1 from selenium import webdriver 2 from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait 3 from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC 4 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By 5 from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains 6 from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select 7 8 ``` 9 對selenium進行二次封裝 10 ``` 11 class PySelenium(object): 12 13 ``` 14 初始化,例項化瀏覽器驅動物件 15 ``` 16 def __init__(self, browser=`ff`): 17 if browser == `ff` or browser == `firefox`: # 火狐 18 driver = webdriver.Firefox() 19 elif browser == `chrome`: # 谷歌 20 option = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 21 option.add_argument("--start-maximized") 22 driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=option) 23 elif browser == `ie` | browser == `internet explorer`: # IE 24 driver = webdriver.Ie() 25 elif browser == "opera": 26 driver = webdriver.Opera() 27 elif browser == "phantomjs": 28 driver = webdriver.PhantomJS() 29 elif browser == `edge`: 30 driver = webdriver.Edge() 31 32 try: 33 self.driver = driver 34 except Exception: 35 # 手動丟擲異常 36 raise NameError( 37 "Not found %s browser,You can enter `ie`, `ff`, `opera`, `phantomjs`, `edge` or `chrome`." % browser) 38 39 40 ``` 41 設定元素等待 42 ``` 43 def elementWait(self, css, secs=5): 44 # 判斷表示式是否包含指定字元 45 if "=>" not in css: 46 raise NameError("Positioning syntax errors, lack of `=>`.") 47 48 # 提取元素定位方式和定位表示式 49 by = css.split("=>")[0] 50 value = css.split("=>")[1] 51 52 if by == "id": 53 WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(By.ID,value)) 54 elif by == `name`: 55 WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(By.NAME,value)) 56 elif by == "class": 57 WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, value))) 58 elif by == "link_text": 59 WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.LINK_TEXT, value))) 60 elif by == "xpath": 61 WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, value))) 62 elif by == "css": 63 WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, value))) 64 else: 65 raise NameError( 66 "Please enter the correct targeting elements,`id`,`name`,`class`,`link_text`,`xpath`,`css`.") 67 68 ``` 69 獲取指定元素物件 70 表示式： by=>value （by為定位方式,value為定位方式的表示式,例如:按照id定位某個元素,id=>"#"） 71 ``` 72 def getElement(self, css): 73 if "=>" not in css: 74 raise NameError("Positioning syntax errors, lack of `=>`.") 75 76 by = css.split("=>")[0] 77 value = css.split("=>")[1] 78 79 if by == `id`: 80 element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(value) 81 elif by == `name`: 82 element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(value) 83 elif by == `class`: 84 element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value) 85 elif by == `link_text`: 86 element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(value) 87 elif by == `xpath`: 88 element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value) 89 elif by == `css`: 90 element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(value) 91 else: 92 raise NameError("Please enter the correct targeting elements,`id`,`name`,`class`,`link_text`,`xpath`,`css`.") 93 return element 94 95 ``` 96 請求/開啟指定連結 97 ``` 98 def openUrl(self, url): 99 self.driver.get(url) 100 101 ``` 102 視窗最大化 103 ``` 104 def maxWindows(self): 105 self.driver.maximize_window() 106 107 ``` 108 設定視窗指定寬高 109 ``` 110 def setWindowsSize(self, wide, high): 111 self.driver.set_window_size(width=wide,height=high) 112 113 ``` 114 新增文字到input 115 ``` 116 def addText(self, css, massage): 117 self.elementWait(css) 118 input = self.getElement(css) 119 input.send_keys(massage) 120 121 ``` 122 清空input中的文字 123 ``` 124 def clear(self, css): 125 self.elementWait(css) 126 self.getElement(css).clear() 127 128 ``` 129 滑鼠左鍵單擊 130 ``` 131 def click(self, css): 132 self.elementWait(css) 133 self.getElement(css).click() 134 135 ``` 136 滑鼠右鍵單擊 137 ``` 138 def rightClick(self, css): 139 self.elementWait(css) 140 ActionChains(self.driver).context_click(self.getElement(css)).perform() 141 142 ``` 143 移動滑鼠到指定元素(預設在元素的中間位置) 144 ``` 145 def moveToTargetElement(self, css): 146 self.elementWait(css) 147 ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(self.getElement(css)).perform() 148 149 ``` 150 移動滑鼠到指定元素,並且指定位於元素的x,y偏移量(偏移量相對於元素的左上角) 151 ``` 152 def moveToTargetElementWithOffset(self, css, xoffset, yoffset): 153 self.elementWait(css) 154 ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element_with_offset(self.getElement(css), xoffset, yoffset).perform() 155 156 ``` 157 滑鼠左鍵雙擊 158 ``` 159 def doubleClick(self, css): 160 self.elementWait(css) 161 ActionChains(self.driver).double_click(self.getElement(css)).perform() 162 163 ``` 164 拖拽元素到指定元素處 165 ``` 166 def dragAndDropToElement(self, sourceCss, targetCss): 167 self.elementWait(sourceCss) 168 self.elementWait(targetCss) 169 ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop(self.getElement(sourceCss),self.getElement(targetCss)).perform() 170 171 ``` 172 拖拽元素指定偏移(該偏移是相對於當前滑鼠的座標偏移量) 173 ``` 174 def dragAndDropToOffset(self, sourceCss, xoffset, yoffset): 175 self.elementWait(sourceCss) 176 ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(self.getElement(sourceCss), xoffset, yoffset).perform() 177 178 ``` 179 滑鼠左鍵點選連結文字 180 ``` 181 def clickLinkText(self, text): 182 self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(text).click() 183 184 ``` 185 關閉當前視窗 186 ``` 187 def close(self): 188 self.driver.close() 189 190 ``` 191 關閉瀏覽器驅動 192 ``` 193 def quit(self): 194 self.driver.quit() 195 196 ``` 197 提交指定表單 198 ``` 199 def submit(self, css): 200 self.elementWait(css) 201 self.getElement(css).submit() 202 203 ``` 204 重新整理當前頁面,相當於點選F5 205 ``` 206 def F5(self): 207 self.driver.refresh() 208 209 ``` 210 執行指定的js程式碼 211 ``` 212 def js(self, javaScript): 213 self.driver.execute_script(javaScript) 214 215 ``` 216 獲取指定元素的某個屬性值 217 ``` 218 def getAttribute(self, css, attr): 219 self.elementWait(css) 220 self.getElement(css).get_attribute(attr) 221 222 ``` 223 獲取指定元素的文字內容,即value屬性值 224 ``` 225 def getText(self, css): 226 self.elementWait(css) 227 self.getElement(css).text 228 229 ``` 230 判斷元素是否可見 231 ``` 232 def isDisplay(self, css): 233 self.elementWait(css) 234 return self.getElement(css).is_displayed() 235 236 ``` 237 判斷元素是否啟用 238 ``` 239 def isEnabled(self, css): 240 self.elementWait(css) 241 return self.getElement(css).is_enabled() 242 243 ``` 244 判斷元素是否選中,一般用於驗證checkbox和radio 245 ``` 246 def isSelected(self, css): 247 self.elementWait(css) 248 return self.getElement(css).is_selected() 249 250 ``` 251 獲取當前頁面的title 252 ``` 253 def getTitle(self): 254 return self.driver.title 255 256 ``` 257 獲取當前頁面的url 258 ``` 259 def getCurrentUrl(self): 260 return self.driver.current_url 261 262 ``` 263 截圖,儲存到指定路徑下檔案中 264 ``` 265 def getScreenshot(self, fullFileName): 266 self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(fullFileName) 267 268 ``` 269 全域性等待,Implicitly wait.All elements on the page. 270 ``` 271 def wait(self, secs): 272 self.driver.implicitly_wait(secs) 273 274 ``` 275 彈框警告-確認 276 ``` 277 def alertAccept(self): 278 # self.driver.switch_to_alert().accept() 廢棄的方式 279 self.driver.switch_to.alert.accept() 280 281 ``` 282 彈框警告-取消 283 ``` 284 def alertDismiss(self): 285 # self.driver.switch_to_alert().dismiss() 廢棄的方式 286 self.driver.switch_to.alert.dismiss() 287 288 ``` 289 切換到指定的iframe 290 ``` 291 def switchFrame(self, css): 292 self.elementWait(css) 293 self.driver.switch_to.frame(self.getElement(css)) 294 295 ``` 296 切換到上一級(iframe) 297 ``` 298 def switchFrameOut(self): 299 self.driver.switch_to.default_content() 300 301 ``` 302 開啟新頁面,並切換當前控制程式碼為新頁面的控制程式碼 303 (每個頁面對應一個控制程式碼handle,可以通過self.driver.window_handles檢視所有控制程式碼) 304 --當前方法可能存在問題 305 ``` 306 def openNewWindow(self): 307 original_windows = self.driver.current_window_handle 308 all_handles = self.driver.window_handles 309 for handle in all_handles: 310 if handle != original_windows: 311 self.driver.switch_to.window(handle) 312 313 314 ``` 315 等待元素,預設5秒,每1秒檢查一次 316 --如果超時則對當前頁面截圖,以指定的檔名稱儲存到圖片儲存目錄,並返回false 317 ``` 318 def waitEleAndSaveExceptionForTimeout(self, css, pictureName): 319 try: 320 self.elementWait(css) 321 return True 322 except Exception as e: 323 from conf.path import PICTUREPATH # 匯入定義的圖片儲存目錄路徑 324 pictureFullName = PICTUREPATH + pictureName + `.jpg` 325 self.getScreenshot(pictureFullName) 326 return False 327 328 ``` 329 等待元素,10秒,每1秒檢查一次 330 --如果超時,返回false 331 ``` 332 def waitEleAndExceptionForTimeout(self, css): 333 try: 334 self.element_wait(css, secs=10) 335 return True 336 except Exception as e: 337 return False 338 339 ``` 340 根據指定的值選中相應的下拉選單中的選項 341 --如果沒有指定的值則丟擲異常 342 ``` 343 def selectByValue(self, css, value): 344 self.element_wait(css) 345 Select(self.get_element(css)).select_by_value(value) 346 347 if __name__ == `__main__`: 348 pySelenium = PySelenium(`chrome`)