ASP.Net Core 3.1 With Autofac ConfigureServices returning an System.IServiceProvider isn't supported.

果凍棟吖發表於2020-07-17

前言

Autofac在ASP.Net Core3.0以後，整合方式有所調整。在ASP.Net Core2中我們一般是把Startup的ConfigureServices方法返回值型別改為IServiceProvider。我們可以先看一下部分程式碼：

        public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            
            services.AddMvc();
			//xxxxxx你的其他程式碼 省略...........
            //用Autofac來替換IOC容器 返回值由 void 修改為 IServiceProvider
            var containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
            containerBuilder.RegisterModule<CustomAutofacModule>();
            containerBuilder.Populate(services);
            var container = containerBuilder.Build();
            //將當前的容器儲存起來，用於後續使用
            AutofacHelper.Container = container;
            return new AutofacServiceProvider(container);
        }

完整程式碼可以參考我之前的開源專案：LJD.APP:https://github.com/jellydong/LJDAPP

CustomAutofacModule是把Autofac的配置單獨寫，不然都放在Startup中有點臃腫。

我們把這段程式碼Copy到ASP.Net Core3.1的專案中啟動：

異常：System.NotSupportedException:“ConfigureServices returning an System.IServiceProvider isn't supported.”

就是說，我們不能再這樣修改返回值型別，

官網解釋：您不能再IServiceProvider從中返回ConfigureServices，也不能將服務提供者工廠新增到服務集合中。

那我們按照官方文件的方法修改一下。

建立ASP.Net Core3.1 Web專案

效果圖

Services

建立完成後我們先建立資料夾Services,用來測試使用。

在Services資料夾下建立Iservice

namespace DotNetCore3AutoFac.Services
{
    public interface IService
    {
        string SayHi();
    }
}

然後建立兩個Iservice的實現類OneService、TwoService

namespace DotNetCore3AutoFac.Services
{
    public class OneService:IService
    {
        public string SayHi()
        {
            return "One Say Hi";
        }
    }
}

namespace DotNetCore3AutoFac.Services
{
    public class TwoService:IService
    {
        public string SayHi()
        {
            return "Two Say Hi";
        }
    }
}

Autofac

建立Autofac資料夾，在該資料夾下建立CustomAutofacModule

using Autofac;
using DotNetCore3AutoFac.Services;

namespace DotNetCore3AutoFac.Autofac
{
    public class CustomAutofacModule : Module
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// AutoFac註冊類
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="builder"></param>
        protected override void Load(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            builder.RegisterType<OneService>().As<IService>();
        }
    }
}

我們先用OneService去實現，當然，正常這裡會有很多很多的程式碼~

修改`Startup`和`Program`

當然，需要安裝Autofac的包：Autofac&Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection

前序工作都完成了，我們來改最重要的，首先修改我們的Program，增加UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory())

namespace DotNetCore3AutoFac
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
        }

        public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
            	//改用Autofac來實現依賴注入
                .UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory())
                .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
                {
                    webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
                });
    }
}

然後我們修改Startup

1、增加屬性AutofacContainer

2、增加方法ConfigureContainer它在ConfigureServices之後執行

3、給屬性賦值（可選）

using Autofac;
using Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using DotNetCore3AutoFac.Autofac; 
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespace DotNetCore3AutoFac
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
		//autofac 新增
        public ILifetimeScope AutofacContainer { get; private set; }


        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllersWithViews(); 
        }

		//autofac 新增
        public void ConfigureContainer(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            // 直接用Autofac註冊我們自定義的 
            builder.RegisterModule(new CustomAutofacModule());
        }


        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
                // The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
                app.UseHsts();
            }
			//autofac 新增 可選
            this.AutofacContainer = app.ApplicationServices.GetAutofacRoot();


            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
            });
        }
    }
}