lucene入門使用

簡介：https://baike.baidu.com/item/Lucene/6753302?fr=aladdin

擴充套件停用詞和新詞：https://blog.csdn.net/u010357298/article/details/80776902

目錄結構：（跟著程式碼練習一遍，效果更好）       摘要，排序和高亮           lucene4以後有一定改變

直接上程式碼 程式碼:

一：建立javabean

/**建立javabean*/
package lucene;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;

public class User {
	private String id;
	private String userName;
	private String sal;

	public User() {

	}

	public User(String id, String userName, String sal) {
		this.id = id;
		this.userName = userName;
		this.sal = sal;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}

	public String getSal() {
		return sal;
	}

	public void setSal(String sal) {
		this.sal = sal;
	}

	// @Override
	// public String toString() {
	// return "User[id='" + id + "',userName='" + userName + "',sal='" + sal
	// + "']";
	// }

	/** 序列化 */
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return JSON.toJSONString(this);
	}
}

二：建立索引庫並插入資料 

/**建立索引庫並插入資料 */
package lucene;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;

public class AddIndex {

	public void createIndexDB(String id, String userName, String sal)
			throws Exception {

		// 把資料填充到JavaBean物件中
		User user = new User(id, userName, sal);

		// 建立Document物件【匯入的是Lucene包下的Document物件】
		Document document = new Document();

		// 將JavaBean物件所有的屬性值，均放到Document物件中去，屬性名可以和JavaBean相同或不同

		/**
		 * 向Document物件加入一個欄位 引數一：欄位的關鍵字 引數二：字元的值 引數三：是否要儲存到原始記錄表中 YES表示是 NO表示否
		 * 引數四：是否需要將儲存的資料拆分到詞彙表中 ANALYZED表示拆分 NOT_ANALYZED表示不拆分
		 *
		 * */
		document.add(new Field("id", user.getId(), Field.Store.YES,
				Field.Index.ANALYZED));
		document.add(new Field("userName", user.getUserName(), Field.Store.YES,
				Field.Index.ANALYZED));
		document.add(new Field("sal", user.getSal(), Field.Store.YES,
				Field.Index.ANALYZED));

		// 建立IndexWriter物件
		// 目錄指定為E:/createIndexDB
		Directory directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("E:/createIndexDB"));

		// 使用標準的分詞演算法對原始記錄表進行拆分
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_30);

		// LIMITED預設是1W個
		IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength maxFieldLength = IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength.LIMITED;
		/**
		 * IndexWriter將我們的document物件寫到硬碟中
		 *
		 * 引數一：Directory d,寫到硬碟中的目錄路徑是什麼 引數二：Analyzer a,
		 * 以何種演算法來對document中的原始記錄表資料進行拆分成詞彙表 引數三：MaxFieldLength mfl 最多將文字拆分出多少個詞彙
		 *
		 * */
		IndexWriter indexWriter = new IndexWriter(directory, analyzer,
				maxFieldLength);

		// 將Document物件通過IndexWriter物件寫入索引庫中
		indexWriter.addDocument(document);

		// 關閉IndexWriter物件
		indexWriter.close();

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String id = "2";
		String userName = "李四";
		String sal = "運維工程師";
		AddIndex testIndex = new AddIndex();
		try {
			testIndex.createIndexDB(id, userName, sal);
			System.out.println("新增成功:" + id);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("createIndexDB error");
		}
		/** 讀取檔案內容，存入索引庫 */
		try {
			String classPath = System.getProperties().getProperty("user.dir");
			String sep = System.getProperties().getProperty("file.separator");
			String pathName = classPath + sep + "date" + sep + "testtitle.txt";
			File file = new File(pathName);
			InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(
					new FileInputStream(file), "gbk");
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
			String stringLine;
			int count = 0;
			while ((stringLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
				count += 1;
				testIndex.createIndexDB(count + "", stringLine.substring(0, 3),
						stringLine);
				System.out.println(stringLine);
			}
			br.close();
			reader.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			System.out.println("createndexDB error");
		}

	}
}

三：查詢

package lucene;

import java.io.File;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.queryParser.QueryParser;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.Query;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
import org.junit.Test;

public class FindIndex {
	@Test
	public void findIndexDB() throws Exception {

		/**
		 * 引數一： IndexSearcher(Directory path)查詢以xxx目錄的索引庫
		 *
		 * */
		Directory directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("E:/createIndexDB"));
		// 建立IndexSearcher物件
		IndexSearcher indexSearcher = new IndexSearcher(directory);

		// 建立QueryParser物件
		/**
		 * 引數一： Version matchVersion 版本號【和上面是一樣的】 引數二：String f,【要查詢的欄位】
		 * 引數三：Analyzer a【使用的拆詞演算法】
		 * */
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_30);
		QueryParser queryParser = new QueryParser(Version.LUCENE_30,
				"sal", analyzer);

