原始碼安裝apache（附遇到的問題及解決）

April發表於2018-07-12
原始碼Apache

版本說明

  • CentOS版本：
    CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
  • 安裝包版本：
    httpd-2.4.29.tar.gz
    apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
    apr-util-1.6.1
    pcre-8.41.tar.gz

安裝過程

路徑說明

安裝包一般放在：/usr/local/src
安裝路徑一般為：/usr/local

安裝(用root使用者)

  • 安裝必要應用
    # yum install -y gcc gcc-c++
    # yum install -y expat-devel //錯誤1
    # yum install -y pcre-devel //錯誤2
    # yum install -y openssl-devel //錯誤3
    # yum install -y libxml2-devel //錯誤4
  • apr安裝
    # tar zvxf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz
    # cd apr-1.6.3
    # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr/
    # make
    # make install

  • apr-util安裝
    # tar zvxf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
    # cd apr-util-1.6.1
    # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr-util/ –with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
    # make
    # make install

  • pcre安裝
    # tar zvxf pcre-8.41.tar.gz
    # cd pcre-8.41
    # ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pcre/
    # make
    # make install
  • apache安裝

    # ./configure
    –prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4
    –sbindir=/usr/local/apache2.4/sbin
    –with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
    –with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util
    –with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/
    –enable-ssl
    –with-ssl=shared
    –enable-proxy=shared
    –enable-so
    –enable-mods-shared=all
    # make
    # make install

啟動及檢視

  • 複製命令到service級別
    # cp /usr/local/apache2.4/sbin/httpd /etc/rc.d/init.d
  • 啟動
    # service httpd -k start
  • 停止
    # service httpd -k stop
  • 重啟
    # service httpd -k restart

  • 檢視狀態
    # service httpd -T

    • 通過80埠狀態檢視
      # sudo netstat -antp|grep 80
    • 通過程式檢視
      # ps -ef|grep httpd

    • 訪問檢視是否啟動成功
      訪問：http://ip:80
      出現It works! 恭喜你就成功啦。

開通https訪問

  • 生成證書

    # cd /usr/local/apache2.4/conf
# openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -out server.crt -keyout server.key

  • 編輯httpd.conf，開啟以下注釋

    Include conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf 
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
LoadModule socache_shmcb_module modules/mod_socache_shmcb.so
  • 重啟apache

  • 檢視&訪問

    • 檢視443埠：# sudo netstat -antp|grep 443
    • 訪問：https://ip:443 , 如果出現It works! 恭喜你就成功啦。

實現與tomcat整合

  • 編輯httpd.conf，開啟以下注釋

     LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
 LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so

  • 通過443埠跳轉

    • 編輯/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf(在443虛擬機器中加入跳轉的tomcat)

      <VirtualHost *:443>
<Location /apache_tomcat_test>
ProxyPass ajp://127.0.0.1:#tomcat的ajp埠#/apache_tomcat_test
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
    • 重啟apache
    • 訪問： https://ip:443/apache_tomcat_test

  • 通過80埠跳轉（用https，關閉http訪問）

    • 編輯/conf/extra/httpd-ssl.conf(在80虛擬機器中加入跳轉的tomcat)

      <VirtualHost *:80>
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.crt" 
SSLCertificateKeyFile "/usr/local/apache2/conf/server.key" 

<Location /apache_tomcat_test>
  ProxyPass ajp://127.0.0.1:#tomcat的ajp埠#/apache_tomcat_test
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
    • 重啟apache
    • 訪問： https://ip:80/apache_tomcat_test

安裝中的錯誤及解決

錯誤1

  • apr-util-1.6.1編譯時的錯誤

    make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1`
    /bin/sh /usr/local/apr//build-1/libtool –silent –mode=compile gcc -g -O2 -pthread -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1/include -I/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1/include/private -I/usr/local/apr//include/apr-1 -o xml/apr_xml.lo -c xml/apr_xml.c && touch xml/apr_xml.lo
    xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: error: expat.h: No such file or directory
    xml/apr_xml.c:66: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘XML_Parser’
    xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘cleanup_parser’:
    xml/apr_xml.c:364: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:365: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c: トップレベル:
    xml/apr_xml.c:384: error: expected ‘;’, ‘,’ or ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
    xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘apr_xml_parser_create’:
    xml/apr_xml.c:401: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:402: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:410: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:411: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:412: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: ‘default_handler’ undeclared (first use in this function)
    xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
    xml/apr_xml.c:424: error: for each function it appears in.)
    xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘do_parse’:
    xml/apr_xml.c:434: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:438: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c:442: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
    xml/apr_xml.c:442: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp’
    xml/apr_xml.c: In function ‘apr_xml_parser_geterror’:
    xml/apr_xml.c:500: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
    xml/apr_xml.c:500: error: ‘apr_xml_parser’ has no member named ‘xp_err’
    make[1]: * [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/apr-util-1.6.1`
    make: * [all-recursive] Error 1

  • 原因：缺少expat庫，估計是apr-util-1.6不提供了，apr-util-1.5就沒這個錯誤
  • 解決：# yum install -y expat-devel

錯誤2

  • apache ./configure時的錯誤
    checking for pcre-config… false
  • 原因：缺少pcre庫
  • 解決：# yum -y install pcre-devel

錯誤3

  • apache ./configure時的錯誤
    checking for OpenSSL version >= 0.9.8a… FAILED
    configure: WARNING: OpenSSL version is too old
  • 原因：OpenSSL版本舊
  • 解決：# yum install -y openssl-devel

錯誤4

  • apache make時出錯
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserCreate`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_GetErrorCode`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetUserData`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ErrorString`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetEntityDeclHandler`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserFree`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetElementHandler`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_StopParser`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_Parse`
    /usr/local/apr-util//lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetCharacterDataHandler`
    collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
    make[2]: * [htpasswd] Error 1
    make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/httpd-2.4.29/support`
    make[1]: * [all-recursive] Error 1
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/httpd-2.4.29/support`
    make: * [all-recursive] Error 1
  • 原因：缺少了xml相關的庫，導致reference無效
  • 解決：# yum install -y libxml2-devel
  • 注意：安裝libxml2-devel後，需要刪掉apr-util，重新安裝

其他說明

apache依賴包可以降低到1.5。就不會出上述錯誤了。

apr-1.5.2
apr-util-1.5.2
pcre-8.41

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