cols@8122:    3

col    0[2] @8123: 30
col    1[5] @8126: SALES
col    2[7] @8132: CHICAGO

rowdata[44]                                 @8140
-----------
flag@8140: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8141: 0x00
cols@8142:    3

col    0[2] @8143: 20
col    1[8] @8146: RESEARCH
col    2[6] @8155: DALLAS

rowdata[66]                                 @8162
-----------
flag@8162: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@8163: 0x02
cols@8164:    3

col    0[2] @8165: 10
col   1[10] @8168: ACCOUNTING
col    2[8] @8179: NEW YORK

--//檢查:
BBED> sum apply dba 4,547
Check value for File 4, Block 547:
current = 0xdc32, required = 0xdc32

BBED> verify dba 4,547
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 547

Block Checking: DBA = 16777763, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7ff1765ed27c
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=118 fsc=42 avsp=7946 dtl=8064
Block 547 failed with check code 6110
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

--//可以發現verify報錯,實際上fsc儲存了刪除記錄時儲存的長度.
SCOTT@book> select sum(length(dname)+length(deptno)+length(loc)) n10 from dept where deptno in (10,30);
                  N10
---------------------
                   34

--//加上刪除時每個記錄前的長度指示器佔1個位元組(3個欄位),3個位元組.以及cols欄位佔1個位元組(注意計算不包括flag,lock的長度)
--//34+4*2  = 42.也就是fsc記錄刪除記錄時回收的長度.

3.檢查:
SCOTT@book> alter system flush buffer_cache;
System altered.

SCOTT@book> select rowid,t.* from t ;
ROWID                  DEPTNO DNAME          LOC
------------------ ---------- -------------- -------------
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAA         10 ACCOUNTING     NEW YORK
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAB         20 RESEARCH       DALLAS
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAC         30 SALES          CHICAGO
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAD         40 OPERATIONS     BOSTON

--//可以發現即使verify錯誤,問題不大,顯示已經正常.不必計較這個問題.
--//如果在該塊以後有事務發生,itl槽被覆蓋.可以執行多次.
select * from t where rownum=1 for update;
commit ;
alter system flush buffer_cache;

--//錯誤變成如下:
BBED> verify dba 4,547
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 547

Block Checking: DBA = 16777763, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x21d8e7c
kdbchk: the amount of space used is not equal to block size
        used=118 fsc=0 avsp=7988 dtl=8064
Block 547 failed with check code 6110

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

--//當然顯示沒有任何問題:
SCOTT@book> select rowid,t.* from t ;
ROWID                  DEPTNO DNAME          LOC
------------------ ---------- -------------- -------------
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAA         10 ACCOUNTING     NEW YORK
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAB         20 RESEARCH       DALLAS
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAC         30 SALES          CHICAGO
AAAWEIAAEAAAAIjAAD         40 OPERATIONS     BOSTON

--//如果真要修復,其實是很繁瑣的.
--//參考http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2137082/=>[20170412]bbed恢復修改記錄(不等長).txt.
--//公式: dtl-used+fsc=avsp.
--//8064-118+0 = 7946,修改avsp=7946就ok了.

BBED> p dba 4,547 kdbh
struct kdbh, 14 bytes                       @124
   ub1 kdbhflag                             @124      0x00 (NONE)
   sb1 kdbhntab                             @125      1
   sb2 kdbhnrow                             @126      4
   sb2 kdbhfrre                             @128     -1
   sb2 kdbhfsbo                             @130      26
   sb2 kdbhfseo                             @132      7972
   sb2 kdbhavsp                             @134      7988
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  
   sb2 kdbhtosp                             @136      7992

BBED> assign dba 4,547 kdbh.kdbhavsp=7946
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
sb2 kdbhavsp                                @134      7946

BBED> sum apply dba 4,547
Check value for File 4, Block 547:
current = 0x6371, required = 0x6371

BBED> verify dba 4,547
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 547

Block Checking: DBA = 16777763, Block Type = KTB-managed data block
data header at 0x7f60bb6a527c
kdbchk: space available on commit is incorrect
        tosp=7992 fsc=0 stb=0 avsp=7946
Block 547 failed with check code 6111

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Blocks Examined         : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty            : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0
Total Blocks Influx           : 0
Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

--//avsp+fsc+stb=tops,7946+0+0=7975,fsc=0.要修改kdbh.kdbhtosp=kdbh.kdbhavsp。

BBED> assign dba 4,547 kdbh.kdbhtosp= dba 4,547 kdbh.kdbhavsp
sb2 kdbhtosp                                @136      7946

BBED> p dba 4,547 kdbh
struct kdbh, 14 bytes                       @124
   ub1 kdbhflag                             @124      0x00 (NONE)
   sb1 kdbhntab                             @125      1
   sb2 kdbhnrow                             @126      4
   sb2 kdbhfrre                             @128     -1
   sb2 kdbhfsbo                             @130      26
   sb2 kdbhfseo                             @132      7972
   sb2 kdbhavsp                             @134      7946
   sb2 kdbhtosp                             @136      7946

BBED> sum apply dba 4,547
Check value for File 4, Block 547:
current = 0x6343, required = 0x6343

BBED> verify dba 4,547
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 547

--//總之,剩下的修復很煩,自己不經常做也會搞暈.而且在修改前一定要做好備份,特別是生產系統!!
--//實際上就是2步:(在itl槽覆蓋後,不覆蓋要修改itl槽的對於資訊設定fsc=0)
1.dtl-used+fsc=avsp.
  used=118 fsc=0 avsp=7988 dtl=8064
  8064-118+0 = 7946
  assign dba 4,547 kdbh.kdbhavsp=7946
2.assign dba 4,547 kdbh.kdbhtosp= dba 4,547 kdbh.kdbhavsp

來自 “ ITPUB部落格 ” ,連結:http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2156206/,如需轉載,請註明出處,否則將追究法律責任。

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