		// 給出要查詢的關鍵字
		String keyWords = "中國";

		// 建立Query物件來封裝關鍵字
		Query query = queryParser.parse(keyWords);

		// 用IndexSearcher物件去索引庫中查詢符合條件的前100條記錄，不足100條記錄的以實際為準
		TopDocs topDocs = indexSearcher.search(query, 100);

		// 獲取符合條件的編號

		for (int i = 0; i < topDocs.scoreDocs.length; i++) {

			ScoreDoc scoreDoc = topDocs.scoreDocs[i];
			int no = scoreDoc.doc;
			// 用indexSearcher物件去索引庫中查詢編號對應的Document物件
			Document document = indexSearcher.doc(no);

			// 將Document物件中的所有屬性取出，再封裝回JavaBean物件中去
			String id = document.get("id");
			String userName = document.get("userName");
			String sal = document.get("sal");

			User user = new User(id, userName, sal);
			System.out.println(user);

		}
		indexSearcher.close();
	}
}

四：刪除

package lucene;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.TokenStream;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestIndex {
	@Test
	/**刪除索引庫*/
	public void TestIndexDel() throws IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_30);
		FSDirectory directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("E:/createIndexDB"));
		// IndexWriterConfig
		IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength maxFieldLength = IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength.LIMITED;
		IndexWriter indexWriter = new IndexWriter(directory, analyzer,
				maxFieldLength);
		indexWriter.deleteAll();
		System.out.println("good--已刪除索引庫所有檔案");
		indexWriter.deleteDocuments(new Term("userName", "李四"));
		indexWriter.commit();
		indexWriter.close();
	}
}

 五，優化

// 多條件搜尋--（結果會排序）
		QueryParser queryParser1 = new MultiFieldQueryParser(
				LuceneUtils.getVersion(), new String[] { "userName", "sal" },
				LuceneUtils.getAnalyzer());

下面程式碼把lucene封裝成工具包（轉載）

package lucene;

import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.apache.lucene.util.Version;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * Created 0
 */

/**
 * 使用單例事例模式
 * */
public class LuceneUtils {
	private static Directory directory;
	private static Analyzer analyzer;
	private static IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength maxFieldLength;

	private LuceneUtils() {
	}

	static {
		try {
			directory = FSDirectory.open(new File("E:/createIndexDB"));
			analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer(Version.LUCENE_30);
			maxFieldLength = IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength.LIMITED;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();

		}
	}

	public static Directory getDirectory() {
		return directory;
	}

	public static Analyzer getAnalyzer() {
		return analyzer;
	}

	public static IndexWriter.MaxFieldLength getMaxFieldLength() {
		return maxFieldLength;
	}

	/**
	 * @param object
	 *            傳入的JavaBean型別
	 * @return 返回Document物件
	 */
	public static Document javaBean2Document(Object object) {
		try {
			Document document = new Document();
			// 得到JavaBean的位元組碼檔案物件
			Class<?> aClass = object.getClass();

			// 通過位元組碼檔案物件得到對應的屬性【全部的屬性，不能僅僅呼叫getFields()】
			Field[] fields = aClass.getDeclaredFields();

			// 得到每個屬性的名字
			for (Field field : fields) {
				String name = field.getName();
				// 得到屬性的值【也就是呼叫getter方法獲取對應的值】
				String method = "get" + name.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
						+ name.substring(1);
				// 得到對應的值【就是得到具體的方法，然後呼叫就行了。因為是get方法，沒有引數】
				Method aClassMethod = aClass.getDeclaredMethod(method, null);
				String value = aClassMethod.invoke(object).toString();
				System.out.println(value);

				// 把資料封裝到Document物件中。
				document.add(new org.apache.lucene.document.Field(name, value,
						org.apache.lucene.document.Field.Store.YES,
						org.apache.lucene.document.Field.Index.ANALYZED));
			}
			return document;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * @param aClass
	 *            要解析的物件型別，要使用者傳入進來
	 * @param document
	 *            將Document物件傳入進來
	 * @return 返回一個JavaBean
	 */
	public static Object Document2JavaBean(Document document, Class<?> aClass) {
		try {
			// 建立該JavaBean物件
			Object obj = aClass.newInstance();
			// 得到該JavaBean所有的成員變數
			Field[] fields = aClass.getDeclaredFields();
			for (Field field : fields) {

				// 設定允許暴力訪問
				field.setAccessible(true);
				String name = field.getName();
				String value = document.get(name);
				// 使用BeanUtils把資料封裝到Bean中
				BeanUtils.setProperty(obj, name, value);
			}
			return obj;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	@Test
	public void test() {
		User user = new User();
		LuceneUtils.javaBean2Document(user);
	}

}