【AIX】AIX 開機自動掛載NFS共享

dbhelper發表於2014-11-27
AIX 開機自動掛載NFS共享

當Oracle搭建在AIX系統上,進行集中備份時,可能需要通過連線Backup server掛載NFS共享來講資料備份到儲存裝置上。
在Linux環境下,如想實現NFS開機自動掛載,通常
只要在/etc/fstab中新增相應記錄即可。

在AIX系統中,即使在相應目錄/etc/filesystems中新增了對應掛載資訊並設定mount引數為true,有時也難以實現開機自動掛載。
本文通過實驗,解決AIX掛載NFS共享時報錯:Vmount:Not owner 問題,並實現AIX環境下開機自動掛載Linux NFS共享。

【實驗環境

NFS客戶端 作業系統:AIX 5300-09
NFS伺服器 作業系統:RHEL 5.4


【實驗背景

進行oracle資料庫集中備份時,Backup Server (rhel)連線到磁碟陣列。然後通過NFS共享儲存空間供各個資料庫伺服器儲存備份檔案。
各資料庫伺服器(AIX系統)作為客戶端掛載對應NFS共享,即可備份時通過Backup Server將備份檔案儲存在陣列上。


與Linux系統不同,當AIX作為NFS客戶端,掛載NFS共享時,需調整AIX預設網路引數。
若想實現開機啟動,必須將網路引數值寫入nextboot file。

【實驗過程


1、檢視NFS共享

showmount -e rhel152 | grep aix227

共享儲存的位置為 rhel152:/backup/cuug02/storage03

2、編輯/etc/filesystems

vi /etc/filesystems



mount=true 即開機自動掛載

3、手工mount報錯

mount /backup


咦?linux系統中只要做類似配置,即可成功掛載,到了AIX系統怎麼就不行了呢?
難道是編輯的配置有問題?

4、使用smit檢視相應配置

為驗證NFS的配置資訊,刪除/etc/filesystems中所新增資訊,使用smit nfs 重新進行配置


下圖陪配置資訊中
/etc/filesystems entry will mount the directory on system restart   選項  設定為  yes    
即 開機自動掛載


配置完畢後 回車 顯示 failed 
仍然報錯,Not owner



5、調整預設網路引數

檢視相關資料,出現此報錯資訊,需要調整AIX預設網路引數
nfso -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1


調整完畢後再次手動掛載無報錯資訊
mount /backup
df -g檢視,已成功掛載NFS伺服器共享目錄到本地檔案系統




6、重啟AIX系統驗證

上面手動掛載成功後,還需重啟AIX系統看是否能夠實現開機自動掛載
shutdown -Fr 重啟AIX系統


7、重啟後手工mount再次失敗

重啟後檢視NFS未成功掛載,手工mount失敗,依然報相同錯


smit nfs檢視相關資訊,開機掛載選項的確是yes


從上面報錯資訊看出,還是網路引數需要調整。
那如果每次掛載前都需要調整,就無法實現開機自動掛載了。
能不能將此引數設定為永久生效呢?

8、檢視nfso 相關引數

man nfso 檢視nfso命令手冊 其中-o  和 -p 引數介紹如下


  1. -o Tunable[ =NewValue ]
  2. Displays the value or sets Tunable to NewValue. If a tunable needs to be changed (the specified value is different
  3. than current value), and is of type Bosboot or Reboot, or if it is of type Incremental and its current value is bigger
  4. than the specified value, and -r is not used in combination, it will not be changed but a warning displays instead.
  5. When -r is used in combination without a new value, the nextboot value for the Tunable displays. When -p is used in
  6. combination without a NewValue, a value displays only if the current and next boot values for the Tunable are the
  7. same. Otherwise NONE displays as the value.

  8. -p
  9. Makes changes apply to both current and reboot values, when used in combination with -o, -d or -D, that is, it turns
  10. on the updating of the /etc/tunables/nextboot file in addition to the updating of the current value. These
  11. combinations cannot be used on Reboot and Bosboot type parameters because their current value cannot be changed.
  12. When used with -a or -o without specifying a new value, values are displayed only if the current and next boot values
  13. for a parameter are the same. Otherwise NONE displays as the value.

