Oracle Rman多通道故障轉移問題分析
問題現象：
近期公司做資料庫冗餘測試，停掉RAC其中一個節點後，發現本地自動備份和清理歸檔的指令碼執行失敗。
指令碼類似如下：
run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac1:1521/oradb;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac2:1521/oradb;
******
}
報錯如下：
RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-12001: could not open channel ch1 RMAN-10008: could not create channel context RMAN-10003: unable to connect to target database ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
原因分析：
經測試，此多通道寫法無法實現故障轉移。
測試過程如下：
[oracle@rac2 cjc]$ rman target /
RMAN> run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac1:1521/oradb;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac2:1521/oradb;
show all;
}2> 3> 4> 5>
allocated channel: ch1 channel ch1: SID=716 instance=oradb1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ch2 channel ch2: SID=730 instance=oradb2 device type=DISK RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORADB are: CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; # default CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/db/product/19.0.0/dbs/snapcf_oradb1.f'; # default released channel: ch1 released channel: ch2
停掉節點1例項後：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun May 9 18:51:48 2021 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Version 19.3.0.0.0 SQL> shutdown immediate
再次連線rman，報錯
oracle@rac2 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun May 9 18:56:39 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORADB (DBID=2810081861)
RMAN> run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac1:1521/oradb;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac2:1521/oradb;
show all;
}2> 3> 4> 5>
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-12001: could not open channel ch1
RMAN-10008: could not create channel context
RMAN-10003: unable to connect to target database
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
是否和通道順序有關呢？將ch2寫到前面，測試報錯依舊，看來和順序無關
RMAN> run {
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac2:1521/oradb;
allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac1:1521/oradb;
show all;
}2> 3> 4> 5>
allocated channel: ch2
channel ch2: SID=25 instance=oradb2 device type=DISK
released channel: ch2
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-12001: could not open channel ch1
RMAN-10008: could not create channel context
RMAN-10003: unable to connect to target database
ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
把停掉的節點通道註釋掉以後可以正常執行命令
run {
#allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac1:1521/oradb;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac2:1521/oradb;
show all;
}
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun May 9 18:59:03 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORADB (DBID=2810081861)
RMAN> run {
#allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac1:1521/oradb;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@rac2:1521/oradb;
show all;
}2> 3> 4> 5>
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch2
channel ch2: SID=479 instance=oradb2 device type=DISK
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORADB are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/db/product/19.0.0/dbs/snapcf_oradb2.f'; # default
released channel: ch2
如何在RAC兩個節點都保持正常的情況下，可以使用多個節點併發通道提高速度，在某個節點出現故障，通道自動轉移到另一個節點呢？
可以嘗試使用10g連線RAC的指定多個vip的方式。
將如下內容加入到tnsnames.ora檔案中。
vip1 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2)(PORT = 1521)) #(LOAD_BALANCE = yes) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = oradb) ) ) vip2 = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2)(PORT = 1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1)(PORT = 1521)) #(LOAD_BALANCE = yes) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = oradb) ) )
測試在不使用LOAD_BALANCE = yes情況下，優先連線第一個地址，當第一個地址連不通了，會自動去連線第二個地址，實現故障轉移。
[oracle@rac2 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@vip1 show parameter name [oracle@rac2 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@vip2 show parameter name
修改RMAN指令碼
run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@vip1;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@vip2;
show all;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
}
在節點1例項不啟動的情況下，可以正常執行命令了。
[oracle@rac2 admin]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun May 9 19:36:14 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORADB (DBID=2810081861)
RMAN> run {
allocate channel ch1 type disk connect sys/oracle@vip1;
allocate channel ch2 type disk connect sys/oracle@vip2;
show all;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
}2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7>
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ch1
channel ch1: SID=717 instance=oradb1 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ch2
channel ch2: SID=489 instance=oradb2 device type=DISK
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORADB are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE RMAN OUTPUT TO KEEP FOR 7 DAYS; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/db/product/19.0.0/dbs/snapcf_oradb2.f'; # default
released channel: ch1
released channel: ch2
###chenjuchao 20210509 20:30###
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