筆記：後端 - Redis

阿賀呀發表於2018-09-17
筆記後端Redis

Redis學習

最近在向node後臺開發看齊，所以瞭解了一些關於redis的知識，這裡作為筆記

  • 安裝redis

    使用home-brew

    brew install redis

成功的提示資訊

To have launchd start redis at login: 
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/redis/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents 
Then to load redis now: 
launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist 
Or, if you don’t want/need launchctl, you can just run: 
redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis.conf
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使用cat命令檢視配置資訊

cat /usr/local/etc/redis.conf

其中指定了埠等資訊

bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
bind 127.0.0.1
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 300
...
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  • 啟動redis redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis.conf 終端輸出
    9400:C 17 Sep 21:51:36.794 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
      9400:C 17 Sep 21:51:36.795 # Redis version=4.0.11, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=9400, just started
      9400:C 17 Sep 21:51:36.795 # Configuration loaded
      9400:M 17 Sep 21:51:36.796 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 7168).
                      _._
                 _.-``__ ''-._
            _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.11 (00000000/0) 64 bit
        .-`` .-```.  ```\/    _.,_ ''-._
       (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
       |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
       |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 9400
        `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'
       |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
       |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io
        `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
       |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|
       |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |
        `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'
            `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'
                `-._        _.-'
                    `-.__.-'
      
      9400:M 17 Sep 21:51:36.799 # Server initialized
      9400:M 17 Sep 21:51:36.800 * DB loaded from disk: 0.001 seconds
      9400:M 17 Sep 21:51:36.800 * Ready to accept connections
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這裡可以看到redis啟動成功，監聽的埠是6379 新開一個tab視窗 輸入redis-cli ping 可以看到控制檯輸出PONG 這就說明redis啟動成功

  • 關閉redis
    • 在啟動視窗按cmd+c或者直接關掉視窗結束程式
    • 執行redis-cli shutdown 輸出redis-cli ping檢驗 控制檯列印Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused 說明關閉成功

node端的簡單使用

  • node安裝redis npm install redis --save

  • 啟動redis客戶端

    const redis = require('redis');
// 你啟動的redis埠和ip地址+options（可去官網自行查閱資料）
const client = redis.createClient(6379, '127.0.0.1', {});
// 監聽錯誤
client.on('error', (err) => {
  console.log(err);
})
// 設定普通的string
client.set("string key", "string val", redis.print);
// 設定hash值
client.hset("hash key", "hashtest 1", "some value", redis.print);
client.hset(["hash key", "hashtest 2", "some other value"], redis.print);
// 設定map值
client.mset('key1', 'val1', ... 'keyn', 'valn', '[callback]'); 

//迴圈遍歷
client.hkeys("hash key", function (err, replies) {
    console.log(replies.length + " replies:");
    replies.forEach(function (reply, i) {
        console.log("    " + i + ": " + reply);
    });
    // 退出
    client.quit();
}); 
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    更多命令使用請參考: github.com/NodeRedis/n…

  • 漂流瓶小功能

    • throw方法

        exports.throw = (bottle, callback) => {
        bottle.time = bottle.time || Date.now();
        const bottleId = Math.random().toString(16);
        const type = {
          male: 0,
          female: 1
        };
        console.log('at redis.js:', bottle);
        /*client.SELECT選擇資料庫編號*/
          client.SELECT(type[bottle.type], function (event) {
            console.log(event);
            /*client.HMSET 儲存雜湊鍵值*/
              client.HMSET(bottleId, bottle, function (err, result) {
                if (err) {
                  return callback({
                    code: 0,
                    msg: "過會兒再來試試吧！"
                  });
                }
                console.log('at redis.js:', result);
                callback({
                  code: 1,
                  msg: result
                });
                /*設定過期時間為1天*/
                client.EXPIRE(bottleId, 86400);
              });
          });
      }
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    • pick方法

          exports.pick = function (info, callback) {
          const type = {
            all: Math.round(Math.random()),
            male: 0,
            female: 1
          };
          console.log('info is:', info);
          info.type = info.type || 'all';
          client.SELECT(type[info.type], function () {
            /*隨機返回當前資料庫的一個鍵*/
            client.RANDOMKEY(function (err, bottleId) {
              if (!bottleId) {
                return callback({
                  code: 0,
                  msg: "大海空空如也..."
                });
              }
              /*根據key返回雜湊物件*/
              client.HGETALL(bottleId, function (err, bottle) {
                if (err) {
                  return callback({
                    code: 0,
                    msg: "漂流瓶破損了..."
                  });
                }
                callback({
                  code: 1,
                  msg: bottle
                });
                /*根據key刪除鍵值*/
                client.DEL(bottleId);
              });
            });
          });
        }
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      • app.js
        const redislib = require('./lib/redis');
          
          redislib.throw({
            type: 'male',
          }, res => {
            console.log(res);
          })
          redislib.pick({
            type: 'male',
          }, res => {
            console.log('at callback:', res);
          });
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      到這裡已經跑通了程式，盡情享受redis吧～

      專案地址

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