CentOS7.Xyum安裝MySQL

qq2233466866發表於2018-06-11
CentOSMySql

yum安裝mysql

  1. 安裝前的準備

    yum install 
vim 
wget 
-y

  2. 獲取原始碼資源包

    wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

  3. 安裝原始碼資源包

    rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

  4. 通過資源包安裝mysql

    yum install mysql-server -y

  5. 修改my.conf

    vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
character-set-server=utf8mb4
init_connect=`SET NAMES utf8mb4`
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
character-set-client-handshake=FALSE

symbolic-links=0
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
secure_file_priv=/var/lib/mysql-files

server-id=1
binlog-format=Row
log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin
sql-mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

ESC
:wq

  6. 建立資料檔案目錄、所屬組、使用者改為mysql

    mkdir /data
mkdir /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/*/mysql*

  7. 修改SELinux

    vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=permissive

ESC
:wq

setenforce 0

  8. 啟動資料庫,生成socket檔案

    systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
# 因為配置檔案中指定了
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
# 所以初始密碼在如下檔案中
/var/log/mysqld.log
cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep password
# 結果顯示
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: **************

  9. 修改資料庫初始密碼

    mysql -u root -p
# 輸入原始密碼
**************
# 設定允許使用弱密碼
SET GLOBAL validate_password_policy=0;
ALTER USER `root`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED BY `**************`;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `mysql`@`%` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
QUIT;

  10. 初始化資料庫(除了密碼一律選擇Y)

    # 如果是資料庫【安裝】則只執行下面這步
mysql_secure_installation

# 如果是資料庫【升級】則只執行下面這步(**************表示資料庫之前的密碼)
mysql_upgrade -u root -p
**************

  11. 配置防火牆

    systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start  firewalld
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
firewall-cmd --reload

  12. 測試啟動、停止、重啟mysql

    #啟用並啟動
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
#禁用並關閉
systemctl disable mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld
#啟用並重新啟動
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld

  13. 設定外部訪問密碼

    # 資料庫名-萬用字元及格式:
    *[允許操作所有資料庫]
    %pay%[允許操作名字包含`pay`的資料庫]
    mydatabase[僅允許操作`mydatabase`資料庫]
# 表名-萬用字元及格式:
    *[允許操作所有表]
    %pay%[允許操作名字包含`pay`的表]
    mytable[僅允許操作`mytable`表]
# ip地址-萬用字元及格式:
    %/0.0.0.0[允許任意IP訪問]
    xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx[僅限公網訪問]
    192.168.x.xxx[僅限區域網訪問]
    localhost/127.0.0.1/::1[僅限本機訪問]

# 資料庫授權格式
GRANT 許可權名 ON 資料庫名.資料表名 TO `資料使用者`@`訪問IP` IDENTIFIED BY `使用者密碼` WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 為任意資料庫表 任意操作 分配root使用者,僅限本地訪問
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `root`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `root`@`127.0.0.1` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `root`@`::1` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 為任意資料庫表 任意操作 分配mysql使用者,任意IP訪問(安裝除錯階段、本地開發使用,用後即刪)
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `mysql`@`%` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 為任意資料庫表 增刪改查 分配單獨使用者,為不同的業務分配專屬使用者
GRANT INSERT ON *.* TO `insert1`@`127.0.0.1` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT DELETE ON *.* TO `delete1`@`127.0.0.1` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT UPDATE ON *.* TO `update1`@`127.0.0.1` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO `select1`@`127.0.0.1` IDENTIFIED BY `**************` WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 重新整理許可權
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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