Redhat8 yum源內網部署
Redhat8 內部yum源部署手冊
1 、Yum 服務概述
Yum (全稱 Yellow Dog Updater)是一個在 Fedora 和 RedHat 以及 CentOS 中的 Shell 前端軟體包管理器。基於 RPM 包管理,能夠從指定的伺服器自動下載RPM包並且安裝,可以自動處理依賴性關係,並且一次安裝所有依賴的軟體包.
2 、搭建Redhat 8 源伺服器
2.1 使用 VDC 對虛擬化環境的 redhat 服務進行註冊
主要流程:
1、 選擇一臺可以聯網的 RHEL 虛擬機器,在其上安裝 virt-who 軟體包,並配置 virt-who 服務。
安裝 virt-who 軟體包可以透過掛載 ISO 映象,配置本地 yum 源進行安裝:
[root@yumserver8 ~]# yum install virt-who |
2、 配置 virt-who 服務,需要您建立並編輯如下檔案 :
[root@yumserver8 ~]# cat /etc/virt-who.d/virt-who.conf [vmware] type=esx server=10.xx.xx.13 username=administrator@vsphere.local password=77b6513b6baf65d0b4e858a6d5bea92c1f4c7b21d697dafb895e6e34da940597 owner=17xxx593 env=Library hypervisor_id=hostname |
注:實際vcenter 密碼錯誤也不會影響 |
# vim /etc/virt-who.d/virt-who.conf
[vmware]
type=esx
server=[vCenter.domain.com] [1]
username=[vCenterusername] [2]
password=[vCenterpassword] [3]
owner=[org ID] [4]
env=Library
hypervisor_id=hostname
[1][2][3][4] 處需要您根據實際情況修改:
[1] 處請替換問 VCenter 的域名或IP,[2]處替換為 VCenter 具有管理員許可權的賬戶名,[3]處替換為[2]處使用者名稱所對應的密碼。
[4] 處請在 RHEL 虛擬機器執行如下命令來獲取 org ID(會需要您輸入登入客戶入口網站時使用者名稱和密碼):
# subscription-manager register
[root@yumserver8 ~]# subscription-manager register Registering to: subscription.rhsm.redhat.com:443/subscription Username: nixxd Password: The system has been registered with ID: 4e3b164c-1151-4f2b-aa03-4fee80b03f71 The registered system name is: yumserver8 [root@yumserver8 ~]# |
# subscription-manager identity
[root@yumserver8 ~]# subscription-manager identity system identity: 4e3b164c-1151-4f2b-aa03-4fee80b03f71 name: yumserver8 org name: 17xxx593 org ID: 17xxx593 [root@yumserver8 ~]# |
如何使用加密密碼配置virt-who
# virt-who-password
#password:(在此處輸入字元後系統返回字串,填入[3])
[root@yumserver8 ~]# virt-who-password Password: Use following as value for encrypted_password key in the configuration file: 77b6513b6baf65d0b4e858a6d5bea92c1f4c7b21d697dafb895e6e34da940597 [root@yumserver8 ~]# |
3 、完畢後,請執行如下命令開啟 virt-who 服務:
[root@yumserver8 ~]# systemctl start virt-who [root@yumserver8 ~]# systemctl enable virt-who |
4 、在此之後,如果 virt-who 配置正確,此服務會將 VCenter 中的宿主機的資訊對映到我們的客戶入口網站,然後您需要登入客戶入口網站為宿主機附加上 Physical 型別的 VDC 訂閱,附加完畢後,會自動解鎖 Virtual 型別的 VDC 訂閱供虛擬機器使用。
5、 最後,使用如下命令檢視註冊狀態:
[root@yumserver8 ~]# subscription-manager status +-------------------------------------------+ System Status Details +-------------------------------------------+ Overall Status: Disabled Content Access Mode is set to Simple Content Access. This host has access to content, regardless of subscription status.
System Purpose Status: Disabled
[root@yumserver8 ~]# |
6、 最後,檢視yum源狀態並嘗試用紅帽yum源安裝一個軟體測試一下
[root@yumserver8 ~]# yum repolist enabled Updating Subscription Management repositories. repo id repo name rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs) |
[root@yumserver8 ~]# yum install net-tools 測試安裝ok |
2.2 搭建內部 Yum 源同步 Redhat 源
2.2.1 、檢視系統版本.
[root@yumserver8 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 8.5 (Ootpa) |
2.2.2 、放開系統防火牆, 關閉selinux
(為部署httpd服務準備)
[root@yumserver8 yum.repos.d]# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent success [root@yumserver8 yum.repos.d]# firewall-cmd --reload success [root@yumserver8 yum.repos.d]# firewall-cmd --list-ports 80/tcp |
[root@yumserver8 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded. SELINUX= permissive # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. # mls - Multi Level Security protection. SELINUXTYPE=targeted |
2.2.3 、安裝相關軟體
[root@yumserver8 ~]# yum install -y wget make cmake gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel httpd yum-utils |
2.2.4 、指定目錄同步紅帽yum 源軟體包
指定目錄/mirror(自定義目錄)
Redhat8 不用createrepo了,直接用reposync,所有都搞定了
reposync -p /mirror --download-metadata --repoid=rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms reposync -p /mirror --download-metadata --repoid=rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms |
實際包大概有30000+個,時間有點久
2.3 啟動並配置 Apache 服務
配置httpd服務,找到/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf中的DocumentRoot,並新增以下的內:
[root@yumserver8 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" DocumentRoot "/mirror/" <Directory "/mirror/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all Require all granted </Directory> # # Relax access to content within /var/www. |
[root@yumserver8 ~]# systemctl start httpd [root@yumserver8 ~]# systemctl enable httpd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service. [root@yumserver8 ~]# systemctl status httpd |
### 修改 Apache 預設首頁 index.html
cat << EOF > /usr/share/httpd/noindex/index.html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Redhat 8 映象</title> <script>document.createElement("myHero")</script> <style> myHero { display: block; background-color: #ddd; padding: 10px; font-size: 20px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1> 簡介</h1> <hr> <p>Redhat ,是基於 Red Hat Linux 提供的企業級 Linux 發行版本。</p> <hr> <br> <br> <h1> Redhat 8 配置內部YUM 源</h1> <br> <h2>1 、備份</h2> <myHero>mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/backup </myHero> <myHero>mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/backup/</myHero> <br> <h2>2 、下載新的 redhat.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/ </h2> <myHero>curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo http:/ /x.x.x.x/repo/ redhat.repo</myHero>
<br> <h2>3 、執行 yum makecache 生成快取</h2> <br> <h2>4 、執行 yum repolist 檢視已經生成快取</h2> <br> <br> </body> </html> EOF |
在瀏覽器輸入: 即可訪問客戶端升級方法
2.4 編寫 yum 源客戶端檔案
2.4.1 Redhat8 檔案配置
[root@yumserver8 repo]# cat /mirror/repo/redhat.repo [AppStream] name=AppStream baseurl= http xxxxxxxxx/rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms/ enable=1 gpgcheck=0
[BaseOS] name=BaseOS baseurl= http xxxxxxxxx/ rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms/ enable=1 gpgcheck=0
|
3 、 redhat 客戶端測試
再需要配置的客戶端上操作。
mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/backup mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/backup/ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo |
[root@yum8test ~]# yum repolist all Updating Subscription Management repositories. Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
repo id repo name status AppStream AppStream enabled BaseOS BaseOS enabled |
[root@yum8test yum.repos.d]# yum install net-tools |
測試 ok
4 、配置定時任務
### 配置指令碼 ###
[root@yumserver8 mirror]# mkdir -p /var/log/yumupdatelog/
[root@yumserver8 mirror]# cat /mirror/redhat_yum_update.sh #!/bin/bash echo 'Updating Redhat Source' DATETIME=`date +%F_%T` exec > /var/log/yumupdatelog/Redhat_$DATETIME.log reposync -p /mirror --download-metadata --repoid=rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms reposync -p /mirror --download-metadata --repoid=rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms if [ $? -eq 0 ];then echo "SUCESS: $DATETIME Redhat_yum update successful" else echo "ERROR: $DATETIME Redhat_yum update failed" fi [root@yumserver8 mirror]# |
### 新增定時任務 ### 每週一凌晨 1 點執行
[root@yumserver8 mirror]# crontab -l 0 1 * * 1 /bin/bash /mirror/redhat_yum_update.sh |
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