從上面看出,使用-p 引數結合-o 或者-d 、-D,不僅可以更新當前值,還可以寫入/etc/tunables/nextboot 檔案,同時修改當前值和reboot後的值。

9、重新設定網路引數

nfso -p -o nfs_use_reserved_ports=1

提示資訊顯示寫入了nextboot file
檢視/etc/tunables/nextboot 新增加我們剛剛設定的引數


手動mount,掛載NFS成功不報錯

10、重啟查驗,自動掛載成功

shutdonw -Fr 再次重啟AIX系統查驗
自動掛載NFS成功,實現了AIX系統開機自動掛載NFS



11、檢視網路引數及nextbootfile


檢視/etc/tunables/nextboot 檔案,發現有我們為安裝oracle而調整的引數,還有剛剛為掛載nfs而設定的nfs_use_reserved_ports引數



使用nfso -L命令,以圖表方式檢視網路引數
其中掛載nfs需修改的網路引數nfs_use_reserved_ports引數,當前值是1,預設值是0

  1. [root@aix227:/]#nfso -L
  2. NAME CUR DEF BOOT MIN MAX UNIT TYPE
  3. DEPENDENCIES
  4. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  5. portcheck 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
  6. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  7. udpchecksum 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  8. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  9. nfs_socketsize 600000 600000 600000 40000 1280K Bytes D
  10. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  11. nfs_tcp_socketsize 600000 600000 600000 40000 1280K Bytes D
  12. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  13. nfs_setattr_error 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
  14. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  15. nfs_gather_threshold 4K 4K 4K 512 8K+1 Bytes D
  16. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  17. nfs_repeat_messages 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
  18. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  19. nfs_udp_duplicate_cache_size
  20. 5000 5000 5000 5000 100000 Req I
  21. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  22. nfs_tcp_duplicate_cache_size
  23. 5000 5000 5000 5000 100000 Req I
  24. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  25. nfs_server_base_priority 0 0 0 31 125 Pri D
  26. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  27. nfs_dynamic_retrans 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  28. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  29. nfs_iopace_pages 0 0 0 0 64K-1 Pages D
  30. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  31. nfs_max_connections 0 0 0 0 10000 Number D
  32. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  33. nfs_max_threads 3891 3891 3891 5 3891 Threads D
  34. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  35. nfs_use_reserved_ports 1 0 1 0 1 On/Off D
  36. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  37. nfs_device_specific_bufs 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  38. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  39. nfs_server_clread 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  40. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  41. nfs_rfc1323 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
  42. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  43. nfs_max_write_size 32K 32K 32K 512 64K Bytes D
  44. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  45. nfs_max_read_size 32K 32K 32K 512 64K Bytes D
  46. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  47. nfs_allow_all_signals 0 0 0 0 1 On/Off D
  48. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  49. nfs_v2_pdts 1 1 1 1 8 PDTs M
  50. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  51. nfs_v3_pdts 1 1 1 1 8 PDTs M
  52. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  53. nfs_v2_vm_bufs 10000 10000 10000 512 50000 Bufs I
  54. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  55. nfs_v3_vm_bufs 10000 10000 10000 512 50000 Bufs I
  56. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  57. nfs_securenfs_authtimeout 0 0 0 0 60 Seconds D
  58. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  59. nfs_v3_server_readdirplus 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  60. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  61. lockd_debug_level 0 0 0 0 10 Level D
  62. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  63. statd_debug_level 0 0 0 0 10 Level D
  64. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  65. statd_max_threads 50 50 50 1 1000 Threads D
  66. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  67. nfs_v4_fail_over_timeout 0 0 0 0 3600 Seconds D
  68. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  69. utf8_validation 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  70. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  71. nfs_v4_pdts 1 1 1 1 8 PDTs M
  72. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  73. nfs_v4_vm_bufs 10000 10000 10000 512 50000 Bufs I
  74. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  75. server_delegation 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  76. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  77. nfs_auto_rbr_trigger 0 0 0 -1 1M MB D
  78. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  79. client_delegation 1 1 1 0 1 On/Off D
  80. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  81. n/a means parameter not supported by the current platform or kernel
  82. Parameter types:
  83. S = Static: cannot be changed
  84. D = Dynamic: can be freely changed
  85. B = Bosboot: can only be changed using bosboot and reboot
  86. R = Reboot: can only be changed during reboot
  87. C = Connect: changes are only effective for future socket connections
  88. M = Mount: changes are only effective for future mountings
  89. I = Incremental: can only be incremented
  90. Value conventions:
  91. K = Kilo: 2^10 G = Giga: 2^30 P = Peta: 2^50
  92. M = Mega: 2^20 T = Tera: 2^40 E = Exa: 2^60
  93. [root@aix227:/]#


【實驗總結

1、AIX系統掛載NFS共享,需要設定預設網路引數nfs_use_reserved_ports值修改為1.
2、如想實現AIX開機自動掛載NFS,不僅要在/etc/filesystems中設定mount=true,還需要將nfs_use_reserved_ports=1寫入nextboot file /etc/tunables/nextboot
3、Linux系統預設nfs_use_reserved_ports引數值為1,AIX系統中此引數預設值為0;故linux系統中只需配置好/etc/fstab即可實現開機自動掛載。


呂星昊
2014.8.12




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