完整例項
專案結構
Floral
Floral
accounts
manage.py
Floral/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
from accounts import views
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', views.UserViewSet)
router.register(r'groups', views.GroupViewSet)
router.register(r'ips', views.IpViewSet)
router.register(r'comments', views.CommentViewSet)
Floral/accounts/models.py
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractBaseUser
from rest_framework import serializers
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyUsers(models.Model):
#REQUIRED_FIELDS = ('name',)
#USERNAME_FIELD = ('name')
groups = models.ForeignKey(
'Groups',
null=False,
blank=False,
related_name='myusers',
on_delete=models.CASCADE
)
name = models.CharField(
null=False,
blank=False,
max_length=125,
)
email = models.EmailField(
null=False,
blank=False,
max_length=125,
)
url = models.URLField(
null=False,
blank=True,
max_length=125,
)
class Groups(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(
null=False,
blank=False,
max_length=125,
)
url = models.URLField(
null=False,
blank=True,
max_length=125,
)
class Ip(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(
'MyUsers',
null=False,
blank=False,
related_name='ips',
on_delete=models.CASCADE
)
group = models.ForeignKey(
'Groups',
null=False,
blank=True,
related_name='ips',
on_delete=models.CASCADE
)
ip_addr = models.GenericIPAddressField(
blank=False,
null=False,
)
class Comment(models.Model):
email = models.EmailField(
null=False,
blank=False,
max_length=125,
)
content = models.CharField(
null=False,
blank=False,
max_length=200,
)
created = models.DateTimeField(
help_text=_('date'),
auto_now_add=True
)
user = models.ForeignKey(
'MyUsers',
null=False,
blank=False,
related_name='comments',
on_delete=models.CASCADE
)
Floral/accounts/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import viewsets
from accounts.serializers import UserSerializer, GroupSerializer, IpSerializer, CommentSerializer
from rest_framework.authtoken.models import Token
from rest_framework.response import Response
from knox.auth import TokenAuthentication
from knox.models import AuthToken
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated, AllowAny
from accounts.models import Ip, Comment
class GroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
允許組檢視或編輯的API路徑。
"""
queryset = Group.objects.all()
serializer_class = GroupSerializer
class IpViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
允許組檢視或編輯的API路徑。
"""
queryset = Ip.objects.all()
serializer_class = IpSerializer
class CommentViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Comment.objects.all()
serializer_class = CommentSerializer
Floral/accounts/serializers.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from rest_framework import serializers
from accounts.models import Ip
from rest_framework.response import Response
from datetime import datetime
from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer
from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser
from django.utils.six import BytesIO
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'groups', 'user')
class GroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Group
fields = ('url', 'name')
class IpSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
#SerializerMethodField（）： Serialization and deserialization
group = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
user = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
class Meta:
model = Ip
fields = ('user', 'ip_addr', 'group')
def get_group(self, obj):
group = obj.group
return{'url': group.url,
'name': group.name,
}
def get_user(self, obj):
user = obj.user
if user:
print(1)
return {
'name': user.name + ' ' + 'hello'
}
def get_attribute(self, instance):
a = instance
print(a)
return instance
class Comment(object):
def __init__(self, email, content, created=None):
self.email = email
self.content = content
self.created = created or datetime.now()
class CommentSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
email = serializers.EmailField()
content = serializers.CharField(max_length=200)
created = serializers.DateTimeField()
def create(self, validated_data):
return Comment(**validated_data)
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
instance.email = validated_data.get('email', instance.email)
instance.content = validated_data.get('content', instance.content)
instance.created = validated_data.get('created', instance.created)
return instance
comment = Comment('1111@qq.com', content='foo bar')
serializer = CommentSerializer(comment)
s = serializer.data
json = JSONRenderer().render(s)
stream = BytesIO(json)
data = JSONParser().parse(stream)
print(data)
serializer = CommentSerializer(data=data)
serializer.is_valid()
k = serializer.validated_data
print(k)
複製程式碼訪問http://127.0.0.1:8000/comments/1/
PATCH http://127.0.0.1:8000/comments/1/ 更新部分資料（可以是單條資料） 對應於drf中的update方法
具體的HTTP方法和drff中的操作對應關係參考https://www.jianshu.com/p/69bdfc531f48
使用postman測結果
https://note.youdao.com/yws/res/32204/WEBRESOURCE57124744967a96fa0af039a2aff731a3
如果Comment是一個模型Model
def create(self, validated_data):
return Comment(**validated_data)
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
instance.email = validated_data.get('email', instance.email)
instance.content = validated_data.get('content', instance.content)
instance.created = validated_data.get('created', instance.created)
return instance
可以更改為
def create(self, validated_data):
return Comment.objects.create(**validated_data)
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
instance.email = validated_data.get('email', instance.email)
instance.content = validated_data.get('content', instance.content)
instance.created = validated_data.get('created', instance.created)
instance.save()
return instance
如果你的物件例項對應Django的模型，你還需要確保這些方法將物件儲存到資料庫。
例如，如果Comment是一個Django模型的話。
【Django rest framework 官方文件解釋】
複製程式碼