ORACLE EVENTS(轉)

ORACLE EVENTS

Events

Introduction

Enabling Events

Listing All Events

Listing Enabled Events

Event Reference

Introduction

There are four types of numeric events

• Immediate dumps
• Conditional dumps
• Trace dumps
• Events that change database behaviour

Every event has a number which is in the Oracle error message range e.g. event 10046 is ORA-10046

Each event has one or more levels which can be

• range e.g. 1 to 10
• bitmask e.g. 0x01 0x02 0x04 0x08 0x10
• flag e.g. 0=off; 1=on
• identifier e.g. object id, memory address etc

Note that events change from one release to another. As existing events become deprecated and then obsolete, the event number is frequently reused for a new event. Note also that the message file sometimes does not reflect the events in the current release.

Many events change the behaviour of the database. Some testing events may cause the database to crash. Never set an event on a production database without obtaining permission from Oracle support. In addition, never set an event on a development database without first making a backup.

Enabling Events

Events can be enabled at instance level in the init.ora file using

    event='event trace name context forever, level level';

Multiple events can be enabled in one of two ways

1 - Use a colon to separate the event text e.g.

    event = "10248 trace name context forever, level 10:10249 trace name context forever, level 10"

2 - List events on consecutive lines e.g.

    event = "10248 trace name context forever, level 10"

    event = "10249 trace name context forever, level 10"

Note that in some versions of Oracle, the keyword "event" must be in the same case (i.e. always uppercase or always lowercase).

Events can also be enabled at instance level using the ALTER SYSTEM command

    ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS

    'event trace name context forever, level level';

Events are disabled at instance level using

    ALTER SYSTEM SET EVENTS

    'event trace name context off';

Events can also be enabled at session level using the ALTER SESSION command

    ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS

    'event trace name context forever, level level';

Events are disabled at session level using

    ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS

    'event trace name context off';

Events can be enabled in other sessions using ORADEBUG

To enable an event in a process use

    ORADEBUG EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL level

For example to set event 10046, level 12 in Oracle process 8 use

    ORADEBUG SETORAPID 8

    ORADEBUG EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 12

To disable an event in a process use

    ORADEBUG EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF

To enable an event in a session use

    ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL level

For example

    ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT 10046 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 12

To disable an event in a session use

    ORADEBUG SESSION_EVENT event TRACE NAME CONTEXT OFF

Events can be also enabled in other sessions using DBMS_SYSTEM.SETEV

The SID and the serial number of the target session must be obtained from V$SESSION.

For example to enable event 10046 level 8 in a session with SID 9 and serial number 29 use

    EXECUTE dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,8,'');

To disable event 10046 in the same session use

    EXECUTE dbms_system.set_ev (9,29,10046,0,'');

Listing All Events

Most events are numbered in the range 10000 to 10999. To dump all event messages in this range use

    SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

    DECLARE 

      err_msg VARCHAR2(120);

    BEGIN

      dbms_output.enable (1000000);

      FOR err_num IN 10000..10999

      LOOP

        err_msg := SQLERRM (-err_num);

        IF err_msg NOT LIKE '%Message '||err_num||' not found%' THEN

          dbms_output.put_line (err_msg);

        END IF;

      END LOOP;

    END;

    /

On Unix systems event messages are in the formatted text file

    $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msg

To print detailed event messages (Unix only) use the following script

    event=10000

    while [ $event -ne 10999 ]

    do

        event=`expr $event + 1`

        oerr ora $event

    done

Listing Enabled Events

To check which events are enabled in the current session

    SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

    DECLARE

        l_level NUMBER;

    BEGIN

        FOR l_event IN 10000..10999

        LOOP

            dbms_system.read_ev (l_event,l_level);

            IF l_level > 0 THEN

                dbms_output.put_line ('Event '||TO_CHAR (l_event)||

                ' is set at level '||TO_CHAR (l_level));

            END IF;

        END LOOP;

    END;

    /

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