最近開發中用到了Redis，這裡就記錄一下
選擇合適的Redis版本
小數點後的第一位數字是偶數就是穩定版，奇數就是非穩定版
例如：
穩定版： 2.4、2.6
非穩定版：2.5、2.7
Windows下安裝Redis
為什麼要windows安裝？不用Linux？因為我的電腦跑不起虛擬機器。。。後面再更新Linux的版本安裝。
我的環境使用win，redis版本選擇2.6.12。公司遮蔽了上傳，各位自行下載。
下載解壓後，記住不要解壓在中文目錄下，如D:軟體
edis2.6.12。
開啟檔案目錄如下
| 名稱 | 說明 |
| ——– | —– |
| redis-server.exe | redis伺服器|
| redis-cli.exe | redis命令列客戶端 |
| redis-check-dump.exe | redis效能測試工具 |
| redis-check-aof.exe | AOF檔案修復工具 |
| redis-benchmark.exe | RDB檔案檢查工具 |
| redis.conf | redis配置檔案 |
可能在你的目錄下沒有這個redis.conf檔案，沒關係，這裡提供，新建複製即可
# Redis configuration file example
# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use `yes` if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize no
# When run as a daemon, Redis write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by default.
# You can specify a custom pid file location here.
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379
port 6379
# If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not
# specified all the interfaces will listen for connections.
#
# bind 127.0.0.1
# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
timeout 300
# Set server verbosity to `debug`
# it can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel debug
# Specify the log file name. Also `stdout` can be used to force
# the demon to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile stdout
# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
# dbid is a number between 0 and `databases`-1
databases 16
################################ SNAPSHOTTING #################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
# save <seconds> <changes>
#
# Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
# number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
# In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
# after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
# after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
# after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that`s set to `yes` as it`s almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to `no` but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes
# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb
# For default save/load DB in/from the working directory
# Note that you must specify a directory not a file name.
dir ./
################################# REPLICATION #################################
# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.
#
# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
# refuse the slave request.
#
# masterauth <master-password>
################################## SECURITY ###################################
# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
# commands. This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# requirepass foobared
################################### LIMITS ####################################
# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there
# is no limit, and it`s up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process
# is able to open. The special value `0` means no limts.
# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
# an error `max number of clients reached`.
#
# maxclients 128
# Don`t use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an
# EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire
# in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.
# Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.
#
# If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
# that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
# to reply to most read-only commands like GET.
#
# WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a
# `state` server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real
# database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if
# it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you`ll have the time
# to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you`ll start to get
# errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.
#
# maxmemory <bytes>
############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live
# with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash
# happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot
# about your data and don`t want to that a single record can get lost you should
# enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append
# every write operation received in the file appendonly.log. This file will
# be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.
#
# Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you
# like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).
# Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the
# log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.
#
# The name of the append only file is "appendonly.log"
#
# IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append
# log file in background when it gets too big.
appendonly no
# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
# instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
#
# Redis supports three different modes:
#
# no: don`t fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
# everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.
#
# The default is "always" that`s the safer of the options. It`s up to you to
# understand if you can relax this to "everysec" that will fsync every second
# or to "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
# it want, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that`s snapshotting).
appendfsync always
# appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no
############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
# Glue small output buffers together in order to send small replies in a
# single TCP packet. Uses a bit more CPU but most of the times it is a win
# in terms of number of queries per second. Use `yes` if unsure.
#glueoutputbuf yes
# Use object sharing. Can save a lot of memory if you have many common
# string in your dataset, but performs lookups against the shared objects
# pool so it uses more CPU and can be a bit slower. Usually it`s a good
# idea.
#
# When object sharing is enabled (shareobjects yes) you can use
# shareobjectspoolsize to control the size of the pool used in order to try
# object sharing. A bigger pool size will lead to better sharing capabilities.
# In general you want this value to be at least the double of the number of
# very common strings you have in your dataset.
#
# WARNING: object sharing is experimental, don`t enable this feature
# in production before of Redis 1.0-stable. Still please try this feature in
# your development environment so that we can test it better.
# shareobjects no
# shareobjectspoolsize 1024
使用命令提示符，進入到redis目錄下，執行如下語句，就可以看到redis已經成功執行，後面的redis.conf，指定redis伺服器使用後面的redis.conf檔案裡的配置執行
>redis-server.exe redis.conf
redis預設啟用的是6379這個埠，也可以自定義指定埠，或者在conf檔案裡指定。conf檔案還指定了redis的執行方式、持久化資料、日誌檔案的儲存位置等注意：redis視窗此時以獨佔方式執行，不可關閉！
Linux下安裝redis
1、首先安裝php的擴充套件
配置php環境（phpize需要先安裝php-devel的擴充套件和gcc擴充套件）
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
phpize是什麼？
在windows下，拷邊擴充套件dll檔案到指定目錄即可，然後開啟php.ini檔案刪除；即可開啟擴充套件，而linux下，編譯的php原始碼後的執行檔案，需要使用phpize進行擴充套件
使用php-config檔案進行redis檔案配置
# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config
編譯
# make
安裝，提示redis已經安裝到的目錄
[root@localhost phpredis-develop]# make install
Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib64/php/modules/
編輯php.ini檔案，新增
extension="redis.so"
此時重啟即可安裝完成redis的擴充套件
安裝samba服務，便於在windows目錄下，編輯linux的檔案，–skip-broken跳過報錯資訊
# yum -y install samba* --skip-broken
安裝完成後，編輯conf檔案
# vim /etc/samba/sam.conf
在[home]節點下，新增如下內容
[web]
path=/var/www/html/redis
browseable=yes
writeable=yes
完成後，重啟samba服務
新增訪問使用者
# smbpasswd -a apache
設定密碼
重啟samba
# service smb restart
使用windows登入，注意，需要關閉linux防火牆和setenforce 0
//192.168.88.129/web
windows操作時，需要新增acl許可權
# setfacl -m u:apache:rwx -R /var/www/html/
# setfacl -m d:u:apache:rwx -R /var/www/html/
安裝redis
# tar zxvf redis
編譯（注意需要安裝tcl 8.5）
# make
編譯完成後，進入src並測試編譯結果
# cd src && make test
安裝
# make install
新建目錄存放redis和conf檔案
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/bin /usr/local/redis/etc
移動redis程式和conf檔案
# mv ./redis.conf /usr/local/redis/etc/
# mv ./redis-benchmark ./redis-check-aof ./redis-check-dump ./redis-server ./redis-cli ./redis-sentinel ./mkreleasehdr.sh /usr/local/redis/bin/
此時進入到/usr/local/redis/etc/目錄下，修改redis.conf檔案，使redis位於後臺執行
# vim redis.conf
修改daemonize no為yes
進入到/usr/local/redis/bin目錄下，執行redis-server，開啟redis服務程式！
此時可以redis應該執行了，執行ps -ef | grep redis和netstat -tunpl | grep redis分別可以看到redis執行在6379埠上，6379是redis的預設埠
本章節完
補充
到正常情況到此可以用phpinfo看到redis擴充套件
如果phpinfo沒有redis擴充套件資訊請新增/etc/php.d/redis.ini (路徑是我本地的)
redis.ini 內容如下：
; Enable mysql extension module
extension=redis.so
重啟apache或者nginx (reload php—> /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart)