ABAP和Java SpringBoot的單元測試
ABAP
在ABAP類裡,本地類(Local Class)裡用關鍵字FOR TESTING宣告過的方法,
在單元測試啟動後會自動被呼叫到。
Spring Boot
在Spring及Spring Boot “Convention over configuration”的設定思路里,放在路徑src/test/java下面以Tests.java結尾的Java類會被當成單元測試類處理。
對上述專案執行命令列mvn clean install後,報錯誤訊息:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your test at org.springframework.util.Assert.state(Assert.java:70) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.getOrFindConfigurationClasses(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:202) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.processMergedContextConfiguration(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:137) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:409) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildDefaultMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:323) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:277) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:112) at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.java:82) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:120) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:105) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:152) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:143) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner.<init>(SpringRunner.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104) at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26) at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59) at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:283) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeWithRerun(JUnit4Provider.java:173) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:153) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:128) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.invokeProviderInSameClassLoader(ForkedBooter.java:203) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:155) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:103)
從呼叫棧能看出,Spring Boot單元測試框架試圖自動找到一個被施加單元測試的Java類,但是失敗了,所以報了異常。
由於我這個SpringBoot專案的入口是com.sap.smartService.SmartServiceApplication, 因此我需要在單元測試啟動類裡指定這個入口類:
@SpringBootTest(classes = com.sap.smartService.SmartServiceApplication.class)
加上之後maven build成功:
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